consultative/ kEn5sQltEtIv; kEn`sQltEtIv/ adj of or for consulting; advisory 諮 詢 的 ; 供 諮 詢 的 ; 顧 問 的 : a consu

consultative

/ kEn5sQltEtIv; kEn`sQltEtIv/ adj of or for consulting; advisory 諮 詢 的 ; 供 諮 詢 的 ; 顧 問 的 : a consultative committee, document, etc 諮詢委員會、 文件等.

consume

/ kEn5sju:m; ?@ -5su:m; kEn`sum/ v [Tn] 1 (a) use (sth) up 用 盡 , 消 耗 , 花 費 （ 某事 物 ） : consume resources, time, stores, etc 耗盡資源、時間、存物等 *| The car consumes a lot of fuel. 這輛汽車很費汽油. *| (rhet 修辭) He soon consumed his fortune, ie spent the money wastefully. 他很快就把財產揮霍殆盡. (b) destroy (sb/sth) by fire, decay, etc （因火燒、 衰敗等）毀掉（某人[某物]）: The fire quickly consumed the wooden hut. 火焰很快地吞噬了那所小木屋. *| (fig 比喻) be consumed (ie filled) with envy, hatred, greed, etc 心中充滿了忌妒、仇恨、貪欲等. 2 (fml 文) eat or drink (sth) 吃或喝（某物）.

consuming

adj [attrib 作定語] that obsesses or dominates sb 使人著迷的; 支配某人的: Building model trains is his consuming passion. 制作模型火車是他廢寢忘食的愛好.

consumer

/ kEn5sju:mE(r); ?@ -su:-; kEn`sumL/ n person who buys goods or uses services 消費者; 顧客; 用戶: Consumers are encouraged to complain about faulty goods. 要鼓勵消費者對劣質商品投訴. *|electricity consumers 電力的用戶 *| [attrib 作定語] consumer rights, protection, etc 消費者的權利、 保障等. Cf 參看 producer.

consumerism

/ -IzEm; -IzEm/ n [U] (campaigning for the) protection of consumers' interests 消費者利益的保護（運動）.

consumer durables

= durables (durable).

consumer goods

572goods bought and used by individual

customers, eg food, clothing, domestic appliances 消 費 品 . Cf 參 看 capital goods (capital2).

consummate

/ kEn5sQmEt; kEn`sQmIt/ adj [attrib 作定語] (fml 文) highly skilled; perfect 技藝高超的; 盡善盡美的: a consummate artist, performance, piece of work 高超的藝術家、 演出、 作品 *| She dealt with the problem with consummate skill. 她以巧妙的手腕處理了這個問題. *| (derog 貶) a consummate liar 瞎話大王.

consummate

/ 5kCnsEmeIt; `kBnsE9met/ v [Tn] (fml 文) 1 make (sth) complete or perfect 使（某事物）完整或圓滿: This award consummates my life's work. 這個獎是我一生努力的圓滿結果. 2 make (a marriage) legally complete by having sexual intercourse 完（婚）（行房）.

consummation

/ 9kCnsE5meIFn; 9kBnsE`meFEn/ n [C, U] action or point of completing, making perfect, or fulfilling 完 成 ; 臻 於 圓 滿 ; 實 現 : the consummation of one's life's work, one's ambitions, a marriage 畢生努力的圓滿成功、 夙愿的得償、 完婚.

consumption

/ kEn5sQmpFn; kEn`sQmpFEn/ n [U] 1 (a) using up of food, energy, resources, etc （食物、 能量、 資源等的）消耗: The meat was declared unfit for human consumption. 這種肉已宣布不適宜人們食用. *| conspicuous consumption which is an affront to people on low incomes 使低收入者感到自慚形穢的那種鋪張. (b) quantity used 消耗量: We have measured the car's fuel consumption. 我們測量了這輛汽車的汽油消耗量. 2 (dated 舊) tuberculosis of the lungs 肺癆; 肺結核.

consumptive

/ kEn5sQmptIv; kEn`sQmptIv/ adj (dated 舊 ) suffering or tending to suffer from consumption(2) （可能）患肺癆的.

consumptive

n consumptive person 肺癆患者.

cont

abbr 縮 寫 = 1 contents. 2 (also contd) continued: cont on p 74 下接第 74 頁.

contact

/ 5kCntAkt; `kBntAkt/ n 1 [U] ~ (with sb/sth) (a) state of touching (used esp with the vs shown) 接觸（尤與下列示例中動詞連用）: The two substances are now in contact (with each other), and a chemical reaction is occurring.

現在這兩種物質（互相）接觸產生了化學反應. *|His hand came into contact with (ie touched) a hot surface. 他的手觸到熱物體的表面. *| The label sticks on contact, ie when it touches a surface. 這標簽一接觸即可貼上. *| (fig 比喻) The troops came into contact with (ie met) the enemy. 部隊已與敵人交鋒（遭遇）. *| (fig 比喻) Pupils must be brought into contact with (ie exposed to) new ideas. 應該引導學生接觸新思想.

(b) communication 通 訊 ; 聯 系 ; 交 往 : in constant radio/telephone contact (with sb) （與某人）經常保持無線電[電話]聯系 *| Beyond a certain distance we are out of contact with our headquarters. 我們跟總部超過一定距離通訊就會中斷. *| She's lost contact with her son, ie no longer hears from him, knows where he is, etc. 她跟兒子失去了聯系. *| two people avoiding eye contact, ie avoiding looking directly at each other 避免目光接觸的兩人. 2 [C] instance of meeting or communicating 接觸; 會晤; 通訊; 聯 系 ; 交 往 : extensive contacts with firms abroad 與國外公司的廣泛的聯系. 3 [C] person one has met or will meet, esp one who can be helpful 已接觸或將接觸的人（尤指於己有利的人）:

I have a useful contact in New York. 我在紐約有 個 有 用 的 人 可 以 聯 系 . 4 [C] (a) electrical connection 電 流 的 接 觸 ; 電 的 接 通 : A poor contact causes power to fail occasionally. 接觸不良有時會造成斷電. (b) device that makes an electrical connection 接觸器; 電氣接頭; 觸頭: The switches close the contacts and complete the circuit. 這些開關可使接觸器接通電流形成回路. 5 [C] (medical 醫) person who may be infectious because he has recently been near to sb who has a contagious disease （因接觸傳染病人）可能受到傳染者 ?w. 6 (idm 習語) make contact (with sb/sth) succeed in speaking to or meeting sb/sth 與某人[某事物]交談、 會晤或取 得 聯 系 : They made contact with headquarters by radio. 他們用無線電跟總部聯絡上 了. *| I finally made contact with her in Paris. 我 終 於 在 巴 黎 同 她 取 得 了 聯 系 . make/break `contact complete/interrupt an electric circuit 接通[切斷]電流.

contact

/ kEn5tAkt, 5kCntAkt; `kBntAkt/ v [Tn] reach (sb/sth) by telephone, radio, letter, etc; communicate with （用電話、 無線電、 書信等與某人[某事物]）聯 系 ; 與 ... 來 往 : Where can I contact you tomorrow? 明天我在哪里能跟你聯系?

573contact lens

/ 9kCntAkt 5lenz; `kBntAkt 9lZnz/ lens made of thin plastic placed on the surface of the eye to improve vision 接觸眼鏡; 隱形眼鏡片.

contact print

photographic print made by placing a negative directly onto the printing paper and exposing it to light 接觸印相照片（將底片直接置於印相紙上進行曝光而成）.

contagion

/ kEn5teIdVEn; kEn`tedVEn/ n 1 [U] spreadingof disease by being close to or touching other people （接）觸（傳）染. 2 [C] disease that can be spread by contact 接觸傳染病: Fear spread through the crowd like a contagion, ie quickly and harmfully. 人們心中的恐懼就像瘟疫似的蔓延開來. Cf 參看 infection.

contagious

/ kEn5teIdVEs; kEn`tedVEs/ adj 1 (a) (of a disease) spreading by contact （指疾?。ń樱┯|（傳）染的: Scarlet fever is highly contagious. 猩紅熱傳染性很強. (b) (of a person) having a disease that can be spread to others by contact （指人）患傳染病的, 帶觸染原的. 2 (fig 比喻) spreading easily from one person to another 容易感染他人 的 ; 感 染 性 的 : contagious laughter, enthusiasm, etc 容易感染別人的笑聲、 熱情等*| Yawning is contagious. 打呵欠是有感染性的.

contagiously

adv. Cf 參看 infectious.

contain

/ kEn5teIn; kEn`ten/ v [Tn] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於進行時態) 1 (a) have or hold (sth) within itself 包含; 含有: The atlas contains forty maps. 這地圖集共有四十幅地圖. *| Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol. 威士忌所含酒精的百分比很高. *| What does that box contain? 那 個 盒 子 里 裝 的 是 什 麼 ? *| Her statement contained several inaccuracies. 她的言詞有幾處不確切. (b) be capable of holding (sth) 可容納（某事物）: This barrel contains 50 litres. 這 個 桶 容 量 為 50 升 . 2 (a) keep (sth/oneself) under control; keep within limits; hold back 控制（某事物[自己]）; 抑制; 克制: I was so furious I couldn't contain myself, ie had to express my feelings. 我氣極了, 無法克制自己. *| Please contain your enthusiasm for a moment. 請你暫且控制住感情. *| She could hardly contain her excitement. 她抑制不住內心的 激 動 . (b) prevent (sth) from spreading

harmfully or becoming more serious 阻止（某事 物 ） 的 蔓 延 或 惡 化 : Has the revolt been contained? 叛亂是否已受到遏止? 3 (geometry 幾) form the boundary of (sth) 作（某事物）的邊: the angle contained by two sides of a triangle 三角形兩邊的夾角. 4 (mathematics 數) be capable of being divided by (a number) exactly 可被（某數）除盡; （某數）可整除: 12 contains 2, 3, 4 and 6 12 可被 2、 3、 4、 6除盡.

containment

n [U] keeping sth within limits, so that it cannot spread harmfully 阻止; 遏制: Until we'd built up sufficient forces to drive the invaders back, we pursued a policy of containment. 我們對入侵之敵采取牽制的方針, 以備組織好兵力將之擊退.

container

/ kEn5teInE(r); kEn`tenL/ n 1 box, bottle, etc in which sth is kept, transported, etc 容器（如箱、瓶等）: The radioactive material is stored in a special radiation-proof container. 放射性材料貯存在防輻射的特殊容器內. 2 large metal box of standard size for transporting goods by road, rail, sea or air 貨柜; 集裝箱: [attrib 作定語] a `container train/ship/lorry, ie one designed to transport such containers 載貨柜的列車[貨船/卡車] *| `container traffic, depots, etc 貨柜運輸、 貨運站等.

containerize, -ise

/ kEn5teInEraIz; kEn`tenE9raIz/v [Tn] 1 pack (goods) into a container(1, 2) 將（貨物）裝入容器或貨柜（集裝箱）. 2 convert (a dock, ship,etc) so that it can use containers (container 2) 使（碼頭、船舶等）貨柜化（集裝箱化）.

containerization, -isation

/ kEn9teInEraI5zeIFn; ?@ -rI5z-; kEn9tenErE`zeFEn/ n [U].

contaminate

/ kEn5tAmIneIt; kEn`tAmE9net/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth/sb (with sth) make sth/sb impure by adding dangerous or disease-carrying substances 使 某 事 物 [ 某 人 ] 受 污 染 : contaminated clothing, eg by radio-active material 受污染的衣物（如受放射性物質污染） *|a river contaminated by chemicals 受到化學物質污染的河流 *| Flies contaminate food. 蒼蠅可 污 染 食 物 . *| (fig 比 喻 ) They are contaminating the minds of our young people with these subversive ideas. 他們這些顛覆作亂的思想是對我們年輕人的精神污染.

contaminant

574/ kEn5tAmInEnt; kEn`tAmEnEnt/ n (fml 文 )

substance that contaminates things 污染物; 污染物質.

contamination

/ kEn9tAmI5neIFn; kEn9tAmE`neFEn/ n [U] contaminating or being contaminated 污染: contamination of the water supply 給水系統的污染.

contd

abbr 縮寫 = cont 2.

contemplate

/ 5kCntempleIt; `kBntEm9plet/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tw] look at or consider (sth) thoughtfully 凝視, 打量, 思忖, 沉思（某事物）: She stood contemplating the painting. 她 站 著 審 視 那 幅 圖 畫 . *| He contemplated what the future would be like without the children. 他思忖著要是沒有這些孩子, 將來又如何. (b) [I, Tn, Tw] meditate (upon sth), esp as a religious practice 冥思（某事物）（尤指一種宗教儀式）: a few quiet minutes in the middle of the day to sit and contemplate 中午時分靜坐冥思的幾分鐘 *| contemplating the death of Our Lord 默禱上主之死難. 2 [Tn, Tg, Tsg] consider the possibility of (sth) 考慮（ 某 事 物 ） 的 可 能 性 ; 盤 算 ; 預 料 : She is contemplating a visit to (ie may visit) London. 她正打算去倫敦觀光. *| I'm not contemplating retiring (ie I do not intend to retire) yet. 我尚未考慮退休問題. *| We don't contem-plate him opposing our plan, ie do not expect that he will oppose it. 我們預料他不會反對我們的計劃.

contemplation

/ 9kCntem5pleIFn; 9kBntEm`pleFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] action of looking at sth/sb thoughtfully 凝視; 注視: He returned to his contemplation of the fire. 他重又凝視著那爐火. (b) [U, C] deep thought; meditation 沉思; 冥思: He sat there deep in contemplation. 他坐在那里沉思著. *| I'm sorry to interrupt your contemplations, but... 很抱歉打斷了您的沉思, 可是.... 2 [U] consideration; intention 考 慮 ; 意 圖 : the Government's contemplation of new measures 政府采取新措施的意圖.

contemplative

/ kEn5templEtIv, 5kCntempleItIv; `kBn-tEm9pletIv/ adj 1 fond of contemplation; thoughtful 好沉思的; 深思熟慮的: a contemplative person, manner, look 深思熟慮的人、 態度、 表情. 2 engaging in religious meditation 進 行 默 觀 的 : a contemplative order of nuns 注重默觀的修女團.

contemplatively

adv.

contemporaneous

/ kEn9tempE5reInIEs; kEn9tZm-pE`renIEs/ adj ~ (with sb/sth) (fml 文) existing or happening at the same time 同時存在或發生的; 同時期的; 同時代的: contemporaneous events, developments, etc 同時期的事件、 發展等.

contemporaneously

adv.

contemporary

/ kEn5temprErI; ?@ -pErerI; kEn`tZm-pE9rZrI/ adj 1 ~ (with sb/sth) of the time or period being referred to; belonging to the same time 屬於該時 代 或 該 時 期 的 ; 屬 於 同 一 時 代 的 : Many contemporary writers condemned the emperor's actions. 當時的許多作家都譴責該皇帝的行徑. *| a contemporary record of events, ie one made by people living at that time 同時代的大事記 *| Dickens was contemporary with Thackeray. 狄更斯與薩克萊屬於同一時代. 2 of the present time; modern 當代的; 現代的: contemporary events, fashions 當代事件、 款式 *| furniture of contemporary style 現代風格的家具. =>Usage at new 用法見 new.

contemporary

n person who lives or lived at the same time as another 同 期 的 人 ; 同 輩 : She and I were contemporaries at college. 她和我在學院里是同學.

contempt

/ kEn5tempt; kEn`tZmpt/ n [U] 1 (a) ~ (for sb/sth) feeling that sb/sth is completely worthless and cannot be respected 輕視; 蔑視: I feel nothing but contempt for people who treat children so cruelly. 我鄙視如此虐待孩子的人. *|I shall treat that suggestion with the contempt it deserves. 我對那項建議理所當然嗤之以鼻. (b) (fml 文) state of being regarded as worthless and shameful 微 不 足 道 ; 恥 辱 : behaviour which is generally held in contempt, ie despised 被人看不起的行為. 2 ~ of/for sth disregard (of rules, danger, etc) 藐視, 不顧（規則、 危險等）: She rushed forward in complete contempt of danger. 她完全不顧危險往前沖去. *| remarks which betray a staggering contempt for the truth, ie are completely untrue 全然不顧事情真相的言論. 3 (idm 習語) beneath con`tempt completely unworthy of respect 不 齒 : Such conduct is beneath contempt. 這 種 舉 動 為 人 所 不 齒 . familiarity 575breeds contempt => familiarity.

contemptible

/ kEn5temptEbl; kEn`tZmptEbl/ adj deserving contempt; despicable 不 齒 於 人 的 ; 可 鄙 的 :

contemptible cowardice 可鄙的膽怯.

contemptuous

/ kEn5temptFUEs; kEn`tZmptFJEs/ adj ~ (of sth/sb) feeling or showing contempt 鄙視的; 表示輕蔑的: a contemptuous person, attitude, remark 傲慢的人、 態度、 言語等 *| He threw it away with a contemptuous gesture. 他帶著不屑一顧的樣子把它扔了. *| be contemptuous of public opinion 蔑視輿論.

contemptuously

adv.

contempt of court (also contempt)

disobedience to an order made by a court of law; disrespect for a court or judge 蔑視法庭（不服從法庭或法官的命令）: She was jailed for contempt (of court). 她因藐視（法庭）罪被監禁.

contend

/ kEn5tend; kEn`tZnd/ v 1 [Ipr] ~ with/against sb/sth; ~ for sth struggle in order to overcome a rival, competitor or difficulty （與對手）競爭; （與他人）爭奪; （與困難）拚搏: Several teams are contending for (ie trying to win) the prize. 有幾個隊在爭奪錦標. *| She's had a lot of problems to contend with. 她有許多問題要解決. *| the captains of the contending (ie rival) teams 參與爭奪的各個隊的隊長. 2 [Tf no passive 不用於被動語態] put forward (sth) as one's opinion; argue; assert 主張（某事物）; 爭辯; 認為: I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. 我認為失業是我們社會最為嚴重的弊病.

contender

n person who tries to win sth in competition with others 競爭者; 爭奪者; 對手: the two contenders for the heavyweight title 重量級冠軍的兩名爭奪者.

content

/ kEn5tent; kEn`tZnt/ adj [pred 作表語] ~ (with sth); ~ to do sth satisfied with what one has; not wanting more; happy 知足; 滿足; 滿意; 愉快: Are you content with your present salary? 你對你現在的薪水滿意嗎? *| Now that she has apologized, I am content. 既然她已經道了歉, 我也就滿意了. *| He is content to stay in his present job. 他對現在的工作心滿意足. *| He is content to remain where he is now. 他安於現狀.

Cf 參看 contented.

content

n 1 [U] state of being content 滿足; 滿意: the quiet content of a well-fed child 孩子喂飽後不哭不鬧的滿足狀. 2 (idm 習語) to one's heart's content => heart.

content

v [Tn.pr] ~ oneself with sth accept sth, even though one would have liked more or better 滿足或滿意於某事物（雖然可能有更高的要求）: As there's no cream, we'll have to content ourselves with black coffee. 既然沒有奶油, 我們只好喝清咖啡算了. contented adj showing or feeling content; satisfied 表示或感到滿意或滿足的; 心滿意足的: a contented person, cat, smile, etc 心滿意足的人、 貓、 微笑等.

contentedly

adv.

contentment

n [U] state of being content 滿足; 滿意: with a smile of contentment 帶著心滿意足的微笑.

content

/ 5kCntent; `kBntZnt/ n 1 contents [pl] that which is contained in sth 所容納之物; 所含之物; 內容: the contents of a room, box, bottle, pocket 屋、盒、 瓶、 衣袋里的東西 *| The drawer had been emptied of its contents. 抽屜已經騰空了. *|She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its contents. 她沒有看那封信, 所以不知道信的內容. *| At the front of the book is a table of contents, giving details of what is in the book. 書的前部有目錄, 詳列了書中的內容. 2 [sing] that which is written or spoken about in a book, an article, a programme, a speech, etc （書、 文章、 節目、 演說等的）內容: The content of your essay is excellent, but it's not very well expressed. 你那篇文章的內容好極了, 但是表達方式不太好. 3 [sing] (preceded by a n 用於名詞之後) amount of sth contained in sth else 容量; 含量: the silver content of a coin 硬幣中銀的含量 *| food with a high fat content 脂肪含量高的食物.

contention

/ kEn5tenFn; kEn`tZnFEn/ n 1 [U] ~ (for sth/to do sth) contending (contend 1); competition 爭奪; 競爭: two teams in contention for the title/to win the title, ie competing for it 爭奪冠軍的兩個隊. 2 [U] contending (contend 2); angry disagreement 爭辯; 爭論; 爭吵: This is not a time for contention. 這不是爭論的時候. 3 [C] ~ 576(that...) assertion made in an argument （辯論

時提出的）論點: It is my contention that... 我的論點是.... 4 (idm 習語) a bone of contention => bone.

contiguous

/ kEn5tIgjUEs; kEn`tI^jJEs/ adj ~ (to/with sth) (fml 文) touching; neighbouring; near 挨著的; 相鄰的 ; 鄰 近 的 : the northern province and contiguous areas 北方省份及鄰近區域 *| The garden is contiguous to the field. 這個花園緊挨著農田.

contiguity

/ 9kCntI5gju:EtI; 9kBntI`^juEtI/ n [U] (fml 文) being contiguous 接觸; 相鄰; 鄰近.

continence

/ 5kCntInEns; `kBntEnEns/ n [U] 1 (fml 文) control of one's feelings, esp in sexual matters （感情的）節制; （尤指）節制性欲. 2 (medical 醫) ability to control one's bladder and bowels 大小便的自控能力.

continent

/ 5kCntInEnt; `kBntEnEnt/ n 1 each of the main land masses of the Earth (Europe, Asia, Africa, etc) （地球上的）大洲之一（歐洲、亞洲、非洲等）; 洲; 大陸. 2 the Continent [sing] (Brit) the mainland of Europe 歐 洲 大 陸 : holidaying on the Continent 在歐洲大陸度假.

continental

/ 9kCntI5nentl; 9kBntE`nZntl/ adj 1 belonging to or typical of a continent 大 陸 的 ; 大 陸 性 的 : a ,continental `climate 大陸性氣候. 2 (also Continental) (Brit) of the mainland of Europe 歐洲大陸的: ,continental `wars, al`liances, etc 歐洲大陸的戰爭、 聯盟等 *| a continental holiday 在歐洲大陸的假日.

continental

n (Brit often derog 常作貶義) inhabitant of the mainland of Europe （歐洲）大陸人.

continental breakfast

light breakfast typically consisting only of coffee and rolls with jam 歐洲大陸式早餐（僅有咖啡和果醬面包）. Cf 參看 English breakfast (English). ,continental `drift the slow movement of the continents towards and away from each other during the history of the Earth 大陸漂移（地球史上各大陸之間產生相對位移的緩慢運動）.

continent

/ 5kCntInEnt; `kBntEnEnt/ adj 1 (fml 文) having control of one's feelings and (esp sexual) desires 有節制的; 節制欲望的（尤指性欲）. 2

(medical 醫) able to control one's bladder and bowels 大小便控制力正常的.

contingency

/ kEn5tIndVEnsI; kEn`tIndVEnsI/ n event that may or may not occur; event that happens by chance 可能發生也可能不發生的事件; 偶發事件: Be prepared for all possible contingencies, ie for whatever may happen. 要準備應付一切可能發生 的 事 件 . *| [attrib 作 定 語 ] contingency plans/arrangements 應變計劃[安排].

contingent

/ kEn5tIndVEnt; kEn`tIndVEnt/ adj (fml 文 ) 1 ~ on/upon sth dependent on sth that may or may not happen 依可能發生也可能不發生的情況而定: Our success is contingent upon your continued help. 我們的成功全靠你的不斷幫助. 2 uncertain; accidental 不能確定的; 偶然的: a contingent advantage, effect, etc 意外的好處、結果等.

contingent

/ kEn5tIndVEnt; kEn`tIndVEnt/ n [CGp] 1 number of troops supplied to form part of a larger force 分遣隊; 小分隊: a small British contingent in the UN peace-keeping force 聯合國維持和平部隊的英國小分隊. 2 group of people sharing particular characteristics (eg place of origin) attending a gathering 參加某集會的一批具有某共同點（如所屬地區）的人; 代表團: A large contingent from Japan was present at the conference. 來自日本的一個大代表團出席了會議.

*| There were the usual protests from the anti-abortion contingent. 反對墮胎的人照例提出了抗議.

continual

/ kEn5tInjUEl; kEn`tInjJEl/ adj (esp derog 尤作貶義) going on all the time without stopping, or repeatedly 繼續不斷的; 一再重復的: continual rain, talking, interruptions 不停的雨、 談話、打擾 *| How do we prevent these continual breakdowns? 我們如何防止這些一再出現的故障?

continually

/ -jUElI; -jJElI/ adv without stopping; repeatedly 不停地; 一再地: They're continually arguing. 他們爭吵不休. *| I continually have to remind him of his responsibilities. 我得一再提醒他記住他的責任.

continual

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare continual and continuous. 試 比 較 continual 和continuous. Continual usually describes an 577action which is repeated again and again

*|continual 一般指多次重復的動作: Please stop

your continual questions. 請不要再接二連三地

提問了. *| He was continually late for work. 他

上班總是遲到. Continuous indicates that the

action or object carries on without stopping or

interruption *|continuous: They chattered

continuously for an hour. 他們嘮嘮叨叨足有一

個小時. *| a continuous flow of traffic 接連不斷

的來往車輛.

continuance

/ kEn5tInjUEns; kEn`tInjJEns/ n [sing] (fml 文 )

continuing existence; remaining; staying 繼續

的 存 在 ; 持 續 ; 停 留 : Can we hope for a

continuance of this fine weather? 我們能夠指

望這樣的好天氣再持續一段時間嗎? *| We can no

longer support the President's continuance in

office. 我們不能再支持總統連任.

continuation

/ kEn9tInjU5eIFn; kEn9tInjJ`eFEn/ n 1 [U, sing] (a)

carrying sth on beyond a certain point without

stopping; prolongation 繼續; 延續; 持續: He

argued for a continuation of the search. 他主

張繼續進行搜查. (b) starting again after a stop;

resumption （停止後的）再開始; （中斷後的）

再繼續: Continuation of play after the tea

interval was ruled out by rain. 原定茶點小憩後

繼續進行的比賽因下雨而取消了. 2 [C] thing that

continues or extends sth else （某事物的）延續

或延長部分: This road is a continuation of the

motorway. 這條公路是高速公路的延伸. 3 [C] (US

law 律 ) temporary stopping of a trial;

adjournment （法庭的）休庭, 休會.

continue

/ kEn5tInju:; kEn`tInju/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sth to) go or move further （使某

事 物 ）繼 續 , 延 續 : How far does the road

continue? 這 條 路 有 多 長 ? *| The desert

continued as far as the eye could see. 沙漠一直

伸展到視線的盡頭. *| We continued up the

mountain on horseback. 我們騎著馬繼續上山.

*| They continued down until they came to

some pockets of natural gas. 他們繼續往下鉆, 終 於找 到了一 些天 然氣的 氣阱 . *| It's been

decided to continue the motorway (to the

coast), ie build more of it until it reaches the

coast. 已決定將高速公路延長（至海濱）. 2 [La, I, Ipr, Tn, Tt, Tg] ~ (with sth) (cause sth to) go on

existing or happening; not stop （使某事物）繼

續 存 在 或 不 斷 發 生 ; 不 停 : Circumstances

continue (to be) favourable. . *| Wet weather may continue for a few more days. 多雨的天氣可能還要持續好幾天. *| We will continue (with) the payments for another year. 我們這樣的報酬還要再維持一年. *| In spite of my efforts to pacify it the baby continued to cry/continued crying. 盡管我已盡力哄這嬰兒, 可是他還是哭個不 停 . *| How can you continue to work/continue working with all that noise going on? 你在那不停的噪聲中怎麼能工作得下去呀? 3 [Ipr] stay; remain 留在原處; 繼續保持: He is to continue as manager. 他要繼續當經理. *|continue at school, in one's job, etc 繼續求學、任職等. 4 (a) [I, Tn, Tt, Tg] start again after stopping; resume （停止後）再開始; （中斷後）再繼續: The story continues/is continued in the next issue of the magazine. 這個故事在該雜志的下一期里繼續刊載. *| We continued to rehearse/continued rehearsing the chorus after the break. 休息之後我們繼續排練合唱節目.

(b) [I, Tn] speak or say (sth) again after stopping （停頓後）繼續說: Please continue; I didn't mean to interrupt. 請往下說, 我不是有意打 斷 你 的 話 的 . *| `And what's more,' he continued, `they wouldn't even let me in!' ｀這還不算,＇ 他接著說: ｀他們甚至不讓我進去!＇ continued

adj [attrib 作定語] going on without stopping 繼續不停的: continued opposition, resistance, etc 持續的反對、 抵抗等.

continuity

/ 9kCntI5nju:EtI; ?@ -5nu:-; 9kBntE`nuEtI/ n [U] 1 state of being continuous 繼續 ; 連續 : We must ensure continuity of fuel supplies. 我們應該確保燃料供給不中斷. 2 logical connection between parts of a sequence 連續 性 ; 持 續 性 : This article lacks continuity; the writer keeps jumping from one subject to another. 這篇文章缺乏連貫性, 作者一味東拉西扯, 格局無章. 3 (cinema or TV 影或視) correct sequence of action in a film, etc （電影等各場景的）串聯, 銜接: Continuity is ensured by using the same props in successive scenes. 在連續的場景中使用同樣的道具以確保前後銜接. *| [attrib 作定語] a conti`nuity girl, ie one who makes sure the correct sequence is kept 女場記員（負責各場的順序銜接正確無誤者）. 4 (broadcasting 播) connecting comments,announcements, etc made between broadcasts （廣播節目之間主持 578人的）串聯詞、 說明詞等: [attrib 作定語] a

continuity announcer 插白廣播員.

continuous

/ kEn5tInjUEs; kEn`tInjJEs/ adj going on without

stopping or being interrupted 繼續不停的; 不

間斷的: Is this a continuous flight, or do we

stop off anywhere? 我們是不著陸的連續飛行呢, 還是要在中途的什麼地方停一停? *| Our political

institutions are in continuous evolution. 我們

的政治制度正在不斷發展中. *| A continuous belt

feeds components into the machine. 無極帶把

零件送入機器里. *| continuous assessment, ie

evaluation of a student's progress throughout

a course of study (instead of by examination

alone) 連續性評定（對學生在整個學習過程中所取

得的進步的評價, 用以代替單獨的考試）. =>Usage

at continual 用法見 continual. > continuously

adv.

continuous tense (also progressive tense)

(grammar) phrase consisting of part of be and

a verb ending in -ing which expresses an

action that continues over a period of time, as

in `I am/was writing', `They are/were singing'

進行時態（由 be 的一種形式和以-ing 結尾的動詞構

成 的詞組 , 表示 持續 一段時 間的動 作 , 如 : `I

am/was writing', `They are/were singing'.

continuum

/ kEn5tInjUEm; kEn`tInjJEm/ n (pl ~s or -ua/ -UE; -JE/)

graded sequence of things of a similar kind, so

that the ones next to each other are almost

identical, but the ones at either end are quite

distinct; cline 連續統一體.

contort

/ kEn5tR:t; kEn`tRrt/ v [I, Ipr, Tn] ~ (sth) (with sth)

(cause sth to) twist out of its natural shape

（使某物）扭曲, 走樣: Her face contorted/was

contorted with pain. 她的臉因疼痛而走了樣. *|

contorted branches, limbs, etc 彎彎曲曲的枝

椏、 主枝等 *| (fig 比喻) a contorted (ie too

complicated) explanation, excuse, etc 拐彎抹

角的解釋、 辯解等.

contortion

/ kEn5tR:Fn; kEn`tRrFEn/ (a) [U] contortingor being

contorted (esp of the face or body) 扭曲, 扭歪, 走樣（尤指臉部或軀體）. (b) [C] instance or result

of this 扭曲; 扭歪; 走樣: the contortions of a

yoga expert 瑜伽高手的柔軟動作.

contortionist

/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person who is skilled in

contorting his body 柔軟雜技表演者.

contour

/ 5kCntUE(r); `kBntJr/ n 1 outward curve of sth/sb

(eg a coast, mountain range, body) thought of as defining its shape 輪廓, 外形（如海岸、山脈、身體的輪廓線）: the smooth contours of a sculpture 雕 塑 物 的 平 滑 的 輪 廓 線 . 2 (also `contour line) line on a map joining points that are the same height above sea level 等高線.

=>illus at map 見 map 之插圖.

contour

v [Tn] 1 mark (a map) with contour lines 在（地圖）上標出等高線. 2 build (a road) so that it follows the contours of a hill （順著山的起伏）修筑（道路）.

contour map

map with contour lines representing fixed intervals on the ground, eg of 25 metres 等高線地圖.

contra

comb form 構 詞 成 分 against 反 對 ; 相 反 : contraflow.

contra

pref 前綴 1 (with vs and ns 用於動詞和名詞之前 ) opposite to; against 與 ... 相 反 ; 反 對 : contra-distinction *| contra-indication *|`contraflow. 2 (with ns 用於名詞之前) (music 音) having a pitch an octave below 聲音低八度的: contra-bassoon.

contra-indication

/ 9kCntrEIndI5keIFn; 9kBntrE9IndE`ke-FEn/ n (medical 醫) sign that a particular drug may be harmful 禁忌癥; 禁忌徵象: The contra-indications listed for the pills meant that she could not take them. 這種藥丸所列的禁忌癥表明, 她不能服用.

contraband

/ 5kCntrEbAnd; `kBntrE9bAnd/ n [U] goods brought into or taken out of a country illegally （非法帶入或帶出國境的）違禁品; 走私貨: [attrib 作定語] contraband goods 違禁貨物.

contraception

/ 9kCntrE5sepFn; 9kBntrE`sZpFEn/ n [U] preventing of conception(1) 避孕; 節育.

contraceptive

/ 9kCntrE5septIv; 9kBntrE`sZptIv/ n device or drug for preventing conception 避 孕 器 ; 避 孕 劑 . adj preventing conception 避孕的; 避孕用的: a contraceptive pill, device, drug, etc 避孕丸、 避孕器、 避孕劑.

contract

/ 5kCntrAkt; `kBntrAkt/ n 1 ~ (with sb) (for sth/to do sth) legally binding agreement, usu in writing 合 同 ; 契 約 : You shouldn't enter into/make a contract until you have studied 579its provisions carefully. 你應該先仔細研究合同

的條款, 然後再簽訂. *| We have a contract with the Government for the supply of vehicles/to supply vehicles. 我們在提供車輛方面與政府訂有合約. *| When the legal formalities have been settled, the buyer and seller of a house can exchange contracts, ie to complete their agreement legally. 房子的買方和賣方辦妥法律手續即可交換契約. *| He has agreed salary terms and is ready to sign a new contract, ie of employment. 他同意了薪金條件, 準備簽新合同.

*| I'm not a permanent employee; I'm working here on a fixed-term contract. 我并不是永久雇員, 而是根據定期合同在此工作的. *| [attrib 作定語] the contract price, date, etc, ie the price, date, etc agreed to 合同價格、 日期等 *| a contract worker, ie employed on a contract 合同工. 2 (idm 習語) be under contract (to sb) have made a contract to work (for sb) 立約（為某人）工作: a pop group that is under contract to one of the big record companies 與一家大唱片公司簽有合約的流行音樂樂隊. put sth out to `contract invite people to make a contract to do work, supply (goods, etc) 請人承包工作、 供貨等事: We haven't the resources to do the work ourselves, so we'll put it out to contract. 我們自己無法做這項工作, 所以要承包出去.

contractual

/ kEn5trktFUEl; kEn`trAktFJEl/ adj of or contained in a contract 合 同 的 ; 契 約 性 的 : contractual liability, obligations, etc 合同責任、 義務等.

contract bridge

type of bridge2 in which a player can gain points only with tricks which he had undertaken to win before the game started 定約橋牌.

contract

/ kEn5trAkt; kEn`trAkt/ v 1 (a) [Ipr, It] ~ with sb for sth make (a legal agreement) with sb for a purpose 與某人簽訂（合同或契約）: contract with a firm for the supply of fuel, ie agree to buy fuel from it 與一家公司就供應燃料一事簽訂合同 *| Having contracted (with them) to do the repairs, we cannot withdraw now. 我們（與他們）訂有維修合約, 現在不能撤消. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sb) (fml 文) enter into or undertake sth formally 正式締結或確定（某事物）: She had contracted a most unsuitable marriage. 她訂下的婚約極不匹配. *| contract an alliance with a neighbouring state 與鄰國締結同盟. 2 [Tn] (a)

catch or develop (an illness) 感染（疾?。? contract measles, a cold, etc 患麻疹、 感冒等. (b) (fml 文 ) acquire (sth) 招 致 （ 某 事 物 ） : contract debts, bad habits 負債、 染上惡習. 3 (phr v) contract `out (of sth) (Brit) withdraw from, or not enter into, an agreement which applies to a large group 退出或不參加某合約:

You can contract out (of the pension scheme) if you wish. 你愿意的話, 可以退出（這個養老金計劃）. contract sth out (to sb) arrange for (work) to be done by another firm rather than one's own 把工作包出去（讓別人做）.

contractor

n person or firm that does jobs (esp construction) under contract 訂約者; （尤指建筑工程的）承包人, 承包商: a building contractor 承建商 *| a firm of defence contractors, ie who make weapons, etc 軍火承包商 *| Who were the contractors on the new motorway? ie Who built it? 誰是這條新高速公路的承包人?

contract

/ kEn5trAkt; kEn`trAkt/ v [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (to sth) 1 make or become smaller or shorter （使）縮小, 縮短, 縮約: Metals contract as they get cooler. 金屬遇冷則收縮. *| `I will' can be contracted to `I'll'. Iwill 可縮寫為 I'll. *| (fig 比喻) Our business has contracted a lot recently. 我們 的生意近 來大為減 少了 . 2 (cause sth to) become tighter or narrower; constrict （使某物）緊縮或收縮; 縮: contract a muscle 收縮肌肉 *|The tunnel contracts to a narrow passageway as you go deeper. 再往里走, 坑道縮小成了一條窄窄的通道. Cf 參看 expand.

contractible

adj that can be contracted 可收縮的; 有收縮性的.

contractile

/ kEn5trAktaIl; ?@ -tl; kEn`trAktl/ adj (fml 文) that can contract or be contracted 可收縮的; 有收縮力的; 有收縮性的: contractile tissue 可縮組織.

contraction

/ kEn5trAkFn; kEn`trAkFEn/ n 1 [U] contracting or being contracted 縮小; 縮短; 緊縮; 收縮: the contraction of a muscle 肌肉的收縮. 2 [C] (medical 醫 ) tightening of the womb that occurs at intervals in the hours preceding childbirth （分娩時陣發性的）子宮收縮. 3 [C] shortened form at a word 詞的縮約形式; 縮約詞: `Can't' is a contraction of `cannot'. can't 是 580cannot 的縮約形式.

contradict

/ 9kCntrE5dIkt; 9kBntrE`dIkt/ v 1 [I, Tn] say sth that

conflicts with (sth said or written) by (sb), suggesting that the person is mistaken or not

telling the truth 反駁（某人）的（言論或文字）;

批駁; 駁斥: That is true, and don't you dare

contradict (me). 這是事實, 你還敢（跟我）強嘴.

*| The speaker had got confused, and started

contradicting himself. 演講者弄糊涂了, 說話自

相矛盾起來. 2 [Tn] (of facts, evidence, etc) be

contrary to (sth); conflict with （指事實、 證據

等）與（某事物）相反, 或相矛盾: The two

statements contradict each other. 兩種說法互

相抵觸. *| The report contradicts what we

heard yesterday. 這個報告與我們昨天聽到的有

矛盾.

contradiction

/ 9kCntrE5dIkFn; 9kBntrE`dIkFEn/ n 1 (a) [U]

contradicting 反駁; 矛盾; 對立: She will permit

no contradiction. 她決不允許有異議. (b) [C]

instance of this 矛 盾 : That's a flat

contradiction of what you said before. 這可和

你以前說的恰恰相反. 2 ~ (between sth and sth)

(a) [U] absence of agreement (between

statements, facts, etc) （兩種說法、 事實等之間

的）不一致, 矛盾, 對立: I find no contradiction

between his publicly expressed opinions and

his private actions. 我覺得他的公開言論與私下

行為并無二致. *| His private actions are in

direct contradiction to/with (ie directly

contradict) his publicly expressed opinions.

他私下的行為跟公開的言論完全是兩碼事. (b) [C]

instance of this 不一致; 矛盾; 對立: It's a

contradiction to love animals and yet wear

furs. 又愛護動物又穿毛皮服裝, 是自相矛盾的. 3

(idm 習 語 ) a ,contradiction in `terms

statement containing two words which

contradict each other's meaning 語詞矛盾: `A

generous miser' is a contradiction in terms. ｀

慷慨的吝嗇鬼＇在用詞上自相矛盾.

contradictory

/ 9kCntrE5dIktErI; 9kBntrE`dIktErI/ adj contradicting

互 相 矛 盾 的 ; 互 相 對 立 的 : contradictory

statements, reports, etc 互相矛盾的說法、 報告

等.

contradistinction

/ 9kCntrEdI5stINkFn; 9kBntrEdI`stINkFEn/ n (idm 習語)

in contradistinction to sth/sb (fml 文 ) by

contrast with sth/sb; as opposed to sth/sb 以

別於某事物[某人]; 與某事物[某人]相反: I refer specifically to permanent residents, in contradistinction to temporary visitors. 我是專指永久居民而言, 以別於臨時訪客.

contraflow

/ 5kCntrEflEU; `kBntrE9flo/ n [U, C] transferring of traffic from its usual half of the road to the other half, so that it shares the lane with traffic coming in the other direction 逆道行駛（車輛在迎面來車一邊的道路上逆行）: [attrib 作定語] While repairs are being carried out on this part of the motorway, a contraflow system is in operation. 高速公路的這一部分正進行維修, 現實行逆道行駛. =>illus at App 1 見附錄 1 之插圖, page xiii.

contralto

/ kEn5trAltEU; kEn`trAlto/ (also alto) n (pl ~s) 1 lowest female voice 女 低 音 : She sings contralto. 她 唱 女 低 音 . 2 woman with, or musical part to be sung by, such a voice 女低音歌手; 樂曲的女低音部分: A gifted young contralto. 有天賦的年輕女低音歌手.

contraption

/ kEn5trApFn; kEn`trApFEn/ n (infml 口) apparatus or device, esp a strange or complicated one 器械或裝置（尤指新奇或復雜的玩意兒）: a peculiar contraption for removing pips from oranges 可以除去柑橘的子的稀奇玩意兒.

contrapuntal

/ 9kCntrE5pQntl; 9kBntrE`pQntl/ adj (music 音) of or in counterpoint 對位法的; 復調音樂的.

contrariwise

/ 5kCntrErIwaIz; ?@ -trerI-; `kBntrZrI9waIz/ adv 1 on the contrary; on the other hand 相反; 在另一方面 : He always gives permission; she, contrariwise, always refuses it. 他總是予以應允; 她則相反, 總是拒絕. *| `Don't you find him very rude?' `Contrariwise! I think he's most polite.' ｀你是否覺得他很粗野?＇｀恰恰相反! 我認為他非常有禮貌.＇ 2 in the opposite way 以相反的方式: I work from left to right, he works contrariwise. 我從左邊干到右邊, 他從右邊干到左邊. 3/ kEn5treErIwaIz; kEn`trZrIwaIz/ perversely; in a way that shows opposition 一意孤行地; 表示 相 反 地 ; 作 對 地 : They know they're not allowed to park there, but, contrariwise, they always do. 他們明知不準在那里停車, 卻偏偏總要把車停在那里.

contrary

/ 5kCntrErI; ?@ -trerI; `kBntrZrI/ adj [usu attrib 通常 581作 定 語 ] opposite in nature, tendency or

direction （在性質、 傾向或方向等上）相反的, 相違的: contrary beliefs 截然相反的信仰 *| traffic moving in contrary directions 來來往往的車輛*| `Hot' and `cold' are contrary terms. ｀熱＇和｀冷＇是一對反義詞. *| The ship was delayed by contrary winds, ie blowing against the direction of travel. 航船因遇逆風而延誤了.

contrarily

/ -rIlI; ?@ -rElI; -rElI/ adv in a contrary manner 相反地; 反而.

contrary to

prep in opposition to (sth); against 違反（某事物）; 對抗: be contrary to the law, rules, etc 違反法律、規則等 *| The results were contrary to expectation. 結果與預期的相反. *| Contrary to the doctor's orders, he had gone back to work. 他不聽醫生的吩咐, 又回去工作了.

contrary

/ 5kCntrErI; ?@ -trerI; `kBntrZrI/ n 1 the contrary [sing] the opposite 反面; 對立面: The contrary of `wet' is `dry'. ｀濕＇的對立面是｀乾＇. *| I've never opposed it. The contrary is true: I've always supported it. 我從未反對過它. 恰恰相反:

我一貫支持它. 2 (idm 習語) by contraries in an opposite way to what is expected 與預期的相反: Many events in our lives go by contraries. 我們的生活中有不少事與愿違的情況. on the `contrary the opposite is true; not at all 與此相反; 正相反: It doesn't seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it's rather beautiful. 我覺得它并不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美. to the `contrary indicating or proving the opposite 與此相反（的）: I will come on Monday unless you write to the contrary, ie telling me not to come. 我將於星期一前來, 除非你寫信叫我別來. *| I will continue to believe it until I get proof to the contrary, ie that it is not true. 我仍然相信這一點, 除非能證明它與此相反.

contrary

/ kEn5treErI; kEn`trZrI/ adj obstinately refusingto help or obey 好與人作對的; 執拗的: He's an awkward, contrary child. 他是個又麻煩又不聽話的孩子.

contrarily

adv.

contrariness

n [U].

contrast

/ kEn5trB:st; ?@ -5trAst; kEn`trAst/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A and/with B compare (two people or things) so that differences are made clear 對比（以顯出兩

人或事物的差異）: It is interesting to contrast the two writers. 將這兩位作家加以比較是很有意思的. *| contrast his work and/with hers 把他的作品與她的作品加以比較. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb/sth) show a difference when compared （通過 對 比 ） 顯 出 差 異 ; 形 成 對 照 : Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises. 她的行動與她的諾言有天壤之別. *| Her actions and her promises contrasted sharply, ie She did not do as she had promised. 她的行動與她的諾言相去甚遠.

contrast

/ 5kCntrB:st; ?@ -trAst; `kBntrAst/ n ~ (to/with sb/sth); ~ (between A and B) 1 [U] action of contrasting 對比; 相比: Careful contrast of the two plans shows up some key differences. 把這兩個計劃仔細地加以對比就可以看出一些關鍵性的差異. *| His white hair was in sharp contrast to (ie was very noticeably different from) his dark skin. 他的白頭發與黑皮膚形成了鮮明的對比. *| She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well. 她考試差點不及格, 而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好. *| In contrast with their system, ours seems very old-fashioned. 我們的制度與他們的相比, 顯得過於守舊了. 2 [C, U] difference clearly seen when unlike things are compared or put together; thing showing such a difference 明顯的差異; 對照: The white walls make a contrast with the black carpet. 白色的墻壁與黑色的地毯形成了鮮明的對照. *| There is a remarkable contrast between the two brothers. 他們兄弟倆截然不同. *| The work you did today is quite a contrast to (eg noticeably better/worse than) what you did last week. 你今天干的活兒跟你上周干的判然不同（如明顯地要好[不如]）. *| The contrast of light and shade is important in photography. 在攝影藝術中明暗的反差是很重要的.

contravene

/ 9kCntrE5vi:n; 9kBntrE`vin/ v [Tn] 1 act or be contrary to (a law, etc); break 違犯（法律等）; 違反: You are contravening the regulations. 你違反了規定. *| Her actions contravene the rules. 她的所作所為違反了規定. 2 (of things) conflict with (sth); not agree with （指事物）與（某事物）相抵觸; 不合於...: This evidence contravenes our theory. 這個證據跟我們的理論不相符.

contravention

/ 9kCntrE5venFn; 9kBntrE`vZnFEn/ n [C, U] (act of) contravening (a law, etc) （對法律等的）違犯, 違 582反: a blatant contravention of the treaty 公然違

背條約的行為 *| acting in direct contravention of (ie against) my wishes 跟我的愿望完全背道而馳.

contretemps

/ 5kCntrEtCm; `kBntrE9tB/ n (pl unchanged 復數不變) (French fml or joc 法, 文或謔) unfortunate event; mishap; set-back 不幸事件; 災禍; 挫折.

contribute

/ kEn5trIbju:t; kEn`trIbjJt/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tw] ~ (sth) (to/towards sth) give one's share of (money, help, advice, etc) to help a joint cause 出（錢、 力、 主意等）; 捐助; 捐贈; 貢獻:

contribute (ten pounds) to a charity collection 捐獻（十鎊）給慈善事業 *| contribute aid for refugees 向難民提供援助 *| Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford. 人人都應該 盡 自 己 的 能 力 作 貢 獻 . *| The chairman encourages everyone to contribute to (ie take part in) the discussion. 主席鼓勵大家參與討論.

2 [Ipr] ~ to sth increase sth; add to sth 增加某事 物 ; 添 加 到 某 事 物 中 : Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject. 她的著作極有助於我們對這個困難問題的了解. 3 [Ipr] ~ to sth help to cause sth 促 成 某 事 物 : Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸煙會導致肺癌嗎? 4 [Ipr, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) to sth write (articles, etc) for a publication 撰稿; 投（稿）: She has contributed (several poems) to literary magazines. 她給文學刊物投了（幾首詩）稿.

contributor

n person who contributes (money to a fund, articles to a magazine, etc) 捐款人; 捐助者; 投稿者.

contribution

/ 9kCntrI5bju:Fn; 9kBntrE`bjuFEn/ n ~ (to/towards sth) (a) [U] action of contributing 捐款; 捐助; 貢獻; 促 成 ; 投 稿 : the contribution of money to charity 慈善捐款. (b) [C] thing contributed 捐贈物; 稿件: a small contribution (ie of money) to the collection 少量捐款 *| The editor is short of contributions (ie articles) for the May issue. 編輯缺少五月號刊物用的稿件. *| (fig 比喻) The signing of such a treaty would be a major contribution towards (ie would help greatly to bring about) world peace. 簽訂這樣一項條約, 是對世界和平的重大貢獻.

contributory

/ kEn5trIbjUtErI; ?@ -tR:rI; kEn`trIbjE9tRrI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] 1 helping to cause sth 促成

某事物的; 有助於某事物的: a contributory factor, cause, etc 起 促成 作用 的因 素、 原 因等 *|contributory negligence, eg that helped to cause an accident 共同過失（受傷一方因本身疏忽造成的事故）. 2 paid for by contributions 由捐助支付的: a con,tributory `pension scheme, ie paid for by both employers and employees 共集年金制（由雇主和職工共同出資）.

contrite

/ 5kCntraIt; `kBntraIt/ adj filled with or showing deep regret for having done wrong; repentant 痛悔前非的; 悔恨不已的: a contrite apology, manner 深表懊悔的致歉、 樣子 *| She was contrite the morning after her angry outburst. 她發了一頓脾氣之後一早上追悔莫及.

contritely

adv.

contrition

/ kEn5trIFn; kEn`trIFEn/ n [U] deep regret for having doing wrong; repentance 悔恨; 痛悔; 懺悔.

contrivance

/ kEn5traIvEns; kEn`traIvEns/ n 1 [C] ~ (for doing sth/to do sth) (a) device or tool, esp one made by an individual for a particular purpose 機械裝置或用具（尤指為某用途而特制之物）: a contrivance for cutting curved shapes 可作曲線切削的用具 *| He erected some contrivance for storing rain-water. 他裝設了一種貯存雨水的器具. (b) complicated or deceitful plan 計謀; 騙術: an ingenious contrivance to get her to sign the document without reading it 為使她不經過目就簽署文件的妙計. 2 [U] capacity to do or accomplish sth 能力: Some things are beyond human contrivance. 有些事情人們是無能為力的. 3 [U] action of contriving 發 明 ; 設 計 : the contrivance of an effective method 一種實用方法的產生.

contrive

/ kEn5traIv; kEn`traIv/ v (fml 文) 1 [Tn] plan (sth) cleverly or deceitfully; invent; design 謀劃或策劃（某事）; 發明; 設計: contrive a device, an experiment, a means of escape 設計一個裝置; 籌劃一項實驗; 策劃逃跑 *| contrive a way of avoiding paying tax 設法逃稅 *| Their sudden outburst was obviously genuine; it couldn't have been contrived. 他們突如其來的發作顯然是真的, 這是裝不出來的. 2 [Tt] manage (to do sth) in spite of difficulties 想盡辦法做某事物: contrive to live on a small income 靠菲薄的收入精打細算過日子 *| (ironic 反語) He contrived to 583make matters worse, ie unintentionally made

them worse by what he did. 他弄巧成拙.

contrived

adj (derog 貶) 1 planned in advance rather than being spontaneous or genuine 人為的; 策劃的; 非自發的; 虛假的: a contrived incident intended to mislead the newspapers 企圖蒙蔽報界的人為事件. 2 obviously invented; not lifelike 杜撰的; 缺乏真實性的: a novel with a very contrived plot 情節十分虛假的小說.

control

/ kEn5trEUl; kEn`trol/ n 1 [U] ~ (of/over sb/sth) power or authority to direct, order or limit （指揮、 命令或限制的）能力, 權力; 控制; 支配; 管理: children who lack parental control, ie are not kept in order by their parents 缺乏父母管教的孩子 *| He has no control over his emotions. 他控制不住自己的感情. *| In the latest elections our party has got/gained control (of the council). 在這次選舉中, 本黨獲得了（對議會的）控制權. *| She managed to keep control of her car on the ice. 她在冰上開車時, 盡力控制住了汽車. *| A military government took control (of the country). 軍政府接管了（國家）. *| The city is in/under the control of enemy forces. 該城現處於敵軍的控制之下. *| The pilot lost control of the plane. 飛行員失去了對飛機的控制. *| He got so angry he lost control (of himself), ie started to behave wildly. 他氣得無法自制. *|Due to circumstances beyond/outside our control, we cannot land here. 由於出現了我們無 法 控 制 的 情況 , 我 們不 能 在 此 著陸 . 2 [U] management; guidance; restriction 管制; 指導; 限制: control of traffic/traffic control 交通管制*| control of foreign exchange 外匯管理 *| She argued for import control, ie the restricting of imports. 她主張實行進口限制. *| [attrib 作定語] arms-control talks 軍備控制談判. 3 [C] ~ (on sth) means of limiting or regulating 限制或管理的手段: government controls on trade and industry 政府對工商業的管理措施 *| The arms trade should be subject to rigorous controls. 對軍火貿易應該嚴加限制. 4 [C] standard of comparison for checking the results of an experiment （實驗的）對照標準: One group was treated with the new drug, and a second group was treated with the old one as a control. 對一組使用新藥, 對另一組則使用舊藥以資對照. *|[attrib 作定語] a con`trol group 作為對照的一組.

5 [C usu pl 通常作復數] switches, levers, etc by which a machine is operated or regulated （機器的）操縱裝置（如開關、操縱桿等）: the controls of an aircraft, ie for direction, height, etc 飛行器的操縱裝置 *| The pilot is at the controls. 飛行員在掌握操縱儀. *| the volume control of a radio, ie the one which regulates loudness 收音機的音量調節器 *| a studio with an array of electronic controls 有一系列電子控制裝置的播音室 *| [attrib 作定語] a control panel, board, lever, etc 操縱盤、板、桿等. 6 [sing] place from which orders are issued or at which checks are made 指揮部 ; 檢查 站 : Mission control ordered the spacecraft to return to earth. 指揮部命令宇宙飛船返回地球. *| Our papers are checked as we go through passport control at the airport. 我們通過機場查驗護照的關卡時, 查驗了我們的證件. 7 (idm 習語) be in control (of sth) direct, manage or rule (sth) 指揮、 管理或支配（某事物）: She may be old, but she's still in control (of all that is happening). 她盡管人已老了, 然而仍由她掌管（一切事情）. *| Who's in control of the project? 誰是這個項目的負責人? *| Enemy forces are in control of the city. 敵軍控 制 著 這 座 城 市 . be/get out of con`trol be/become no longer manageable 失去控制: The children are out of control. 管不住這些孩子了. *| Inflation has got out of control. 通貨膨脹已失去控制. bring/get sth/be under con`trol subdue or master sth/be subdued or mastered 抑 制 ; 控 制 : You must get your spending under control. 你必須節制開支. *|The fire has been brought under control. 火勢已受到控制. *| Don't worry; everything's under control, ie all difficulties are being dealt with. 別擔心, 一切都在控制之下.

control tower

building at an airport from which the taking off and landing of aircraft is controlled （機場的）指揮塔, 指揮調度臺; 塔臺.

control

/ kEn5trEUl; kEn`trol/ v (-ll-) [Tn] 1 have power or authority over (sb/sth) 控制, 操縱, 管理, 支配（某人[某事物]）: a dictator who controlled the country for over 50 years 統治該國達 50 多年之久的獨裁者 *| Can't you control that child (ie make it behave properly)? 你管不了那個孩子嗎? *| an aircraft which is hard to control at high speeds 高速飛行難以控制的飛機 *| I was so 584furious I couldn't control myself, and I hit him.

我氣得不得了, 就打了他. 2 regulate (sth) 管理

（ 某 事 物 ） : control traffic, immigration, supplies, prices 管理交通、 移民事務、 物資供

應、 物價 *| This knob controls the radio's

volume. 這 個 旋 鈕 可 調 節 收 音 機 的 音 量 . *|

government efforts to control inflation, ie stop

it getting worse 政府控制通貨膨脹的努力. 3

check (sth); verify 檢查（某事物）; 檢驗: regular

inspections to control product quality 對產品

質量的常規檢查.

controllable

adj that can be controlled 可控制的; 可操縱的;

可管理的; 可支配的: Drugs can make violent

patients controllable. 麻醉藥可使狂躁病人安靜

下來.

controller

n person who controls or directs sth, esp a

department or division of a large organization

（尤指大機構中部門的）負責人: the controller of

BBC Radio 英國廣播公司廣播電臺負責人 *| an

air-traffic controller 航空調度員.

controlling interest

(finance 財) possession of enough stock(5b) of

a company to control decision-making 控股權

益: have a controlling interest in a company 在

某公司中有控股權益.

controversial

/ 9kCntrE5v:Fl; 9kBntrE`v[FEl/ adj causing or likely

to cause controversy 引起或可能引起爭論的: a

controversial person, decision, organization, book 有爭議的人物、 決定、 組織、 書.

controversialist

/ -FElIst; -FElIst/ n (fml 文) person who is good at

or fond of controversy 善辯者; 好辯者.

controversially

/ -FElI; -FElI/ adv.

controversy

/ 5kCntrEv:sI, kEn5trCvEsI; `kBntrE9v[sI/ n [U, C] ~

(about/over sth) public discussion or

argument, often rather angry, about sth which

many people disagree with 公開辯論; 論戰:

The appointment of the new director aroused

a lot of controversy, ie Many people publicly

disagreed with it. 新負責人的任命引起了激烈的

爭論. *| a bitter controversy about/over the

siting of the new airport 對新機場選址問題的劇

烈爭論.

controvert

/ 9kCntrE5v:t; `kBntrE9v[t/ v [Tn] (fml 文) deny the

truth of (sth); argue about 否定（某事物）; 爭

論; 反駁: a fact that cannot be controverted 無可置辯的事實.

contumacious

/ 9kCntju:5meIFEs; ?@ -tu:-; 9kBntu`meFEs/ adj (fml 文) obstinate and disobedient 固執的; 桀驁不馴的; 頑抗的.

contumaciously

adv.

contumacy

/ 5kCntjUmEsI; ?@ kEn5tu:mEsI; `kBntumEsI/ n (fml 文) (a) [U] obstinate resistance or disobedience 頑抗; 抗命. (b) [C] instance of this 頑抗.

contumely

/ 5kCntju:mlI; ?@ kEn5tu:mElI; `kBntJ9milI/ n (fml 文) (a) [U] insulting language or treatment 無禮的言辭或行為. (b) [C] instance of this; humiliating insult 侮慢無禮.

contuse

/ kEn5tju:z; ?@ -5tu:z; kEn`tuz/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被動語態] (medical 醫) injure (a part of the body) without breaking the skin; bruise 挫傷（身體某部）; 使產生青腫.

contusion

/ kEn5tju:Vn; ?@ -5tu:-; kEn`tjuVEn/ n (medical 醫) bruise 挫傷; 青腫.

conundrum

/ kE5nQndrEm; kE`nQndrEm/ n 1 question, usu with a pun in its answer, that is asked for fun; riddle 問題（答案通常為雙關語的）; 謎語. 2 puzzling problem 傷腦筋的問題: an issue that is a real conundrum for the experts 使專家們大傷腦筋的問題.

conurbation

/ 9kCn:5beIFn; 9kBnL`beFEn/ n large urbanarea formed by the expansion and joining together of several smaller towns 集合城市（由幾個小城鎮擴展連合而構成大的城市區域）.

convalesce

/ 9kCnvE5les; 9kBnvE`lZs/ v [I] regain one's health and strength after an illness 恢復健康和體力; 康復: She went to the seaside to convalesce after her stay in hospital. 她經過住院治療後, 前往海濱養病.

convalescence

/ 9kCnvE5lesns; 9kBnvE`lZsns/ n [sing, U] (period of) gradual recovery of health and strength 康復（期）.

convalescent

/ 9kCnvE5lesnt;9kBnvE`lZsnt/ n, adj (person who is) recovering from illness 康復中的（病人）: a convalescent home, ie a type of hospital where 585people convalesce 療養所.

convection

/ kEn5vekFn; kEn`vZkFEn/ n [U] transmission of heat from one part of a liquid or gas to another by the movement of heated substances （熱的）對流.

convector

/ kEn5vektE(r); kEn`vZktL/ n (also con,vector`heater) room heater that warms air by passing it over hot surfaces and then circulates it 對流加熱器.

convene

/ kEn5vi:n; kEn`vin/ v 1 [Tn] summon (people) to come together; arrange (a meeting, etc) 召集（人們）; 召開（會議等）: convene the members, a committee, etc 召集成員、 委員會會議等. 2 [I] come together (for a meeting, etc) 集合（開會等）: The tribunal will convene tomorrow. 法庭將於明日開庭.

convener (also convenor)

n (a) person who convenes meetings （會議）召集人. (b) (Brit) senior trade union official in a factory or some other place of work 工會領導人: the works convenor 該廠的工會領導人.

convenience

/ kEn5vi:nIEns; kEn`vinjEns/ n 1 [U] quality of being convenient or suitable; freedom from trouble or difficulty 方便; 便利; 適宜; 省事: a library planned for the users' convenience 旨在方便讀者的圖書館 *| I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. 我把參考書放在書桌旁 用 著 方 便 . *| It was a marriage of convenience, ie They married for material advantage, not for love. 那是一門貪圖財利的親事. 2 [C] (a) arrangement, appliance or device that is useful, helpful or suitable 有用、 有益或適宜的安排、 用具或設施: It was a great convenience to have the doctor living near us. 有醫生住在我們附近真是太方便了. *| The house has all the modern conveniences, eg central heating, hot water supply, etc. 這所房屋有各種現代化的設施（如集中供暖、 熱水供應等設備）. (b) (Brit euph 婉 ) lavatory for the use of the general public （公共）廁所: There is a public convenience on the corner of the street. 在街道的拐角處有公共廁所. 3 (idm 習語) at one's con`venience when and where it suits one 在方便的時候及在適宜的地方: With a caravan, you can stop at your own convenience; you're not dependent on hotels. 開著一輛大篷車, 可以隨意停 下 來 , 不 用 住 旅 館 . at your earliest

con`venience => early. a flag of convenience => flag1.

convenience food

food (eg in a tin, packet, etc) that needs very litttle preparation after being bought 方便食品.

convenient

/ kEn5vi:nIEnt; kEn`vinjEnt/ adj ~ (for sb/sth) 1 fitting in well with people's needs or plans; giving no trouble or difficulty; suitable 適合需要的; 方便的; 省心的; 省事的; 合適的: I can't see him now; it's not convenient. 我現在不便見他. *| Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow? 你明天開始工作方便嗎? *| We must arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting. 我們必須安排一個合適的時間和地點開會. *| A bicycle's often far more convenient than a car in busy cities. 在熱鬧的都市里騎自行車往往比坐汽車方便得多. 2 situated nearby; easily accessible 近便的; 容易到達的: (infml 口) a house that is convenient for (ie is near) the shops 靠近店 的房屋 *| It's useful to have a convenient supermarket. 附近有家超級市場實在方便.

conveniently

adv in a convenient manner 方便地: My house is conveniently near a bus-stop. 我家離公共汽車站不遠, 非常方便.

convent

/ 5kCnvEnt; ?@ -vent; `kBnvZnt/ n building(s) in which a community of nuns lives 女修道院: enter a convent, ie become a nun 當修女 *|[attrib 作定語] a convent school, ie one run by nuns 修女會開辦的學校. Cf 參看 monastery, nunnery (nun).

convention

/ kEn5venFn; kEn`vZnFEn/ n 1 [C] conference of members of a profession, political party, etc （某一職業、 政黨等之人士召開的）大會: a teachers', dentists', etc convention 教師的、 牙科醫生的會議 *| hold a convention 召開大會 *|the US Democratic Party Convention, ie to elect a candidate for President 美國民主黨代表大會（會上選出總統候選人）. 2 (a) [U] general, usu unspoken, agreement about how people should act or behave in certain circumstances （ 某 種 情 況 下 的 ） 習 俗 , 慣 例 : Convention dictates that a minister should resign in such a situation. 依照常規大臣在這種情況下應該辭職. *| By convention the deputy leader is always a woman. 按照慣例這一領導人的副職總是由女子擔任. *| defy convention by wearing outrageous 586clothes 穿著奇裝異服以對抗習俗 *| a slave to

convention, ie sb who always follows accepted ways of doing things 傳統的奴隸（墨守成規的人）.

(b) [C] customary practice 慣常作法; 慣例: the conventions which govern stock-market dealing 證券交易所遵循的慣例. 3 [C] agreement between states, rulers, etc that is less formal than a treaty （國家、 首腦等之間的）協議, 協定 : the Geneva Convention, ie about the treatment of prisoners of war, etc （關於戰俘待遇等問題的）日內瓦協定.

conventional

/ kEn5venFEnl; kEn`vZnFEnl/ adj 1 (a) (often derog 常作貶義) based on convention(2a) 依照慣例的; 約定俗成的; 因循守舊的: conventional clothes, behaviour 老一套的衣物、 行為 *| She's so conventional in her views. 她的觀點太保守. *|He made a few conventional remarks about the weather. 他說了幾句關於天氣的客套話. *|The conventional wisdom is that high wage rises increase inflation, ie That is the generally accepted view. 人們普遍認同的看法是工資增長過 快 會 加劇 通 貨膨 脹 . (b) following what is traditional or customary 依照傳統的; 符合習俗的: a conventional design, method 傳統的式樣、方法. 2 (esp of weapons) not nuclear （尤指武器）常規的, 非核的: conventional missiles, warfare, etc 常 規 的 導 彈 、 戰 爭 等 *| a conven-tional power station, ie fuelled by oil or coal, rather than being powered by a nuclear reactor 使用普通燃料的發電廠（以石油或煤為燃料而非使用核動力的）.

conventionality

/ kEn9venFEn5lEtI; kEn9vZnFEn`AlEtI/ n (a) [U] conventional quality or character 傳統性; 因循性: the timid conventionality of his designs 他在設計中對傳統的亦步亦趨. (b) [C] conventional remark, attitude, etc 因循守舊的言語、 態度等.

conventionalize, -ise

/ kEn5venFEnElaIz; kEn`vZn-FEnl9aIz/ v [Tn] make (sb/sth) conventional 使（某人[某事物]）符合慣例.

conventionally

/ -FEnElI; -FEnlI/ adv: conventionally dressed, designed, etc 傳統穿戴的、 式樣的等.

converge

/ kEn5v:dV; kEn`v[dV/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (on sb/sth); ~ (at sth) (of lines, moving objects, etc) (come towards each other and) meet at a point （指線條、 運動的物體等）會於一點, 向一點會合; 聚集: armies converging on the capital city 向首

都集結的各路軍隊 *| Parallel lines converge at infinity. 平行線永不相交. *| Enthusiasts from around the world converge on (ie come to) Le Mans for the annual car race. 熱心的觀眾從世界各地涌到勒芒市觀看一年一度的汽車比賽. 2 [I] (fig 比喻) (tend to) become similar or identical （趨於）相似或相同: Our previously opposed views are beginning to converge. 我們原來相互對立的觀點開始趨於一致. *| Some say that capitalism and socialism will eventually converge. 有人說資本主義和社會主義最終會合而為一.

convergence

/ kEn5v:dVEns; kEn`v[dVEns/ n [U].convergent/ kEn5v:dVEnt; kEn`v[dVEnt/ adj: convergentlines, opinions 相交的線條; 趨於一致的意見. =>illus 見插圖. Cf 參看 diverge.

conversant

/ kEn5v:snt; kEn`vLsnt/ adj [pred 作表語] ~ with sth (fml 文) having knowledge of sth; familiar with sth （對某事物）精通, 熟悉: thoroughly conversant with all the rules 對所有的規則了如指掌.

conversation

/ 9kCnvE5seIFn; 9kBnvL`seFEn/ n ~ (with sb) (about sth) (a) [C] informal talk 交談; 談話; 談天:

having a quiet conversation with a friend 跟朋友靜靜地談天 *| She tended to monopolize the conversation. 她說個沒完, 使別人插不上嘴. (b) [U] informal talking 交談; 談話; 談天: He was deep in conversation with his accountant. 他與會計深入交談. *| It can be very difficult, making conversation at a party, ie trying to think of things to say. 在聚會時有時很難找話題跟人應酬. =>Usage at talk1 用法見 talk1.

conversational

/ -FEnl; -FEnl/ adj (a) [attrib 作定語] of talking 談話的: her limited conversational powers 她那有限 的 口 才 . (b) appropriate to conversation; colloquial 適 用 於 會 話 的 ; 口 語 的 : a conversational tone, manner, etc 會話語調、方式等.

conversationalist

/ -FEnElIst; -FEnlIst/ n talker 交談者: a fluent conversationalist 健談的人.

converse

/ kEn5v:s; kEn`v[s/ v [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (with sb) (about sth); ~ (together) (fml 文) talk 交談: She sat conversing with the President. 她坐著與總統交談.

587converse

/ 5kCnv:s; `kBnv[s/ the converse n [sing] 1 the

opposite 相反的事物: He says she is satisfied, but I believe the converse to be true: she is

very dissatisfied. 他說她已心滿意足了, 不過我認

為 實 際 情 況 相 反 : 她 很 不 滿 意 . 2 (in logic)

statement made by reversing two elements of

another statement （邏輯學）反題（將一語句中

的兩個成分顛倒後所成的語句）: `He is happy but

not rich' is the converse of `He is rich but not

happy'. ｀他樂而不富＇是｀他富而不樂＇的反題.

converse

adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] opposite to sth 與

（某事物）相反的; 逆的: They hold converse

opinions. 他們持相反意見.

conversely

adv: You can add the fluid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the fluid. 可以將液體

加到粉末里, 或者相反, 將粉末加到液體里.

conversion

/ kEn5v:Fn; ?@ kEn5v:rVn; kEn`v[VEn/ n ~ (from sth)

(into/to sth) 1 [U] converting or being

converted 轉變; 變換: the conversion of a barn

into a house, of pounds into dollars 倉房之改

建為寓所、 英鎊之兌換成美元 *| Conversion to

gas central heating will save you a lot of

money. 改用煤氣集中供暖將節省大筆開支. *|

[attrib 作定語] a metric conversion table, ie

showing how to change metric amounts into

or out of another system, by calculation 公制

換算表. 2 [C] instance of this 轉變: a building

firm which specializes in house conversions, eg converting large houses into several flats 專

營改建房屋的建筑公司（如將大房屋改建為幾個單

元者） *| He kicked a penalty goal and two

conversions, ie in Rugby football. 他一次罰球得

分, 兩次觸地後射門得分（在橄欖球賽中）. *| He

used to support monetarist economics, but he

underwent quite a conversion (ie changed his

opinion) when he saw how it increased

unemployment. 他一向贊同貨幣經濟理論, 然而

當他看到這種理論加重了失業現象之後, 他徹底改

變了看法.

convert

/ kEn5v:t; kEn`v[t/ v 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth)

(from sth) (into/to sth) change (sth) from one

form or use to another 改變（某事物）的形式或

用途: Britain converted to a decimal currency

system in 1971. 英國於 1971 年改行十進制貨幣

體系. *| a ferry that was converted to carry

troops during the war 戰爭期間改作運兵船的渡

輪 *| a converted flat, ie made by dividing up a large house 改建而成的一套房間（將大的房屋分隔而成者） *| convert rags into paper, a house into flats, pounds into francs 用碎布屑造紙、把一所房屋改建成幾個單元、 把英鎊兌換成法郎 *|The room was converted from a kitchen to a lavatory. 這房間由廚房改成了廁所. (b) [Ipr] ~ into/to sth be able to be changed from one form or use to another 可改變形式或用途: a sofa that converts (in) to a bed 可改為床鋪的沙發. 2 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sb) (from sth) (to sth) change one's beliefs, esp one's religion; persuade sb to change his beliefs （使）改變信仰 （ 尤 指 宗 教 信 仰 ） : He's converted to Catholicism. 他已皈依天主教. *| convert sb from atheism to Christianity 使某人放棄無神論, 改信基督教. 3 [Tn] (in Rugby football) gain extra points after scoring (a try) by kicking a goal （在橄欖球賽中）（觸地得分後再射）踢中球門獲得附加分. 4 (idm 習語) preach to the converted => preach.

converter, convertor

ns 1 (physics 物) (a) device for converting alternating current to direct current or vice versa 變流器, 逆變器. (b) device that changes the wavelength of a radio signal 變頻器. 2 vessel for refining molten metal 轉爐（冶煉金屬的容器）.

convert

/ 5kCnv:t; `kBnv[t/ n ~ (to sth) person converted to a different belief, esp a different religion 改變信仰（尤指宗教信仰）的人; 皈依者: a convert to socialism 改而信奉社會主義的人 *| Already the new newspaper is winning/gaining converts, ie people who used to read other newspapers.

這家新報紙已經逐漸把其他報紙的讀者爭取過來.

convertible

/ kEn5v:tEbl; kEn`v[tEbl/ adj ~ (into/to sth) that can be converted 可改變的; 可轉換的; 可兌換的:

a sofa that is convertible (into a bed) 可改（為床鋪）的沙發 *| convertible currencies, ie that can be exchanged for those of other countries 可兌換的貨幣.

convertibility

/ kEn9v:tE5bIlEtI; kEn9v[tE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. convertible n car with a roof that can be folded down or removed 摺篷汽車.

convex

/ 5kCnveks; `kBnvZks/ adj with a curved surface like the outside of a ball 凸圓的; 凸面的: a convex lens, mirror, etc 凸透鏡; 凸面鏡等. 588=>illus at concave 見 concave 之插圖. Cf 參看

concave.

convexity

/ kCn5veksEtI; kEn`vZksEtI/ n [U] state of being convex 凸; 凸狀.

convey

/ kEn5veI; kEn`ve/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from...) (to...) (fml 文 ) take sb/sth; carry sb/sth; transmit sb/sth 運載; 運送某人[某物]: Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators. 通過管道把熱水從鍋爐輸送到散熱器里. *| This train conveys both passengers and goods. 這列火車既載人又載貨. *| a message conveyed by radio 由無線電傳遞的訊息. 2 [Tn, Tf, Tw, Dn.pr, Dpr.f, Dpr.w] ~ sth (to sb) make (ideas, feelings, etc) known to another person 表達或傳達（思想、 感情等）: a poem that perfectly conveys (to the reader) the poet's feelings/what the poet feels （向讀者）充分地表達出詩人思想感情的詩篇 *| Words cannot convey how delighted I was. 言辭無法表達我內心的喜悅. *| Please convey my good wishes to your mother. 請 向 您 母親 轉 達我 的 祝愿 . *|Blenkinsop? No, the name doesn't convey anything to me, ie I do not know or recognize it. Blenkinsop?我不知道這個名字. 3 [Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) (law 律) transfer full legal rights to the ownership of (land, property, etc) to sb 轉讓（土地、 財產等）.

conveyor, conveyer

ns person or thing that conveys 運送者; 傳送者; 傳達者; 轉讓者; 運輸設備; 傳送裝置: one of the largest conveyors of passenger traffic 最大的客運工具之一. con`veyor belt (also conveyor) continuous belt or band that moves on rollers and is used for transporting loads (eg products in a factory, luggage at an airport) 傳送帶.

conveyance

/ kEn5veIEns; kEn`veEns/ n 1 [U] (fml 文) conveying 運送; 傳送; 傳達; 轉讓: the conveyance of goods by rail 鐵路貨運. 2 [C] (fml 文) thing that conveys; vehicle 運輸設備; 運載工具; 車輛: old-fashioned conveyances 老式運載工具 *| a public conveyance 公共運輸設備. 3 (law 律) (a) [U] conveying property 轉讓財產: an expert in conveyance 承辦產權轉讓事務的專家. (b) [C] document that conveys property 產權轉讓證書: draw up a conveyance 擬就產權轉讓證書.

conveyancer

n person who prepares conveyances

(conveyance 3b) 備辦產權轉讓證書的人員.

conveyancing

n [U] conveying of property 財產的轉讓.

convict

/ kEn5vIkt; kEn`vIkt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (of sth) (of a jury or judge) declare in a lawcourt that sb is guilty (of a crime) （指陪審團或法官）宣判某人有（...）罪: She has twice been convicted (of fraud). 她已有兩次被判（詐騙）罪. *| a convicted murderer 已定罪的謀殺犯.

convict

/ 5kCnvIkt; `kBnvIkt/ (also infml 口語亦作 con) n person who has been convicted of crime and is being punished, esp by imprisonment 已決犯; （已定罪并服刑的, 尤指監禁的）囚犯: an escaped convict 逃犯.

conviction

/ kEn5vIkFn; kEn`vIkFEn/ n 1 ~ (for sth) (a) [U] the convicting of a person for a crime 定罪; 科刑: an offence which carries, on conviction, a sentence of not more than five years' imprisonment 定罪後可判處五年以下監禁的罪行.

(b) [C] instance of this 定罪: She has six convictions for theft. 她有六次因盜竊而被判刑. 2 [U, C] ~ (that...) firm opinion or belief 堅定的看 法或信仰 : It's my conviction (ie I firmly believe) that complacency is at the root of our troubles. 我深信自滿情緒是我們各種問題的根源. *| Do you always act in accordance with your convictions? 你是否一貫地本著你的信念行事? 3 [U] believable quality 可信性: She'd made such promises before, and they lacked conviction/didn't carry much conviction. 她以前也作過這樣的許諾, 但都不足信. 4 (idm 習語) be open to conviction => open1. have/lack the courage of one's convictions => courage.

convince

/ kEn5vIns; kEn`vIns/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.f] ~ sb (of sth) make sb feel certain; cause sb to realize 使某人確信; 使某人明白: How can I convince you (of her honesty)? 我怎樣才能使你相信（她很誠實）呢? *| What she said convinced me that I was mistaken. 她的一番話使我認識到我錯了. *| I was convinced (ie sure) I saw you there, but it must have been someone else. 我原來真以為看見你在那里, 一定是看錯了人. 2 [Cn.t] (esp US) persuade 說服: What convinced you to vote for them? 究竟是什麼使得你愿意投他們的票?

convinced

adj [attrib 作定語] firm in one's belief 堅信不移 589的; 有堅定信仰的: a convinced Christian 虔誠的

基督徒.

convincible

/ kEn5vInsEbl; kEn`vInsEbl/ adj willing to be

convinced 可被說服的; 可喻之以理的.

convincing

adj that convinces 令人信服的: a convincing

speech, argument, liar 有說服力的講話、 言之

成 理 的 論 據 、 很 能 蠱 惑 人 的 瞎 話 大 王 等 .

convincingly adv: a convincingly argued

statement 雄辯的陳辭.

convivial

/ kEn5vIvIEl; kEn`vIvIEl/ adj (esp fml 尤作文雅語) 1

cheerful and sociable; fond of being with

others 愉 快 而 隨 和 的 ; 好 交 際 的 : convivial

companions 喜歡交際的朋友. 2 full of shared

pleasure and friendliness 聯歡的; 聯誼的: a

convivial evening, atmosphere 歡樂的夜晚、 氣

氛.

conviviality

/ kEn9vIvI5AlEtI; kEn9vIvI`AlEtI/ n [U] 1

cheerfulness; sociability 歡樂; 交游. 2 shared

pleasure, esp with drinking and eating 聯歡

（尤指飲宴作樂）.

convivially

/ -IElI; -IElI/ adv.

convocation

/ 9kCnvE5keIFn; 9kBnvE`keFEn/ n 1 [CGp] formal

assembly, esp the legislative body of the

Church of England or of the graduates of some

universities （正式的）集會（尤指英國國教會制

定規章的機構的會議或某些大學的畢業生評議會）:

Convocation has/have ruled that... 會議規定

如 下 .... 2 [U] (fml 文 ) convoking; calling

together 召集.

convoke

/ kEn5vEUk; kEn`vok/ v [Tn] (fml 文) call together or

summon (a meeting, etc) 召集, 召開（會議等）:

convoke Parliament 召開國會.

convoluted

/ 5kCnvElu:tId; `kBnvE9lutId/ adj 1 coiled; twisted 盤

繞的; 卷曲的: the convoluted folds of the brain

盤繞成團的腦回. 2 (fig 比喻) complicated and

difficult to follow 復雜的; 費解的: a convoluted

argument, explanation, etc 玄之又玄的論點、解釋等.

convolution

/ 9kCnvE5lu:Fn; 9kBnvE`luFEn/ n (usu pl 通常作復數)

coil; twist 盤繞; 拳曲: ornate carving with lots

of curves and convolutions 有很多曲線和 旋的

雕飾 *| (fig 比喻) the bizarre convolutions of

the plot 情節的離奇曲折.

convolvulus

/ kEn5vClvjUlEs; kEn`vBlvjElEs/ n (pl ~es) [C, U] type of twining plant with trumpet-shaped flowers 旋花植物（開喇叭狀的花）.

convoy

/ 5kCnvRI; `kBnvRI/ n 1 (a) group of vehicles or ships travelling together 車隊; 船隊: a large convoy of coal lorries 由運煤卡車組成的龐大車隊 . (b) group of vehicles or ships being escorted for protection while travelling 被護送的車隊或船隊: The convoy was attacked by submarines. 被護送的船隊受到了潛水艇的攻擊. 2 (idm 習語) in `convoy (of travelling vehicles) as a group; together （指行進中的交通工具）組成一隊; 結隊: The supply ships travelled in convoy. 補 給 船 結 隊 航 行 . under `convoy escorted by a protecting force 在護衛下: The missiles were moved under convoy. 導彈在護衛之下轉移.

convoy

/ 5kCnvRI; `kEnvRI/ v [Tn.pr, Tn.p] (esp of a warship) travel with (other ships) in a group to protect them; escort 尤指戰艦為（其他船只）護航: The troop ships were convoyed across the Atlantic. 運兵船被護送渡過大西洋. *| (fig 比喻) parents taking it in turns to convoy children to and from school while the attacker was on the losse 在該暴徒仍逍遙法外期間, 輪流護送孩子往返學校的家長.

convulse

/ kEn5vQls; kEn`vQls/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被動語態] cause (sb/sth) to make sudden violent uncontrollable movements 使（某人[某事物]）劇 烈 震 動 : convulsed with laughter, anger, toothache 笑得前仰後合、 氣得暴跳如雷、 牙齒疼得使臉抽搐變形 *| a country convulsed by earthquakes 遭受震災的國家 *| (fig 比喻) Riots convulsed the cities, ie caused violent disturbance. 動亂震撼著這些城市.

convulsion

/ kEn5vQlFn; kEn`vQlFEn/ n 1 (usu pl 通常作復數) sudden violent uncontrollable body movement, caused by contraction of muscles 痙攣; 抽搐:

The child reacted to the drug by going into convulsions. 這孩子全身痙攣, 對藥物有反應. 2 violent disturbance 大亂; 亂子: The leader's assassination led to political convulsions, eg an attempt at revolution. 領導人遇剌引起了政治 動 亂 . 3 convulsions [pl] uncontrollable 590laughter 捧腹大笑: The story was so funny it

had us in convulsions. 這故事滑稽極了, 使我們笑得不亦樂乎.

convulsive

/ kEn5vQlsIv; kEn`vQlsIv/ adj 1 having, producing or consisting of convulsions （產生）痙攣的; 抽搐的: a convulsive movement, spasm, etc 抽搐的動作、 發作等. 2 violently disturbing 大亂的: convulsive upheavals, such as urban riots 大動蕩, 如城市動亂.

convulsively

adv.

cony (also coney)

/ 5kEUnI; `konI/ n (pl conies) 1 [U] fur of the rabbit used to make coats, etc （做大衣等用的）兔毛皮. 2 [C] (arch 古) rabbit 兔子.

coo

/ ku:; ku/ v (pt, pp cooed/ ku:d; kud/, pres p cooing) 1 [I] (of a dove or pigeon) make its characteristic soft cry （指鴿子）發咕咕聲. 2 (infml 口) (a) [I] make a soft murmuring sound like that of a dove 發類似鴿叫的細語聲: a baby cooing 嬰兒的細語. (b) [Tn] say (sth) in a soft murmur 柔聲地說: `It will be all right,' she cooed soothingly. ｀就會好起來的,＇她輕柔地安慰說. 3 (idm 習語) bill and coo => bill2.

coo

n (pl coos) soft murmuring sound (like that) of a dove 鴿子的咕咕聲; 喁喁細語聲.

coo

/ ku:; ku/ interj (Brit infml 口) (used to express surprise 用以表示驚訝) .

cook

/ kUk; kJk/ v 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (for sb) prepare (food) by heating, eg boiling, baking, roasting, frying 烹調（如煮、 焙、 烤、炸）; 做飯菜: Where did you learn to cook? 你在 哪 里 學 的 烹 飪 ? *| These potatoes aren't (properly) cooked! 這些馬鈴薯還沒熟（透）! *| a cooked breakfast 做好了的早餐 *| He cooked me my dinner. 他給我做了飯. *| I like to cook (Chinese dishes) for my family. 我喜歡給家里人做（中國菜）飯.(b) [I] be prepared in this way 煮, 焙, 烤, 炸; 烹調: The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在做著. *| The meat cooks slowly. 肉熟得慢. *| These apples cook well, ie taste good when cooked. 這種蘋果宜於熟吃. =>Usage 見所附用法. 2 [Tn] (infml derog 口, 貶) alter (sth) secretly or dishonestly so as to deceive; falsify 竄改（某物）; 捏造: He was sent to prison for

cooking the books, ie dishonestly changing the financial records, esp for personal profit.

他因竄改帳目而入獄. *| cook the accounts, statistics, figures 竄改賬目、 統計資料、 數字. 3 [I] (used in the continuous tenses 用於進行時態) (infml 口) be planned; happen as a result of plotting 在籌劃中; （經過策劃而）發生: What's cooking? 發生了什麼事? *| Everybody is being secretive: there's something cooking. 每個人都鬼鬼祟祟, 一定出了什麼事情. 4 (idm 習語) ,cook the `books (infml 口) falsify facts or figures in order to make one's financial position seem better than it really is 偽造帳目; 做假帳. cook sb's `goose (infml 口) ensure that sb fails 使某人 徹 底 失 敗 : When the police found his fingerprints he knew his goose was cooked, ie knew that he would be caught. 警方發現了他的指紋, 他意識到自己已經完了. 5 (phr v) cook sth up (infml 口 ) invent sth, esp in order to deceive 編造某事物（尤指行騙）: cook up an excuse, a story, a bizarre theory, etc 編造藉口、故事、 怪論等.

cook

n 1 person who cooks food 廚師; 廚子; 炊事員: employed as a cook in a hotel 受雇為旅館廚師*| I'm not much of a cook, ie I don't cook well. 我做不好飯菜. *| Were you the cook? ie Did you cook this food? 是你做飯嗎? Cf 參看 chef. 2 (idm 習語) ,too many ,cooks ,spoil the `broth (saying 諺) if too many people are involved in sth, it will not be done properly 廚子多了做壞了湯（人多反倒誤事）: I know they only meant to help, but it was a case of too many `cooks, I'm afraid. 我知道他們一心想幫忙, 可惜人多反而壞了事.

cooking

n [U] process of preparing food by heating 烹調過程; 烹飪方法: She does all the cooking. 烹飪的事都由她做. *| Chinese `cooking 中國式烹飪 *| [attrib 作定語] `cooking apples, sherry, etc, ie apples, sherry, etc suitable for cooking rather than eating raw or drinking 烹飪用的蘋果、 雪利酒等.

cookbook

n = cookery book (cookery).

cookhouse

n detached or outdoor kitchen, eg in a camp 獨立的或露天的廚房（如野營時搭蓋的廚房）.

cook

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: When cooking we 591generally use 1 boiling water (in a saucepan)

or 2 boiling fat/oil (in a frying-pan) or 3 dry heat (in an oven or under a grill). 使用 cook 一詞時, 一般是指用（1）沸水（置於深鍋中）或（2）熱的動[植]物油（置於煎鍋中）或（3）直接加熱（置於烤爐中或烤架上）. 1 We boil vegetables, eggs, rice, etc by covering them with water and heating it. 將蔬菜、 雞蛋、 大米等浸於水中煮叫boil. *|We steam fish, puddings, etc by placing the food above boiling water. 將魚、 布丁等置於沸水上蒸叫 steam. *|2 Meat, fish, vegetables, etc can be fried in shallow oil or fat. 將肉、 魚、蔬 菜 等 放 在 少 許 植 物 油 或 動 物 油 里 煎 叫 fry. *|Chips, chicken pieces, etc can be completely covered by oil and deep-fried. 將土豆條、 雞塊等 完 全 浸 入 油 中 炸 叫 deep-fry. *|We saute vegetables very quickly in a small amount of oil. 用少量油將蔬菜很快一炒叫 saute. *|3 We roast large pieces of meat, potatoes, etc and we bake bread, cakes, etc in the oven. 在烤箱里烘烤大塊的肉、 土豆等叫 roast, 烘烤面包、 糕餅等叫 bake. *|Small or flat pieces of meat, fish, etc are grilled (US broiled) by being placed under direct heat. 將小塊的或切成片的肉、 魚等置於發熱器下面烘烤叫 grill（美式英語叫 broil）. *|Boil, fry, roast and bake can be used in two types of sentence *|boil、 fry、 roast、 bake可用於以下兩種句型: We boil potatoes and The potatoes are boiling. Steam, saute and grill are generally only used in the first pattern.

*|steam、 saute、 grill 一般只用於以上第一種句型. With boil we often use the container to refer to its contents 用 boil 時常以容器借代其所盛之物: The kettle's boiling. 鍋開了.

cooker

/ 5kUkE(r); `kJkL/ n 1 kitchen appliance for cooking, consisting of an oven with a hob on top and often also a grill 爐具（包括爐子、 爐子上的擱架, 常帶有烤架）: a `gas cooker 煤氣爐 *|an e`lectric cooker 電爐. Cf 參看 stove 1. 2 type of fruit, esp an apple, grown for cooking 烹飪用的水果（尤指蘋果）: These apples are good cookers. 這些蘋果宜於烹飪. Cf 參看 eating apple (eat).

cookery

/ 5kUkErI; `kJkErI/ n [U] art and practice of cooking 烹調技術; 烹飪方法: [attrib 作定語] a cookery course, school, etc 烹飪課程、 學校等.

cookery book (also `cookbook)

book giving recipes and instructions on cooking 烹飪書; 食譜.

cookie (also cooky)

/ 5kUkI; `kJkI/ (pl -kies) n (US) 1 biscuit 餅乾. 2 (infml 口) person 人; 家伙: He's a tough cookie. 他是個硬漢子. 3 (idm 習語) that's the way the cookie crumbles => way1.

cool

/ ku:l; kul/ adj (-er, -est) 1 (a) fairly cold; not hot or warm 涼的; 不熱的: a cool breeze, day, surface 涼爽的微風、 一天、 表面 *| cool autumn weather 秋涼天氣 *| Let's sit in the shade and keep cool. 咱們坐在蔭涼處乘乘涼吧. *| The coffee's not cool enough to drink. 咖啡還不夠涼, 不能喝. (b) giving a (usu pleasant) feeling of being not too warm 涼快的; 涼爽的: a cool room, dress, etc 涼爽的房間、 連衣裙等 *|a cool cotton shirt 涼快的棉布襯衫. (c) (of colours) suggesting coolness （指顏色）給人以涼爽感覺的, 冷色的: a room painted in cool greens and blues 涂上能給人以涼爽感覺的綠色和藍色的房間. 2 calm; unexcited 冷靜的; 鎮定的: Keep cool! 保持冷靜! *| She always remains cool, calm and collected in a crisis. 她在危難中總能保持冷靜、 平靜和鎮靜. *| He has a cool head, ie doesn't get agitated. 他頭腦冷靜（不易沖動）. 3 ~ (about sth); ~ (towards sb) not showing interest, enthusiasm or friendliness 冷淡的; 冷漠的; 冷冰冰的: She was decidedly cool about the proposal. 她對這個提議漠然置之. *| They gave the Prime Minister a cool reception. 他們 很冷 淡地 接待 了這 位首 相 . 4 calmly bold or impudent 滿不在乎的; 厚顏無恥的: You should have seen the cool way she took my radio without even asking. 你沒瞧見她那滿不在乎的樣子, 連問也不問就把我的收音機拿走了. 5 [attrib 作定語] (infml 口) (said esp of sums of money, distances, etc, emphasizing their largeness 附加於錢、 距離等數目之 前以強調其數目之大): The car cost a cool twenty thousand. 這輛汽車足足兩萬元. 6 (dated sl 舊, 俚 esp US) pleasant; fine 令人愉快的; 棒的: Her guy's real cool. 她的男朋友真帥. 7 (idm 習語) (as) ,cool as a `cucumber very calm and controlled, esp in difficult circumstances （尤指在困難情況下）從容不迫的; 泰然自若的. a cool `customer (infml 口) calmly bold or impudent person 行若無事的人; 無恥之徒: She just took out her purse and paid a thousand in cash: what a cool customer! 她從容地掏出錢夾付了一千鎊現金, 多麼豪爽! play it `cool (infml 口) deal 592calmly with a situation; not get excited 泰然處

之.

cool

n 1 the cool [sing] cool air or place; coolness 涼爽的空氣或地方; 涼快: step out of the sun into the cool 到蔭涼處去躲避烈日 *| the pleasant cool of the evening 傍晚時的涼爽宜人. 2 (idm 習語) keep/lose one's cool (infml 口) remain calm/get excited, angry, etc 保持冷靜[情不自禁、 怒不可遏]等.

coolly

/ 5ku:llI; `kullI/ adv in a cool1(3) way 冷淡地; 冷漠地; 冷冰冰地: He received my suggestion coolly, ie unenthusiastically. 他對待我的建議十分冷淡.

coolness

n [U] quality of being cool1(3) 冷淡; 冷漠; 冷冰冰: I noticed a certain coolness (ie lack of friendliness) between them. 我察覺到他們彼此有些冷淡.

cool-headed

adj calm; not flustered or excitable 頭腦冷靜的; 不慌不忙的.

cool

/ ku:l; kul/ v 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth/sb) (down/off) become or make cool or cooler （使）變 涼 : The hot metal contracts as it cools (down). 熱的金屬一冷（下來）就收縮. *| Let the hot pie cool (off) before serving. 熱餡餅涼了再吃. *| A cooling drink is welcome on a hot day. 在熱 天 清 涼 飲 料 很 受 歡 迎 . *| (fig 比 喻 ) Her unresponsiveness failed to cool his ardour. 她對他無動於衷, 這并未能冷卻他的感情. 2 (idm 習語) `cool it (sl 俚) calm down 冷靜下來: Cool it! Don't get so excited! 靜 一 靜 吧 ! 別 那 麼 激動! ,cool one's `heels be kept waiting 等下去: Let him cool his heels for a while: that'll teach him to be impolite. 讓他等一會兒吧, 好教訓教訓他別那麼沒禮貌. 3 (phr v) cool (sb) down/off (cause sb to) become calm, less excited or less enthusiastic （使某人）冷靜、 鎮靜或降低熱情: She's very angry; don't speak to her until she's cooled down a bit. 她氣極了, 等她消消氣再跟她說話. *| A day in jail cooled him off. 一天的鐵窗生活使他冷靜了下來.

cooling-off

period (in industrial disputes) compulsory delay before a strike, to allow a compromise to be reached （勞資糾紛中的）冷卻期.

cooling tower

large container used in industry to cool water

before it is re-used 冷卻塔.

coolant

/ 5ku:lEnt; `kulEnt/ n [C, U] (type of) fluid used for cooling (eg in nuclear reactors) 冷卻劑.

cooler

/ 5ku:lE(r); `kulL/ n 1 [C] container in which things are cooled 冷卻器: a wine cooler 冰酒器.

2 the cooler [sing] (sl 俚) prison 牢房: two years in the cooler 兩年監禁.

coolie

/ 5ku:lI; `kulI/ n (dated derog 舊 , 諱 , 貶 ) unskilled Asian labourer （亞洲的）苦力.

coon

/ ku:n; kun/ n 1 (infml 口 esp US) raccoon 浣熊:

[attrib 作定語] a coon-skin cap 浣熊皮的帽子. 2 ( sl derog 諱, 俚, 貶) black person 黑人.

coop

/ ku:p; kup/ n cage for poultry （家禽的）籠子.

coop

v (phr v) coop sb/sth up (in sth) (usu passive 通 常 用 於 被 動 語 態 ) restrict the freedom of sb/sth by keeping him/it inside; confine sb/sth 將某人[某物]關入（...內）以限制其自由; 拘禁某人[某物]: I've been cooped up indoors all day. 我在屋里關了一整天.

cooper

/ 5ku:pE(r); `kupL/ n maker of barrels 桶匠.

co-operate, cooperate

/ kEU5CpEreIt; ko`BpE9ret/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) (in doing/to do sth); ~ (with sb) (on sth) work or act together with another or others （與他人）合作, 協作: co-operate with one's friends in raising/to raise money 與朋友合作集資 *| The two schools are co-operating on the project. 這兩所學校在這一項目上進行協作. 2 [I] be helpful and do as one is asked 配合; 協助: `If you co-operate we'll let you go,' said the policeman. ｀你只要協助我們, 就放你走,＇警察說道.

co-operator

n.

co-operation, cooperation

/ kEU9CpE5reIFn; ko9BpE`reFEn/ n [U] 1 ~ (with sb) (in doing sth/on sth); ~ (between A and B) (in doing sth/on sth) acting or working together for a common purpose 合作; 協作: a report produced by the Government in co-operation with the chemical industry 政府在化工部門的配合下所提出的一份報告 *| co-operation between the police and the public in catching the criminal 在追捕罪犯過程中警方與公眾之間的相互配合. 2 willingness to be helpful and do as 593one is asked 樂於協助或配合的態度: Please

clear the gangways, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for your co-operation. 女士們、 先生們: 請別堵住通道. 謝謝諸位大力協助.

co-operative, cooperative

/ kEU5CpErEtIv; ko`BpErEtIv/ adj 1 [usu attrib 通常作定語] marked by co-operation; joint 合作性質的; 聯營的: a co-operative venture, attempt, etc 合作的企業、 嘗試等. 2 willing to be helpful 愿意協助的: The school was very co-operative when we made a film there. 我們到該校拍攝影片時, 獲校方大力協助. 3 [usu attrib 通常作定語] (commerce 商 ) owned and run by those participating, with profits shared by them 共同掌握所有權和管理權并分享其利的; 合作的: a co-operative farm 合 作 農 場 *| The co-operative movement started in Britain in the 19th century; co-operative societies set up shops to sell low-priced goods to poor people.

19 世紀英國開始了合作社運動, 許多合作機構開辦商店向貧民出售廉價物品.

co-operative

n co-operative(3) business or other organization 合作企業或其他組織: agricultural co-operatives in India and China 印度和中國的農業合作社 *| The bicycle factory is now a workers' co-operative. 這家自行車制造廠現在是工人的集體企業. *| a housing co-operative, ie in which a house or group of houses is jointly owned by those who live there 住宅業主團體（其住宅之所有權屬於全體住戶）.

co-operatively

adv.

co-opt, coopt

/ kEU5Cpt; ko`Bpt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (onto sth) (of the members of a committee) vote for the appointment of sb as an extra member of the committee （指委員會的成員）增選某人為新委員:

co-opt a new member onto the committee 增補一名新委員.

co-ordinate, coordinate

/ kEU5R:dInEt; ko`RrdnIt/ n 1 (often 常作 coordinate) either of two numbers or letters used to fix the position of a point on a graph or map 坐標: the x and y coordinates on a graph 圖表上的 x 和 y坐標 *| coordinates of latitude and longitude 經緯度 *| [attrib 作定語] co-ordinate geometry, ie geometry using co-ordinates 解 析 幾 何 . =>illus at map 見 map. 2 co-ordinates [pl] matched items of women's clothing （女子的）

配套衣物.

co-ordinate clause

(grammar) one of two or more clauses in a sentence that are equal in importance, have similar patterns and are often joined by and, or, but, etc 并列分句（一個句子中所含有的至少兩個地位相等、結構相似的分句之一, 常以 and、 or、but 等詞相連接）. Cf 參看 subordinate clause (subordinate).

co-ordinate, coordinate

/ kEU5R:dIneIt; ko`Rrdn9et/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) cause (different parts, limbs, etc) to function together efficiently 使（各部分、 肢體等 ） 協 調 , 協 同 動 作 : co-ordinate one's movements when swimming 游泳時協調動作*| We must co-ordinate our efforts (ie work together) to help the flood victims. 我們應該同心協力以援助遭水災的災民. *| The plan was not (ie Its parts were not) very well co-ordinated. 這計劃的各部分配合得不夠好.

co-ordination

/ 9kEU9R:dI5neIFn; ko9Rrdn`eFEn/ n [U] 1 ~ (with sb/sth) action of co-ordinating 協調; 協同動作: the co-ordination of the work of several people 幾個人的協作 *| the perfect co-ordination of hand and eye 手和眼完美的協調動作 *| a pamphlet produced by the Government in co-ordination with (ie working together with) the Sports Council 政府在體育協會的配合下發行 的 小 冊 子 . 2 ability to control one's movements properly 協調自己動作的能力: have good/poor co-ordination 善於[不善於]協調自己的動作 *| You need excellent co-ordination for ball games. 做球類運動, 要善於協調自己的動作.

co-ordinator

n person who co-ordinates 協 調 人 : The campaign needs an effective co-ordinator. 這個運動需要一個有能力的協調人.

coot

/ ku:t; kut/ n 1 type of water-bird with a white spot on the forehead 蹼雞, 白骨頂（額上有白斑的一種水鳥）. =>illus at App 1 見附錄 1 之插圖, page v. 2 (idm 習語) bald as a coot => bald.

cop

/ kCp; kBp/ n (sl 俚) policeman （男）警察.

cop

/ kCp; kBp/ v (-pp-) (sl 俚) 1 [Tn] receive (sth); suffer 獲得（某事物）; 遭受: He copped a nasty whack on the head. 他頭上受一重擊. *| The heavy rain missed the north of the country altogether, and the south copped the lot. 該國 594南部大雨滂沱而北部卻滴雨未落. 2 (a) [Tn, Tng]

discover (sb) in the act of doing sth wrong; catch 發現（某人）在干壞事; 抓住: If I cop you cheating again you'll be in trouble. 我要再發現你騙人, 決不輕饒. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth) arrest sb 逮 捕 某 人 : He was copped for speeding. 他因超速行車被捕. 3 (idm 習語) cop hold of sth take hold of sth; grasp sth 握住某物; 抓住某物: Here, cop hold of the screwdriver while I try the hammer. 喂, 握住這把改錐, 我用 頭試試. `cop it be punished 受罰: When he finds out who broke his radio, you'll really cop it! 要是他知道了是誰把他的收音機弄壞了, 準夠你受的! 4 (phr v) cop `out (of sth) (derog 貶) fail to do what one ought to do, esp through fear 退避, 避, 逃避（尤指因恐懼）: He was boasting about how brave he was at the start, but copped out (of it) at the finish. 他起初夸耀自己勇敢, 到頭來卻打了退堂鼓.

cop

n (idm 習語) a fair cop => fair1. not much `cop (sl 俚) not very good 不太好: He's not much cop as a boxer. 他是個蹩腳的拳擊手.

cop-out

n (sl derog 俚, 貶) act of or excuse for copping out 逃避的行為或藉口: The TV debate was a cop-out: it didn't tackle any of the real issues. 電視辯論不過是虛晃一槍, 并未解決任何實際問題.

copartner

/ 9kEU5pB:tnE(r); ko`pBrtnL/ n partner or associate in a business （企業的）合伙人.

copartnership

n 1 [U] system of having copartners in business （企業的）合伙. 2 [C] pair or group of copartners 一對或一群合伙者.

cope

/ kEUp; kop/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb/sth) manage successfully; be able to deal with sth difficult 對付; （善於）處理（棘手之事）: cope with problems, difficulties, misfortune, etc 對付問題、 困難、 災禍等 *| Her husband's left her and the kids are running wild, so it's not surprising that she can't cope. 她丈夫離開了她, 孩子們又不聽管教, 難怪她束手無策. *| There was too much work for our computer to cope with. 我們的計算機要干的工作太多, 簡直應接不暇.

cope

/ kEUp; kop/ n long loose cloak worn by priests on some special occasions （教士在某些場合穿

的）斗篷式長袍.

copeck (also kopeck)

/ 5kEUpek, 5kCpek; `kopZk/ n unit of currency in the former Soviet Union; 100th part of a rouble 戈比（前蘇聯貨幣單位, 為一盧布的百分之一）.

Copernican

/ kE5p:nIkEn; ko`p[nIkEn/ adj of Copernicus/ kE5p:nIkEs; ko`p[nIkEs/ (1473-1543), a Polish astronomer,who was the first to propose the theory that the planets move around the sun 哥白尼的（哥白尼, 1473-1543 年, 波蘭天文學家, 日心說的創始人）: the Copernican system 哥白尼體系.

co-pilot, copilot

/ 9kEU 5paIlEt; `ko9paIlEt/ n assistant pilot in an aircraft （飛行器的）副駕駛員.

coping

/ 5kEUpIN; `kopIN/ n (architecture 建) top row of bricks or masonry, usu sloping, on a wall （墻上端的）壓頂, 蓋頂.

coping-stone

n (esp Brit) stone used in a coping 壓頂石: (fig fml 比 喻 , 文 ) The final scene is the coping-stone of the play, ie, the climax, which completes it appropriately. 這個劇的最後一場是壓軸戲.

copious

/ 5kEUpIEs; `kopIEs/ adj 1 plentiful; abundant 豐富的; 大量的: copious flowers, tears, words 許多花、 眼淚、 話 *| She supports her theory with copious evidence. 她以大量的例證來充實自己的理論. *| I took copious notes. 我作了詳細的筆記. 2 (of a writer) writing or having written much; prolific （指作家）多產的: a copious writer of detective stories 寫偵探小說的多產作家.

copiously

adv.

copper

/ 5kCpE(r); `kBpL/ n 1 [U] chemical element, a common reddish-brown metal 銅; 紫銅; 紅銅: the mining of copper in central Africa 中部非洲的銅礦開采業 *| Is the pipe copper or lead? 這管子是銅的呢還是鉛的? *| [attrib 作定語] a copper pipe, wire, alloy, etc 銅管、 絲、 合金等*| her copper-coloured hair 她那紅棕色的頭發. =>App 10 見附錄 10. 2 [C] (esp Brit) coin made of copper or a copper alloy 銅幣: It only costs a few coppers, ie is cheap. 這只值幾個銅板（很便宜）. 3 [C] (esp Brit) large metal vessel, esp one in which clothes were formerly washed by boiling 大鍋（尤指舊時用以煮洗衣物的）. Cf 參 595看 boiler 3.

copper beech

type of beech tree with copper-coloured leaves

紫葉山毛櫸.

copper-bottomed

adj (esp Brit) safe in every way; certain not to

fail 絕 對 安 全 的 ; 萬 無 一 失 的 : a

copper-bottomed guarantee, assurance, deal, etc 可靠的保證、 絕對的把握、 毫無風險的交易.

copperhead

n poisonous snake found in the US 銅頭蛇（一

種毒蛇, 產於美國）.

copperplate

n polished copper plate on which designs, etc

are engraved 銅凹版（鐫刻有圖案等的拋光銅

板）. ,copperplate `writing, handwriting (also

copperplate) neat old-fashioned formal

handwriting with looped sloping letters that

are joined to each other 銅版體（一種老式手寫

體, 筆畫勻稱、 傾斜、 互相連接）.

copper

/ 5kCpE(r); `kBpL/ n (infml 口) policeman （男）警

察.

coppice

/ 5kCpIs; `kBpIs/ n = copse.

copra

/ 5kCprE; `kBprE/ n [U] dried coconut, from which

oil is extracted to make soap, etc 乾椰子仁（可

榨油以制肥皂等）.

copse

/ kCps; kBps/ (also coppice) n small area of

woodland with thick undergrowth and trees

矮林; 萌生林.

Copt

/ kCpt; kBpt/ n 1 member of the Coptic Church

科普特教徒. 2 Egyptian who is descended from

the ancient Egyptians 科普特人（古埃及人後裔

的埃及人）.

Coptic

/ 5kCptIk; `kBptIk/ adj of the Copts 科普特教徒的;

科普特人的: Coptic language, traditions 科普特

語、 傳統. n [U] language used in the Coptic

Church （科普特教會使用的）科普特語.

copula

/ 5kCpjUlE; `kBpjElE/ n (grammar) type of verb that

connects a subject with its complement 系詞

（即連系動詞, 用以連結主語及其補語）: In

`George became ill', the verb `became' is a

copula. 在 Georgebecameill 一句中, became 是

系詞.

copulate

/ 5kCpjUleIt; `kBpjE9let/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb/sth) (fml

文) (esp of animals) have sexual intercourse （尤指動物）交配, 交尾: The male bird performs a sort of mating dance before copulating with the female. 這種雄鳥在與雌鳥交尾以前要跳一種交歡舞.

copulation

/ 9kCpjU5leIFn; 9kBpjE`leFEn/ n [U] act of copulating 交配; 交尾.

copulative

/ 5kCpjUlEtIv; ?@ -leItIv; `kBpjE9letIv/ adj (fml 文) having a connecting function 有連系作用的. n (grammar) word that connects (and implies that meanings are added together 系詞; 連系詞; 連詞; 連接詞): `And' is a copulative. and 是連詞.

copy

/ 5kCpI; `kBpI/ n 1 [C] thing made to look like another, esp a reproduction of a letter, picture, etc 復制品（尤指信件的復寫件、圖片的復印件等）:

Is this the original drawing or is it a copy? 這是原畫還是模本? *| a perfect copy 以假亂真的仿造物 *| Make three carbon copies of the letter. 把這信復制三份. *| Photocopies cost 6p per copy. 影印文件每份收費 6 便士. 2 [C] individual example of a book, newspaper, record, etc of which many have been made （書、 報紙、 唱片等物品的）一本, 一份, 一張, 一件: If you can't afford a new copy of the book, perhaps you can find a second-hand one. 這書要是你買不起新的, 你或許能找到一本舊的. *| You receive the top copy of the receipt, and we keep the carbon. 你把這收據上面的原件收下, 我們保留下面的復寫件. 3 [U] material that is to be printed 原稿: The journalist has handed in her copy. 這個女記者交了稿. *| The government crisis will make good copy, ie will make an interesting or exciting newspaper story. 政府的危機將成為新聞報道的好題材. *| We can give you the text on computer disk, or as hard copy, ie as writing or printing on paper. 我們可以給你一份計算機磁盤的文本, 也可以給你一份硬拷貝（手抄本或打印本）.

copy-cat

n (infml derog 口, 貶 ) person who always imitates others 一味模仿他人者.

copy desk

(US) desk in a newspaper office where copy1(3) is edited and prepared for printing （報社的）編輯辦公桌.

copy-typist

596n typist who types out written material （書面

材料的）打字員.

copy-writer

n person who writes advertising or publicity copy1(3) 廣告或宣傳文字的撰稿人.

copy

/ 5kCpI; `kBpI/ v (pt, pp copied) 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (down/out) (from sth) (in/into sth) make a written copy(1) of sth 抄寫; 復寫某物:

copy out a letter, ie write it out again completely 繕寫出信函的復本 *| The teacher wrote the sums on the board, and the children copied them down in their exercise books. 老師把算術題寫在黑板上, 學生再抄寫在自己的練習本上. *| copy notes (from a book, etc) into a notebook 把（書等的）要點抄錄在筆記本上. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] make a copy(1) of (sth) 復制; 復印: copy documents on a photocopier 用復印機復印文件. 2 [Tn] (try to) do the same as (sb else); imitate 仿效, 追隨（他人）; 模仿: She's a good writer: try to copy her style. 她是出色的作家, 你不妨學學她的寫作風格. *| Don't always copy what the others do; use your own ideas. 不要老是蹈襲他人, 你應該有主見. 3 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sb) cheat by writing or doing the same thing as sb else 抄襲; 做假: She was punished for copying during the examination. 她因考試抄襲作弊而受到處罰.

copier

n machine that makes copies of documents on paper, esp by photographing them 復印機.

copyist

n 1 person who makes copies of eg old documents 繕寫員（如古舊文件的抄寫人員）. 2 imitator 模仿者: This painting is by a copyist. 這幅畫出自臨模家之手.

copy-book

/ 5kCpIbUk; `kBpI9bJk/ n 1 exercise book containing models of handwriting for learners to imitate （有書寫范例的）習字簿. 2 [attrib 作定語] perfect; textbook 十全十美的; 堪稱典范的: It was a copy-book operation by the police; all the criminals were arrested and all the stolen property quickly recovered. 警方這一行動十分漂亮, 將罪犯一網打盡, 迅速起獲所有贓物. 3 [attrib 作 定 語 ] (dated 舊 ) unoriginal; commonplace 陳腐的; 平淡無奇的: copy-book maxims, sentiments, etc 陳腐的格言、 觀點等. 4 (idm 習語) blot one's copy-book => blot2.

copyright

/ 5kCpIraIt; `kBpI9raIt/ n [U, C] ~ (on sth) exclusive

legal right, held for a certain number of years, to print, publish, sell, broadcast, perform, film or record an original work or any part of it 版權: Copyright expires 50 years after the death of the author. 版權在作者死後 50 年即行終止. *|The poem is still under copyright, so you have to pay to quote it. 該詩仍然享有版權, 因此你必須 支 付 引 用 費 . *| sued for breach of copyright/for infringing copyright 因侵犯版權被控告 *| Who owns the copyright on this song? 誰享有這首歌的版權?

copyright

v [Tn] obtain copyright for (a book, etc) 獲得（書等）的版權.

copyright

adj protected by copyright 受版權保護的: This material is copyright. 本資料享有版權.

coquetry

/ 5kCkItrI; `kokItrI/ n (fml 文) (a) [U] flirting 調情; 賣俏. (b) [C] instance of this; flirtatious act 調情; 賣弄風情.

coquette

/ kC5ket; ko`kZt/ n (fml often derog 文, 常作貶義) girl or woman who flirts 賣弄風情的女子.

coquettish

/ kC5ketIF; ko`kZtIF/ adj of or like a coquette 賣弄風情的; 賣俏似的: a coquettish smile, manner 賣弄風情的微笑、 樣子.

coquettishly

adv.

cor anglais

/ 9kR:r 5CNgleI; ?@- R:N5gleI; 9kRr RN`^le/ (pl cors anglais) (music 音 ) woodwind instrument similar to the oboe, but larger and playing lower notes 英國管（一種類似雙簧管而形狀較大、音調較低的木管樂器）.

coracle

/ 5kCrEkl; `kBrEkl/ n small light boat made of wickerwork and covered with watertight materials, used by fishermen on Welsh and Irish rivers and lakes （威爾士及愛爾蘭漁民用的）輕便小船（用枝條編成, 覆以防水材料）.

coral

/ 5kCrEl; ?@ 5kR:rEl; `kRrEl/ n 1 [U] red, pink or white hard substance formed on the sea bed from the skeletons of tiny animals known as polyps 珊瑚: a necklace made of coral 珊瑚項鏈. 2 [C] coral-producing animal; polyp 珊瑚蟲; 水螅.

coral

adj like coral in colour; pink or red 珊瑚色的; 粉的或紅的: coral lipstick 粉紅色的口紅.

coral island

597island formed by the growth of coral 珊瑚島.

coral reef

reef formed by the growth of coral 珊瑚礁.

corbel

/ 5kR:bl; `kRrbl/ n (architecture 建 ) stone or

timber projection from a wall to support sth

(eg an arch) 梁托; 翅托; 托臂.

cord

/ kR:d; kRrd/ n 1 [C, U] (piece of) long thin flexible

material made of twisted strands, thicker than

string and thinner than rope （細）繩: parcels

tied with cord 用繩子捆扎的包裹. 2 [C] part of

the body like a cord in being long, thin and

flexible 身體上細長柔韌有如繩子的部分: the

spinal cord 脊髓 *| the vocal cords 聲帶. 3 [C, U] (esp US) = flex. 4 (infml 口) (a) [U] corduroy

燈芯絨: [attrib 作定語] cord trousers, skirts, etc

燈芯絨的褲子、 裙子等. (b) cords [pl] corduroy

trousers 燈 芯 絨 褲 子 : a man wearing blue

cords 穿藍色燈芯絨褲的男子.

cordage

/ 5kR:dIdV; `kRrdIdV/ n [U] cords, ropes, etc, esp

the rigging of a ship 繩索（尤指船纜）.

cordial

/ 5kR:dIEl; ?@ 5kR:rdVEl; `kRrdVEl/ adj 1 sincere and

friendly 誠懇的; 熱誠的; 親切的; 友好的: a

cordial smile, welcome, handshake, etc 熱誠的

微笑、 歡迎、 握手等. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定語]

(of dislike) strongly felt （指厭惡）深深感到的:

cordial hatred, detestation, loathing 無比的憎

恨、 憎惡、 厭惡.

cordiality

/ 9kR:dI5AlEtI; ?@ 9kR:rdVI-; 9kRrdVI`AlEtI/ n 1 [U]

quality of being cordial1(1) 誠 懇 ; 熱 誠 . 2

cordialities [pl] (fml 文 ) expressions of

cordial1(1) feeling 熱情友好的表示: After the

cordialities, we sat down to talk. 我們熱情友好

地相互致意, 然後坐下來進行會談.

cordially

/ -dIElI; ?@ -dVElI; -dVElI/ adv.

cordial

/ 5kR:dIEl; ?@ 5kR:rdVEl; `kRrdVEl/ n [U, C] (Brit)

sweetened non-alcoholic drink typically made

from fruit juice （不含酒精的）甜飲料（多由果汁

制成）: lime juice cordial 酸橙汁飲料.

cordite

/ 5kR:daIt; `kRrdaIt/ n [U] smokeless explosive

substance used in bullets, shells, bombs, etc

柯達炸藥; （柯達）無煙火藥.

cordon

/ 5kR:dn; `kRrdn/ n 1 line or ring of policemen, soldiers, etc, esp one which guards sth or

prevents people entering or leaving an area （由警察、 士兵等組成的）警戒線, 防衛圈: Demonstrators tried to break through the police cordon. 示威群眾企圖突破警察的封鎖線. 2 ornamental ribbon or braid of an order1(10a), usu worn across the shoulder （代表勛位的）飾帶或穗帶（通常斜掛在肩上）; 綬帶. 3 fruit-tree with all its side branches cut off so that it grows as a single stem, usu against a wall or along wires （剪去一切枝椏的）單干果樹（通常倚墻或沿金屬線生長）.

cordon

v (phr v) cordon sth off separate or enclose sth by means of a cordon(1) 以警戒線分隔或包圍: Police cordoned off the area until the bomb was defused. 警方封鎖了這個區域直至拆除炸彈的引信為止.

cordon bleu

/ 9kR:dCn 5bl:; kRr`dR`bl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] (French 法) (of a cook, dish, etc) of the highest standard of skill in cooking, esp classical French cooking （指廚師、 菜肴等）第一流手藝的（尤指法國傳統烹飪）: cordon bleu cuisine 第一流名廚所治佳肴.

corduroy

/ 5kR:dErRI; `kRrdE9rRI/ n 1 [U] strong cotton cloth covered with parallel soft raised ridges made up of short tufts 燈芯絨: [attrib 作定語] a corduroy jacket 燈芯絨甲克. 2 corduroys [pl] trousers made of this cloth 燈芯絨褲子: a pair of corduroys 一條燈芯絨褲子.

corduroy road

(esp US) road made of tree trunks laid side-by-side across swampy land （將樹干并排橫鋪於濕軟之地面而成的）木排路.

core

/ kR:(r); kRr/ n 1 (usu hard) centre of such fruits as the apple and pear, containing the seeds 果心（如蘋果核、 梨核）. 2 (a) central part of a magnet or an induction coil 磁鐵心; 線圈心. (b) (geology 地質) central part of the planet earth 地核: The earth has a core and a mantle around it. 地球的中心是地核, 地核的周圍是地幔. (c) (physics 物 ) central part of a nuclear reactor, where the fuel rods are kept and the nuclear reaction takes place （核反應堆中的）活性區, 反應堆心. (d) (computing 計) very small magnetizable metal ring used formerly in a computer's memory for storing one bit3 of data （存儲器的）磁心. (e) inner strand of an electric cable （電纜的）芯線. 3 most important 598part of sth 核心: Let's get to the core of the

argument. 咱們進入實質性的辯論吧. *| This

concept is at the very core of her theory. 這個

概 念 是 她 的 理 論 的 核 心 . *| [attrib 作 定 語 ]

English is a subject on the core curriculum, ie

one which all the students have to do. 英語是

一門基礎課程. 4 (idm 習語) to the `core right to

the centre 達到中心: rotten to the core, ie

completely bad 爛透了的 *| He is English to

the core, ie completely English in manner, speech, dress, etc. 他是地地道道的英國人. *|

Her refusal shocked us to the core, ie utterly.

她拒絕後我們大吃一驚.

core

v [Tn] take out the core of (sth) 去掉（某物）的

中心部分: core an apple 挖去蘋果的果心.

CORE (also Core)

/ kR:(r); kRr/ abbr 縮寫 = (US) Congress of Racial

Equality 爭取種族平等大會.

co-religionist, coreligionist

/ 9kEUrI5lIdVEnIst; 9korI`lIdVEnIst/ n (fml 文) person

who belongs to the same religion as sb else 信

奉同一宗教的人.

co-respondent, corespondent

/ 9kEU rI5spCndEnt; 9korI`spBndEnt/ n (law 律 )

(formerly) person accused of committing

adultery with the respondent in a divorce case

（舊時離婚訴訟中被控通奸的）共同被告: cite (ie

name) sb as co-respondent 指某人為共同被告.

corgi

/ 5kR:gI; `kRr^I/ n breed of small Welsh dog 柯吉

犬（一種小狗, 產於威爾士）.

coriander

/ 9kCrI5AndE(r); ?@ 9kR:r-; 9kRrI`AndL/ n [U] plant

whose leaves and dried seeds are used in

cooking, to give a special taste 芫荽; 香菜.

Corinthian

/ kE5rInWIEn; kE`rInWIEn/ adj 1 of Corinth/ 5kCrInW;

`kRrInW/ in (ancient) Greece （古）希臘科林斯的. 2

(architecture 建) of the most highly decorated

of the five classical orders (order1 13) of Greek

architecture, incorporating carvings of leaves

科林斯式的（希臘建筑五種古典柱式中最華麗者, 其

特徵為飾有葉形的雕花）: a Corinthian column

科林斯圓柱. Cf 參看 Doric, Ionic.

Corinthian

n native of Corinth 科林斯人.

cork

/ kR:k; kRrk/ n 1 [U] light springy buoyant

substance that is the thick bark of a type of

oak tree growing around the Mediterranean 栓

皮; 軟木: Cork is often used for insulation. 栓皮經常用作絕緣材料. *| [attrib 作定語] cork tiles, table mats, etc 軟 木 磚 、 桌 墊 等 . 2 [C] bottle-stopper made of this 軟 木 瓶 塞 : draw/pull out the cork 拔出軟木塞. =>illus at bottle 見 bottle 之插圖.

cork

v 1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) close or seal (a bottle, barrel, etc) with a cork or sth similar 用軟木塞等物封堵（瓶、 桶等）: cork a bottle 塞住瓶子. 2 (phr v) cork sth up (infml 口) not express (feelings, etc) 抑制（感情等）: Don't cork it all up: if you feel angry, show it. 別什麼都悶在心里, 你有氣就發泄出來.

corked

adj (of wine) made bad by a decayed cork （指酒）有腐壞的軟木塞異味的.

corkscrew

n device for pulling corks from bottles 瓶塞鉆（拔軟木瓶塞用的）.

corkage

/ 5kR:kIdV; `kRrkIdV/ n [U] charge made by a restaurant for opening wine a customer has bought elsewhere 開瓶費（飯店對顧客自備的酒收取的）.

corm

/ kR:m; kRrm/ n (botany 植 ) underground reproductivepart of certain plants (eg crocus and gladiolus), similar in appearance to a bulb(1), from which the new stalk grows each year 球莖. =>illus at App 1 見附錄 1 之插圖, page ii.

cormorant

/ 5kR:mErEnt; `kRrmErEnt/ n large, long-necked, dark-coloured bird which lives near sea coasts and eats fish 鸕 . =>illus at App 1 見附錄 1 之插圖, page v.

corn

/ kR:n; kRrn/ n 1 [U] (a) (esp Brit) (seed of) any of various grain plants, chiefly wheat, oats, rye and maize; such plants while growing 谷物: grinding corn to make flour 把谷物磨成粉 *| a field of corn 一片莊稼 *| a `corn-field 莊稼地*| a sheaf of corn 一捆谷物. (b) (esp US) maize 玉蜀黍; 玉米. =>illus 見插圖. 2 [U] (infml derog 口, 貶) music, verse, drama, etc that is banal, sentimental or hackneyed 平庸、 感傷或陳腐的音樂、 詩歌、 戲劇等: a romantic ballad that is pure corn 極為感傷的浪漫小曲.

corny

/ 5kR:nI; `kRrnI/ adj (-ier, -iest) (infml derog 口, 貶) 599(a) too often heard or repeated; hackneyed 老

生常談的; 陳腐的: a corny joke 老掉牙的笑話. (b) banal; sentimental 平庸乏味的; 多愁善感的: a corny song 傷感的歌曲.

corn-cob

n hard cylindrical part at the top of a maize stalk, on which the grains grow 玉米穗軸.

=>illus 見插圖.

corn-exchange

n place where corn is bought and sold 谷物市場.

cornflakes

n [pl] breakfast cereal made of maize that has been crushed and heated to make it crisp 玉米片（一種早餐食品）.

cornflour (US `cornstarch)

n [U] finely ground flour made esp from maize or rice 谷物磨成的粉; （尤指）玉米面, 米粉.

cornflower

n any of various plants growing wild in corn-fields, esp a blue-flowered kind that is also grown in gardens 矢車菊.

corn on the cob

maize cooked with all the grains still attached to the stalk （熟的）玉米棒子.

corn pone (US also pone)

/ pEUn; pon/ baked or fried maize bread （烤的或煎的）玉米面包.

cornstarch

n [U] (US) = cornflour.

corn

/ kR:n; kRrn/ n 1 small, often painful, area of hardened skin on the foot, esp on the toe 雞眼.

2 (idm 習語) tread on sb's corns/toes =>tread.

cornea

/ 5kR:nIE; `kRrnIE/ n (anatomy 解) transparent outer covering of the eye, which protects the pupil and iris 角膜. =>illus at eye 見 eye 之插圖.

corneal

/ 5kR:nIEl; `kRrnIEl/ adj of the cornea 角膜的: a corneal graft 角膜移植片.

corned

/ kR:nd; kRrnd/ adj (of meat) preserved in salt （指肉）腌制的: corned beef/pork 咸的牛肉[豬肉].

cornelian

/ kR:5ni:lIEn; kRr`niljEn/ n semi-precious stone of a reddish, reddish-brown or white colour 光玉髓（次等寶石, 呈紅色、 紅褐色或白色）.

corner

/ 5kR:nE(r); `kRrnL/ n 1 place where two lines, sides, edges or surfaces meet; angle enclosed

by two walls, sides, etc that meet 角兒; 角落: A square has four corners; a cube has eight. 正方形有四個角兒; 立方體有八個角兒. *| standing at a street corner 站在街角兒上 *| the shop on/at the corner 位於街角兒的商店 *| In the corner of the room stood a big old chair. 屋角兒放著一把舊的大椅子. *| The address is in the top right-hand corner of the letter. 地址在這封信的右上角兒. *| When I turned the corner (of the street) he had disappeared. 我拐過街角兒時他已經不見了. *| He hit his knee on the corner of the table. 他的膝蓋撞在桌子角兒上了. *|[attrib 作定語] the corner shop, ie on the corner of two streets 街角兒處的商店. 2 (a) hidden, secret or remote place 隱蔽的、 秘密的或偏僻的處所: money hidden in odd corners 藏在秘密地方的錢. (b) region; part; area 區域; 部分 ; 地 區 : She lives in a quiet corner of Yorkshire. 她住在約克郡的一個僻靜的地區. 3 difficult or awkward situation 困 境 ; 窘 況 : Having lied that I still had the money, I was in rather a corner when they asked me to hand it over. 因我謊稱錢仍在我處, 所以他們要我交出時, 我很尷尬. *| She'll need luck to get out of a tight corner like that. 她要靠運氣才能擺脫那樣的困境. *| The interviewer had driven her into a corner. 面試主持人把她追問得很窘. 4 (usu sing 通常作單數) ~ (in sth) (commerce 商) complete ownership or control of supplies of sth, enabling one to decide its price 囤積; 壟斷: