except/ Ik5sept; Ik`sZpt/ prep ~ (for sb/sth); ~ (that...) not including (sb/sth); but not 除了（某人[某事物 ] ） 之 外 （ 表

except

/ Ik5sept; Ik`sZpt/ prep ~ (for sb/sth); ~ (that...) not including (sb/sth); but not 除了（某人[某事物 ] ） 之 外 （ 表 示 所 說 的 不 包 括 在 內 ） : The restaurant is open every day except Monday. 這家飯店除星期一外, 每天都營業. *| Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了請柬. *| I understand everything except why she killed him. 我一切都明白, 只是不理解她為什麼把他殺死了. *| I can answer all the questions except for the last. 所有的題我都會答, 只是最後一題不會. *| The meal was excellent except for (ie with the exception of) the first course. 這頓飯好極了, 只是第一道菜稍差. *| She remembered nothing (about him) except that his hair was black. 她（對他）什麼都不記得, 只記得他的頭發是黑的. *| The two books are the same except (for the fact) that this one has an answer key at the back. 除了這本書後面有問題答案以外, 這兩本書完全一樣.

except

/ Ik5sept; Ik`sZpt/ v 1 [esp passive 尤用於被動語態:

Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (fml 文) (often with a negative 常與否定詞連用) leave sb/sth out; exclude sb/sth 將某人[某事物]除外; 不包括某人[某事物]: Only children under five are excepted from this survey. 這次調查僅僅不包括五歲以下的兒童. *| We all had to take part in the training run, with nobody excepted. 我們大家都得參加跑步訓練, 無人例外. *| the whole staff, not excepting the headmaster 全體教職員 工 , 也 包 括 校 長 . 2 (idm 習 語 ) present company excepted => present1.

exception

/ Ik5sepFn; Ik`sZpFEn/ n 1 [C, U] (an instance of) leaving out or excluding; person or thing that is not included 除外; 例外; 不包括在內的人或物: Most of the buildings in this town are rather

unattractive, but this church is an exception. 這座城鎮中大多數建筑物都不太好看, 但這座教堂是個例外. *| The children did well, the only exception being Jo, who failed. 這些孩子考得都很好, 唯獨喬不及格. *| All students without exception must take the English examination. 所有的學生毫無例外, 都必須參加英語考試. *| I enjoyed all his novels with the exception of his last. 他的小說我都愛看, 只是最後一部除外. 2 [C] thing that does not follow a rule 不合規則的事物: an exception to a rule of grammar 語法規則的一項例外. 3 (idm 習語) the exception proves the `rule (saying 諺) the excepting of some cases proves that the rule exists, or that it applies to all other cases 有例外則證明有規律: All his family have red hair except him. He is the exception which proves the rule. 他們全家除他以外頭發都是紅的. 正所謂有例外才證明有規律 嘛 . make an exception (of sb/sth) treat sb/sth as a special case 將某人[某事物]作為例外: You must all be here at 8 am; I can make no exceptions, ie I cannot excuse any of you. 你們都必須早晨八點鐘到這里, 任何人都不能例外. take exception to sth object to sth; be offended by sth 反對某事物; 因某事物而生氣: He took great exception to what I said. 他很反對我說的話. *| She took exception to having to wait outside in the rain. 她得在雨中等候, 對此十分氣憤.

exceptionable

/ -FEnEbl; -FEnEbl/ adj (fml 文) that sb can object to 可 反 對 的 : There are no exceptionable scenes in the play. 這出劇中沒有能引起爭議的情節.

exceptional

/ Ik5sepFEnl; Ik5sZpFEnl/ adj very unusual; outstanding 異常的; 罕見的; 特殊的; 杰出的; 突出的: This weather is exceptional for June. 這種天氣在六月份很罕見. *| show exceptional musical ability 表現出非凡的音樂才能.

exceptionally

/ -FEnElI; -FEnlI/ adv unusually; outstandingly 異常地; 罕見地; 特殊地; 杰出地; 突出地: an exceptionally beautiful child 特別漂亮的小孩.

excerpt

/ 5eks:pt; `Zks[pt/ n [C] ~ (from sth) passage, extract, from a book, film, piece of music, etc 書、 電影、 樂曲等的節錄: excerpts from a novel 一部小說的摘錄 *| I've seen a short excerpt from the film on television. 我在電視上看過這部 958影片的片段.

excess

/ Ik5ses; Ik`sZs/ n 1 [sing] an ~ of sth (derog 貶) more than the reasonable, expected or moderate degree or amount of sth 過度; 過分; 過量; 過多: an excess of enthusiasm, anger, emotion, zeal, etc 過分的熱情、 憤怒、 情感、 熱心等 *| An excess of fat in one's diet can lead to heart disease. 飲食中脂肪過量能導致心臟病. 2 [U] going beyond the normal or accepted limits; immoderation 過 火 ; 過 頭 ; 無 節 制 :

Don't carry your anger to excess. 不要肝火過盛. *| Luggage in excess of 100 kg will be charged extra. 超過 100 公斤的行李要額外收費. 3 [C] amount by which sth is larger than sth else 超額的量; 過多的數: She was charged an excess of 4 over the amount stated on the bill. 向她索取的比帳單上顯示的數額多出 4 英鎊. 4 [U] (esp Brit) agreed sum taken by an insurance company from the total amount to be paid to an insured person who makes a claim 免賠額（保險公司從投保人要求索賠的總款額中扣除的規定數額）: You will have to pay the first ￡50 of the cost of repairing your damaged car as there is an excess of ￡50 on your policy. 你的保險單列有 50 英鎊免賠額, 所以你的汽車損壞修理費的首 50 英鎊要由你付. 5 excesses [pl] (fml 文) personal acts which go beyond the limits of good behaviour, or humanity 越軌的行為; 無人性的行為: The excesses (ie acts of cruelty) committed by the occupying troops will never be forgotten. 占領軍犯下的滅絕人性的暴行, 人們是永遠也不會忘記的. *| His excesses at parties are well known. 盡人皆知他在聚會上十分放肆. 6 (idm 習語) to ex`cess to an extreme degree 過度; 過分; 無度: He drinks to excess. 他嗜酒無度.

excessive

/ Ik5sesIv; Ik`sZsIv/ adj greater than what is normal or necessary; extreme 過分的; 過度的; 極度的: excessive prices 過高的價格 *| an excessive amount of alcohol 過量的酒精 *| an excessive enthusiasm for sport 對運動的狂熱 excessively

adv.

excess

/ 5ekses; `ZksZs/ adj [attrib 作 定 語 ] extra or additional (to the usual or permitted amount) 額外的; 附加的: excess fare, eg for travelling further than is allowed by one's ticket 補票費

*| A company which makes high profits must pay excess profits duty to the government. 贏利高的公司須向政府交納額外利得稅.

excess baggage (also excess luggage) amount of luggage that is over the weight that may be carried free on an aircraft 超重的行李.

excess postage

amount charged to a person who receives a letter, etc which does not carry stamps of high enough value 欠資郵費.

exchange

/ Iks5tFeIndV; Iks`tFendV/ n 1 [C, U] (action or process of) giving one thing or person in return for another 交換; 互換; 交流; 交易; 調換; 更換:

Is five apples for five eggs a fair exchange? 用五個蘋果換五個雞蛋公平嗎? *| The exchange of prisoners during a war is unusual. 戰時很少交換俘虜. *| the exchange of contracts, ie the final stage of buying or selling a house 互換契約（買賣房屋的最後步驟） *| an exchange of glances 互使眼色 *| an exchange of houses 調換房屋 *| an exchange of gun-fire 交火 *| He's giving her French lessons in exchange for (ie as an exchange for) her teaching him English. 他教她法語, 她教他英語, 互教互學（作為交換條件）. 2 [C] (angry) conversation or argument （憤怒的）談話或爭論: bitter exchanges between MP's in parliament 下議院議員在議會上的激烈爭論. 3 [U] relation in value between kinds of money used in different countries 兌換; 兌換率: What is the rate of exchange between the dollar and the pound? 美元和英鎊之間的兌換率是多少? *| [attrib 作定語] I want to change my dollars into pesetas what is the exchange rate? 我 想 把 美 元 換 成 比 塞 塔 -- 兌 換 率 是 多 少 ? 4 Exchange [C] place where business people or financiers meet for business 交易所: the `Corn Exchange 谷物交易所 *| the `Stock Exchange, ie for the buying and selling of stocks, shares, etc 證 券 交 易 所 . 5 = telephone exchange (telephone). 6 reciprocal visit between two (often young) people or groups from different countries （不同國家的團體或人, 常為青年之間的）互訪, 交流: be on, do, organize an exchange 在、 進行、 組織互訪 *| Sarah is going on an exchange to Paris to stay with Pierre, and he is coming to stay with her here in Scotland next year. 薩拉將到巴黎作互訪住在皮埃爾處, 而皮埃爾明年來蘇格蘭就住在她那里. *| [attrib 作定語] exchange students 互派的留學生 *| exchange visits 兩國間的互訪 *| She is an exchange 959teacher. 她是出國的交流教師.

exchange

/ Iks5tFeIndV; Iks`tFendV/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A for B; ~ sth (with sb) give or receive sth/sb (of the same kind or value) in place of another 交換; 互 換 ; 調 換 ; 更 換 : He exchanged the blue jumper for a red one. 他把藍毛衣換成了紅的. *|Ali exchanged seats with Ben. 阿里與本調換了座 位 . *| The enemy countries exchanged prisoners. 敵 國 間 交 換 了 俘 虜 . *| They exchanged hostages with each other. 他們相互交換了人質. (b) [Tn] give sth and receive sth (from another person) in return 交換; 交易: exchanging blows, ie hitting each other 互相毆打 *| They exchanged glances, ie looked at each other. 他們互相對視. *| The two men exchanged greetings, ie Each greeted the other. 那兩個男人互相問候. 2 (idm 習語) exchange (angry, etc) `words quarrel; argue 爭吵; 爭論: They exchanged angry words before the meeting but were finally persuaded to agree.

他們在會議前爭吵起來, 經勸說最後言歸於好.

exchangeable

/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj that can be exchanged 可交換的; 可更換的; 可兌換的: Sale goods in this shop are not exchangeable. 本店貨物售出概不退換.

exchequer

/ Iks5tFekE(r); Iks`tFZkL/ n 1 the Exchequer [sing] (Brit) government department in charge of public money 財政部: The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the minister in charge of finance in Britain. 英國財政大臣是負責財政的大臣. 2 [C] (a) public or national supply of money; treasury 公共財源; 國庫. (b) (often joc 常作戲謔語) person's supply of money 個人的錢財: There's nothing left in the exchequer this month. 本月份本人國庫空虛.

excise

/ 5eksaIz; Zk`saIz/ n [U] government tax on certain goods manufactured, sold or used within a country 國內貨物稅; 消費稅: the excise on beer/spirits/tobacco 啤酒[烈性酒/煙草]消費稅*| customs and excise 關稅與國內貨物稅 *|[attrib 作定語] an excise officer, ie an official employed in collecting excise 國內貨物稅務官. Cf 參看 customs1.

excise

/ Ik5saIz; Ik`saIz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文) remove by, or as if by, cutting (esp a part of the body or a passage from a book) 切除（尤指身體的一部分）; 刪除（書中的一段）: The

surgeon excised the lump from her breast. 外科醫生切除了她 乳房的腫塊. *| The censor insisted on excising the passage from the film. 電影審查員堅持剪去影片的這一段.

excision

/ Ik5sIVn; Ik`sIVEn/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] action of excising 切除; 刪除: the excision of a tumour 腫瘤的切除. 2 [C] thing that is excised 被切除或刪除之物: The excisions have destroyed the literary value of the text. 刪除了這些就損害了原文的文學價值.

excitable

/ Ik5saItEbl; Ik`saItEbl/ adj (of a person, animal or temperament) easily excited （指人、 動物或氣質）易興奮的, 易激動的: an excitable child 易興奮的孩子 *| an excitable breed of dog 一種易受刺激的狗 *| an excitable race of people 容易沖動的民族.

excitability

/ Ik9saItE5bIlEtI; Ik9saItE`bIlEtI/ n [U] quality of being excitable 易興奮性; 易激動性.

excite

/ Ik5saIt; Ik`saIt/ v 1 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被動語態, Tn.pr] cause strong feelings of eagerness, happiness, nervousness, etc in (a person or an animal) 使（人或動物）興奮, 激動: The children were very excited by the pantomime. 孩子們看了童話劇非常興奮. *| Don't excite yourself, ie Keep calm. 不要激動. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb (to sth) (fml 文) cause or bring about (sth) by arousing strong feelings in sb 刺激; 激起; 煽動; 鼓動: excite a riot 煽動暴亂 *| Agitators were exciting the people to rebel/to rebellion against their rulers. 煽動者鼓動人民造反以反抗統治者. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) ~ sth (in sb)arouse (an emotion) in sb; cause (a response or reaction) in sb 激發某人的（情感）; 引起某人的（回應或反應）: excite public suspicion 引起大眾懷疑 *|The recent discoveries have excited great interest among doctors. 最近的多項發現引起醫生們的極大興趣. *| excite envy, admiration, greed, etc (in sb) 引起（某人）羨慕、 愛慕、 貪念等. (b) arouse (sexual desire) 激發（性欲）: Some people are sexually excited by pornographic magazines. 有的人看到色情雜志能激發起性欲. 4 [Tn] (fml 文) cause (part of the body) to be active 刺激（身體某部分）: drugs that excite the nervous system 刺激神經系統的藥物.

excited

/ Ik5saItId; Ik`saItId/ adj feeling or showing 960excitement 興奮的; 激動的: sexually excited 性

興奮 *| The excited children forgot to take the

presents to the party. 孩子們興奮得忘了把禮物

帶到聚會上了. *| It's nothing to get excited

about. 這沒什麼可值得激動的.

excitedly

adv.

exciting

adj causing great interest or enthusiasm 使人

激動的; 令人興奮的: an exciting piece of work

令人興奮的工作 *| an exciting story 使人激動的

故事 *| an exciting discovery 振奮人心的發現.

excitingly

adv.

excitement

/ Ik5saItmEnt; Ik`saItmEnt/ n 1 [U] state of strong

emotion or feeling, esp one caused by sth

pleasant 刺激; 激動; 興奮: The news caused

great excitement. 這 消 息 令 人 極 為 興 奮 . *|

jumping about in excitement at the discovery

因這一發現而興奮得手舞足蹈. 2 [C] (fml 文)

thing that excites; exciting incident, etc 令人興

奮 的 事 物 ; 使 人 激 動 的 事 : the excitements

associated with a cruise around the world 關

於乘船周游世界的令人興奮的事.

exclaim

/ Ik5skleIm; Ik`sklem/ v [I, Ipr, Tf] cry out suddenly

and loudly from pain, anger, surprise, etc （因

疼痛、 憤怒、 驚奇等）驚叫, 呼喊: `What,' he

exclaimed, `Are you leaving without me?' ｀怎

麼著,＇他喊道, ｀你要把我丟下自己走嗎?＇ *| He

could not help exclaiming at how much his

son had grown. 他的兒子已長那麼高了, 他不禁

驚叫起來. *| He exclaimed that it was untrue.

他大聲說那不是事實.

exclamation

/ 9eksklE5meIFn; 9ZksklE`meFEn/ n (short) sound(s)

or word(s), expressing sudden surprise, pain, etc 呼喊; 驚叫; 嘆詞; 感嘆語: `Oh!', `Look out!'

and `Ow!' are exclamations. ｀啊!＇、 ｀小

心!＇、 ｀哎喲!＇都是感嘆詞語.

exclamation mark (US exclamation point)

mark (!) written after an exclamation 嘆號; 感

嘆號; 驚嘆號（!）. =>App 3 見附錄 3.

exclamatory

/ Ik5sklAmEtrI; ?@ -tR:rI; Ik`sklAmE9tRrI/ adj (fml 文)

of, using or containing an exclamation 呼喊的;

感嘆的: an exclamatory sentence 感嘆句.

exclude

/ Ik5sklu:d; Ik`sklud/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from

sth) (a) prevent sb from entering somewhere,

taking part in sth, etc; keep sb out 防止某人進入某處; 阻止某人參加某事等; 把某人排除在外: exclude a person from membership of a society 拒絕接納某人入會 *| Women are often excluded from positions of authority. 女子要想得到有權的職位往往遭到排斥. (b) prevent sth from getting in; keep sth out 防止某物進入; 將某物排斥在外: All air must be excluded (from the bottle) if the experiment is to work. 若要做好這一試驗, 不得讓空氣進（到瓶子里）去. *| All draughts must be excluded from the room. 這間屋子不可有風透進. 2 [Tn] reject (sth) as a possibility; ignore as a consideration 排除（某事 ） 的 可 能 性 ; 不 予 考 慮 : The police have excluded robbery as a motive for the murder. 警方已排除該謀殺案中有搶劫的動機. *| We must not exclude the possibility that the child has run away. 我們不可排除這孩子離家出走的可能性.

3 [Tn] leave (sth) out; not include 將（某物）排除 ; 不 包 括 : lunch costs 5 per person, excluding drinks 午餐費每人 5 英鎊, 不包括飲料. *| That price excludes accommodation. 那價錢不包括住宿.

exclusion

/ Ik5sklu:Vn; Ik`skluVEn/ n 1 [U] ~ (of sb/sth) (from sth) action of excluding; being excluded 排斥; 排除在外: the exclusion of women from the temple 婦女之被排斥於寺院之外. 2 (idm 習語) to the exclusion of sb/sth so as to exclude (all other members of a group) 排除（其他的一切）: He spent his spare time gardening, to the exclusion of all other interests. 他把空余時間都用在園藝上了, 沒有任何其他愛好.

exclusive

/ Ik5sklu:sIv; Ik`sklusIv/ adj 1 (a) (of a group, society, etc) not readily admitting new members (esp if they are thought to be socially inferior); select （指群體、 會社等）不愿接收新成員的（尤指對社會地位低下者）; 精選的: He is part of an exclusive social circle and belongs to an exclusive club. 他所處的社交圈子很排外, 而 且 參 加 的 又 是 個 很 排 外 的 社 團 . (b) (of a high-class shop, goods sold in it, etc) not found elsewhere; reserved for the wealthy （指高級商店、 貨物等）罕見的, 高級的, 高檔的: exclusive styles, designs, articles 高級的式樣、設計、 物品 *| an exclusive restaurant, private school 為富人開設的飯店、 私立學校. 2 reserved for or limited to the person(s) or group concerned 獨有的; 獨占的: exclusive privileges 961of the aristocracy 貴 族 獨 有 的 特 權 *| an

exclusive agency for the sale of Ford cars in

this town 這城鎮的福特汽車包銷商 *| The

interview is exclusive to this magazine. 本雜志

得到獨家訪問權. 3 excluding all but the thing

specified 唯一的: Painting has not been her

exclusive occupation. 繪畫并非她唯一的職業. 4

not admitting sth else; rejecting other

considerations 排 他 的 : The two plans are

mutually exclusive, ie If you accept one you

must reject the other. 這兩個方案是相互抵觸的.

5 ~ of sb/sth not including sb/sth; not

counting sb/sth 不包括某人[某事物]; 不把某人

[某事物]算在內: The ship has a crew of 57

exclusive of officers. 這船上除高級船員外, 有 57

名普通船員. *| The price of the holiday is

exclusive of accommodation. 度假費用未包括住

宿費.

exclusive

n [C] (also exclusive story) newspaper or

magazine story given to and published by only

one newspaper （報紙或雜志的）獨家報道, 獨家

專文: a Daily Mirror exclusive 每日鏡報獨家報

道. exclusively adv: This special offer has been

exclusively designed for readers of this

magazine. 這一特價優惠是專為本雜志讀者提供

的.

exclusiveness (also exclusivity)

/ 9eksklu:5sIvEtI;9Zksklu`sIvEtI/ n [U] quality of

being exclusive 獨特性: The shop was proud of

its exclusiveness. 這商店因別具一格而沾沾自喜.

excommunicate

/ 9ekskE5mju:nIkeIt; 9ZkskE`mjunE-9ket/ v [Tn]

exclude (sb) as a punishment from the rights

and privileges of membership of the Christian

Church 將（某人）逐出基督教教會（剝奪教籍的

懲罰）.

excommunication

/ 9ekskE9mju:nI5keIFn; 9ZkskE-9mjunE`keFEn/ n 1 [U]

action of excommunicating or being

excommunicated 逐出教會. 2 [C] example of

this; official statement announcing this 逐出

教會; 逐出教會的公告.

excrement

/ 5ekskrImEnt; `ZkskrImEnt/ n [U] (fml 文) solid

waste matter passed from the body through

the bowels; faeces 糞便: The pavement was

covered in dogs' excrement. 便道上滿是狗屎.

excrescence

/ Ik5skresns; Ik`skrZsns/ n (fml 文) abnormal (ugly

and useless) growth on an animal body or a

plant 贅生物; 瘤; 贅疣: (fig 比喻) The new office block is an excrescence on the landscape. 這座新辦公樓在這片風景中很礙眼.

excreta

/ Ik5skri:tE; Ik`skritE/ n [U] (fml 文) liquid and solid waste (excrement, urine, sweat) passed from the body 排泄物（糞、 尿、 汗）: the smell of excreta in the hospital ward 醫院病房里排泄物的氣味.

excrete

/ Ik5skri:t; Ik`skrit/ v [Tn] (fml 文) (of an animal or a plant) pass out (waste matter, sweat, etc) from the system （指動物或植物）排泄或分泌（廢物、 汗等）.

excretion

/ Ik5skri:Fn; Ik`skriFEn/ n (a) [U] action of excreting 排泄; 分泌. (b) [C, U] that which is excreted 排泄物; 分泌物.

excruciating

/ Ik5skru:FIeItIN; Ik`skruFI9etIN/ adj (of physical or mental pain) intense; acute （指肉體或精神痛苦 ） 極 度 的 , 劇 烈 的 : He has excruciating backache. 他的背疼得很厲害. *| excruciating misery 極 大 的 苦 難 *| (joc 謔 ) He's an excruciating bore. 他是個非常討厭的人. *| an excruciating concert 十分糟糕的音樂會.

excruciatingly

adv: an excruciatingly painful experience 令人極為痛苦的經歷.

exculpate

/ 5ekskQlpeIt; `ZkskQl9pet/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) (fml 文) free sb from blame; say that sb is not guilty 為某人開脫; 說某人無罪: exculpate a person from a charge 開脫對某人的指責 *|exculpate oneself from blame 為自己辯解.

excursion

/ Ik5sk:Fn; ?@ Vn; Ik`sk[VEn/ n (a) short journey, esp one made by a group of people together for pleasure 短程旅行; 遠足: go on/make a day excursion to the mountains, ie there and back in one day 到 山 上 游 玩 一 天 *| Many excursions had been arranged by the holiday company. 短程旅游原先多由度假服務公司安排的.

*| [attrib 作定語] an excursion train 游覽火車*| an excursion ticket, ie one issued at a reduced fare 旅游特惠票. (b) short journey made for a particular purpose 短途行程: a shopping excursion 購 物 之 行 . =>Usage at journey 用法見 journey.

excuse

/ Ik5skju:s; Ik`skjus/ n ~ (for sth/doing sth) (true 962or invented) reason given to explain or defend

one's behaviour; apology 理由; 解釋; 辯護; 辯

解; 藉口; 道歉: He's always making excuses for

being late. 他遲到總是有藉口. *| There's no

excuse for such behaviour. 這種行為不可原諒.

*| He made his excuses (ie He apologized) and

left the meeting. 他表示歉意後就離開了會場. *|

Please offer/give them my excuses. 請代我向他

們致歉. *| I can't attend the meeting would you

make my excuses (ie apologize and give my

reasons for not attending), please? 我不能參加

會議--你能替我道歉并解釋一下嗎? *| (fml 文)

Those who are absent without (good) excuse

(ie without giving a (good) excuse) will be

dismissed. 無故缺席者一律開除.

excuse

/ Ik5skju:z; Ik`skjuz/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tsg] ~

sb/sth (for sth/doing sth) forgive or overlook

(a fault, etc); pardon sb/sth 寬恕或饒恕（過失

等）; 原諒某人[某事物]: Please excuse my late

arrival. 請原諒我來晚了. *| Excuse me for

being late. 原 諒 我 遲 到 了 . *| Excuse my

interrupting you. 對不起, 打擾你一下. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (for sth/doing sth) give

reasons showing, or intended to show, that (a

person or his actions) cannot be blamed 為（某

人或某行為）辯解或辯白: Nothing can excuse

such rudeness. 如此無禮決不可寬恕. *| She

stood up, excused herself (ie apologized for

leaving) and walked out of the meeting. 她站起

身來為中途離開道了歉, 然後走出會場. *| He

excused himself for being late by saying that

his car had broken down. 他為遲到作辯解, 說

他的汽車壞了. 2 [esp passive 尤用於被動語態:

Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n] ~ sb (from sth) set sb free

from a duty, requirement, punishment, etc 免

除某人的責任、 對其要求、 懲罰等: He was

excused (from) piano practice. 他獲準不必練習

鋼琴. *| They may be excused (from doing) this

exercise. 他們可以免做這一練習. 3 (idm 習語)

excuse me (a) (used as an apology when one

interrupts, disagrees, disapproves or has to

behave impolitely 用作打擾別人、 表示不贊成、不同意或失禮時的道歉用語): Excuse me, is

anybody sitting here? 請問, 這兒有人坐嗎? *|

Excuse me, but I don't think that's quite true.

很抱歉, 我認為這與事實略有出入. (b) excuse me?

(esp US) Please repeat what you said. 請再說一

遍. excuse/pardon my French => French. may

I be excused? (euph 婉 Brit) (used esp by

schoolchildren) may I go to the toilet? （尤作小學生用語）我可以上廁所嗎?

excusable

/ Ik5skju:zEbl; Ik`skjuzEbl/ adj that may be excused 可原諒的: an excusable mistake 可原諒的錯誤.

excusably

/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv.

excuse

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 We say Excuse me to someone if we want to get his or her attention or before we do something that might disturb him or her, eg interrupt him/her, push him/her in a crowd, disagree with him/her 我們說 Excuse me, 是為了引起他人注意或因為可能打擾他人, 如打斷別人談話、 在人群中推擠別人、 不同意別人的意見: Excuse me, can I get past, please? 勞駕, 能讓我過去嗎? 2 We say Sorry or (formally) I beg your pardon when we need to apologize for something 我們說 Sorry 或（鄭重其事時說）I beg your pardon, 是因為需要為某事道歉: Sorry, did I tread on your toe? 對不起, 我踩著你的腳了吧? *| I beg your pardon. I think you were next in the queue. 對不起, 你原來是排在下一個的. In US English Pardon me and Excuse me are used for apologies. 在美式英語中, Pardon me 和 Excuse me 都用以表示道歉. 3 We say Pardon? when we did not hear what someone said and want them to repeat it. 若未聽見某人剛說的話而請其重復時, 說 Pardon?. *|In this case Sorry? is also used in British English and Excuse me? or Pardon me? in US English. 在這種情況下, 用英式英語還可說 Sorry?, 而用美式英語則要說Excuse me?或 Pardon me?.

execrable

/ 5eksIkrEbl; `ZksIkrEbl/ adj (fml 文) very bad; terrible 極壞 的 ; 糟透 的 ; 惡 劣的 : execrable manners,weather 極度的無禮、 惡劣的天氣.

execrably

/ -blI; -blI/ adv.

execrate

/ 5eksIkreIt; `ZksI9kret/ v [esp passive 尤用於被動語態 : Tn] (fml 文 ) express or feel hatred of (sb/sth); curse 憎恨, 厭惡（某人[某事物]）; 咒罵; 詛咒.

execration

/ 9eksI5kreIFn; 9ZksI`kreFEn/ n [U, C].

execute

/ 5eksIkju:t; `ZksI9kjut/ v [Tn] 1 (fml 文) carry out, perform (what one is asked or told to do) 執行; 實行; 履行; 完成: execute sb's commands 執行 963某人的命令 *| execute a plan, a piece of work, a purpose 實行一計劃、 完成一工作、 達到一目

的. 2 (law 律) (a) put (sth) into effect 使（某事）生效; 實施: execute a will 依照遺囑行事. (b) make (sth) legally valid 使（某事）有法律效力: execute a legal document, ie by having it signed, witnessed, sealed and delivered 使一法律文件生效（經簽署、 簽名見證、 封印、 交付者）. 3 kill (sb) as a legal punishment 將（某人）處死: He was executed for treason. 他因叛國罪已處死. *| execute a murderer 處決一謀殺犯. 4 (fml 文 ) perform (sth) on the stage, at a concert, etc （在舞臺上或音樂會中）演奏; 表演: execute a dance step 表演舞步 *| The piano sonata was badly executed. 這首鋼琴奏鳴曲演奏得很糟. 5 (computing 計) carry out (the instructions of a computer program) 執行（計算機程序的指令）.

execution

/ 9eksI5kju:Fn; 9ZksI`kjuFEn/ n 1 [U] carrying out or performance of a piece of work, plan, design, duty, etc 執行; 實行; 履行; 完成: His original idea was good, but his execution of the scheme was disastrous. 他的設想很好, 但實行起來卻糟糕透頂. *| The plans were finally put into execution. 這些計劃終於得以實施. 2 [U] (law 律) action of carrying out the orders of a will 對 遺 囑 條 款 的 執 行 : The solicitor is proceeding with the execution of my mother's will. 律師正著手執行我母親的遺囑. 3 [C, U] (act of) killing sb as a legal punishment 處死刑; 死刑: execution by hanging 以絞刑處死 *| five executions last year 去年執行的五起死刑. 4 [U] (fml 文) skill in performing eg music 表演技巧（如音樂演奏）: The pianist's execution of the concerto was marvellous. 那鋼琴師彈的協奏曲神乎其技. 5 (idm 習語) a stay of execution => stay n.

executioner

/ 9eksI5kju:FEnE(r); 9ZksI`kjuFEnL/ n public official who carries out a death sentence 死刑執行人; 行刑人.

executive

/ Ig5zekjUtIv; I^`zZkjJtIv/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] 1 (esp in business) concerned with the management and carrying out of plans, decisions, etc （尤指企業中）經營管理的, 經營的, 經理的: executive duties 經營管理的職責 *|possess executive ability 具有管理的才能. 2

having power to carry out decisions, laws, decrees, etc （對決策、 法律、 法令等）有執行權的, 行政的, 決策的: executive authority 行政當 局 *| the executive branch of the Government 政府的行政部門 *| the executive committee of a political party 一政黨的執行委員會 *| the executive head of State, eg the President of the US 一國的行政首長（如美國的總統）.

executive

n 1 [CGp] person or group in a business organization, trade union, etc with administrative or managerial powers （在企業、工會等中的）行政領導; 經理; 董事; 董事會: a sales executive 營業主任 *| She's an executive in a computer company. 她是一家計算機公司的行政人員. *| The executive has/have been making decisions about the future of the company. 領導層一直在研究公司未來的決策. *|[attrib 作定語] an executive briefcase 行政人員公事包. 2 [C] (in the Civil Service) person who carries out what has been planned or decided （政府文職部門的）行政人員: [attrib 作定語] executive officer 行政主任. 3 the executive [Gp] executive branch of a government 政府的行政部門.

executor

/ Ig5zekjUtE(r); I^`zZkjEtL/ n person who is appointed by the maker of a will to carry out the terms of the will （立遺囑人指定的）遺囑執行人.

exegesis

/ 9eksI5dVi:sIs; 9ZksE`dVisIs/ n (pl -ses / -siz; -siz/)[U, C] (fml 文) explanation and interpretation of a written work, esp the Bible 詮釋, 注解, 注釋（尤指對《圣經》的文字）.

exemplary

/ Ig5zemplErI; I^`zZmplErI/ adj 1 serving as an example; suitable for imitation 用作模范的; 可作楷模的: exemplary behaviour 模范行為 *| an exemplary student 模范學生. 2 (fml 文) serving as a warning 用 作 警 戒 的 : exemplary punishment 警戒性的懲罰.

exemplify

/ Ig5zemplIfaI; I^`zZmplE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn] 1 be a typical example of (sth) 是（某事物）的典型: This painting exemplifies the artist's early style. 這幅畫是該畫家早期藝術風格的典型. 2 (fml 文 ) give an example of (sth); illustrate by example 舉 出（某 事物）的 例子 ; 舉例說 明 : 964exemplify the problems involved. 舉例說明所涉

及的問題.

exemplification

/ Ig9zemplIfI5keIFn; I^9zZmplEfE`keFEn/ n 1 [U] exemplifying 舉例說明; 示范. 2 [C] (fml 文) example 例證; 例子; 范例.

exempt

/ Ig5zempt; I^`zZmpt/ adj [pred 作表語] ~ (from sth) free from an obligation, duty or payment; not liable 被免除義務或責任; 不用付款; 被豁免: exempt from military service 免 服 兵 役 *|exempt from working overtime 免於超時工作*| goods exempt from tax 免稅貨物 *| Children under 16 are exempt from prescription charges. 16 歲以下的兒童免付處方費.

exempt

v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (fml 文) make sb/sth exempt 使某人[某事物]免除或豁免: His bad eyesight exempted him from military service.他因視力不好而免服兵役.

exemption

/ Ig5zempFn; I^`zZmpFEn/ n [U, C].

exercise

/ 5eksEsaIz; `ZksL9saIz/ n 1 [U] use or practice (of the mind or esp the body) through effort or action （智力的）運用; （尤指）鍛煉運動: The doctor advised him to take more exercise. 醫生建議他多運動. *| Jogging is a healthy form of exercise. 慢跑是有益健康的鍛煉方式. *| Doing crosswords gives the mind some exercise. 做縱橫字謎游戲能鍛煉腦筋. 2 [C] activity or task intended for physical or mental training 練習; 訓 練 : vocal, gymnastic, keep-fit, deep-breathing, etc exercises 發音、 體操、 保健、 深呼吸等練習 *| exercises for the piano, flute, harp, etc 鋼琴、 長笛、 豎琴等的練習 *|The teacher set her class a mathematics exercise for homework. 那位女教師給班上布置數學的家庭作業. *| [attrib 作定語] an exercise book, ie a book for writing in with soft covers and lined pages 練習本. 3 [U] ~ of sth (effective) use or application （有效的）使用或應用: The exercise of patience is essential in diplomatic negotiations. 在外交談判中, 重要的是要有耐性. *| the exercise of one's civil rights 公民權利的行 使 *| His stories showed considerable exercise of the imagination. 他的故事頗具創意. 4 [C often pl 常作復數] series of movements or operations for training troops, etc （部隊等的）操練, 演習: military exercises 軍事操練 *| (fig

比喻) an exercise in diplomatic relations 外交關系上的舉動. 5 exercises [pl] (US) ceremonies 典禮; 儀式: graduation exercises 畢業典禮 *|opening exercises, eg speeches at the start of a conference 開幕儀式（如致開幕詞）.

exercise

/ 5eksEsaIz; `ZksL9saIz/ v 1 [I] perform some kind of physical exercise （體能方面）鍛煉, 運動: He exercises twice a day. 他每天鍛煉兩次. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in sth) give exercise1(1) to sb/sth; train sb/sth (by means of exercises) 使某人[某物]得到鍛煉; 訓練某人[某物]: Horses get fat and lazy if they are not exercised. 馬不訓練就會增膘、 變懶. *| Swimming exercises the whole body. 游泳能使身體得到全面的鍛煉. 3 [Tn] make use of (sth); employ 利用（某物）; 使用; 運用: exercise patience, tolerance, power, control, etc 運用耐性、 忍耐力、 權力、 控制力等 *| exercise one's rights as a citizen 行使公民權 *| Teachers exercise authority over their pupils. 教師經常管束學生. 4 [Tn usu passive 通常用於被動語態] (fml 文) worry or trouble (sb) 使（某人）擔心、 憂慮或煩惱: This problem is exercising our minds very much at the moment. 這一問題此刻使我們很傷腦筋. *| I am very much exercised about the education of my son. 我對兒子的教育十分操心.

exert

/ Ig5z:t; I^`z[t/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sb/sth) bring (a quality, skill, pressure, etc) into use; apply sth 用（某特質、 技巧、 壓力等）; 應用（某物）: He exerted all his influence to make them accept his plan. 他用盡一切影響力使他們接受他的 計 劃 . *| Her husband exerted a lot of pressure on her to succeed. 她丈夫殷切期望她能成功, 給了她很大的壓力. 2 [Tn no passive 不用於被動語態] ~ oneself make an effort 努力; 盡力: You'll have to exert yourself more if you want to pass your exam. 你若想考試及格, 就必須更加努力. *| He doesn't have to exert himself on my behalf. 他不必為我費那麼大力氣.

exertion

/ Ig5z:Fn; I^`z[FEn/ n (a) [U] action of applying influence, etc 發揮; 運用; 行使; 施加: Exertion of authority over others is not always wise; persuasion may be better. 利用權力壓服別人并非永遠是上策, 運用說服方法或許更為可取. (b) [C, U] (instance of) great effort 努力; 盡力; 費力: incapable of physical exertion 體力上不能勞累的 *| He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his 965exertions. 他雖然竭盡全力, 但仍未能將那石塊搬

起. *| Now that I'm 90, I find the exertions of

travelling too great. 我年屆 90 歲, 出遠門已力不

從心.

exeunt

/ 5eksIEnt; `ZksIEnt/ (Latin 拉) (as a stage direction

用作舞臺說明) they leave the stage 他們退場:

exeunt Antony and Cleopatra 安東尼和克婁巴

特拉退場. Cf 參看 exit v 2.

exhale

/ eks5heIl; Zks`hel/ v [I, Tn] (fml 文) 1 breathe (sth)

out 呼出（某物）: She exhaled slowly to show

her annoyance. 她長吁著氣以示厭煩. *| exhale

air from the lungs 從肺中呼出氣來 *| exhale

smoke 吐出煙霧. 2 give off or expel (gas or

vapour) 散發或排出（氣體）.

exhalation

/ 9ekshE5leIFn; 9ZksE`leFEn/ n (fml 文) 1 [C] act of

exhaling 呼氣; 排氣. 2 [U, C] thing exhaled 被

呼出或排出之物: an exhalation of smoke 排出的

煙.

exhaust

/ Ig5zR:st; I^`zRst/ n 1 [U] waste fumes, gases, steam, etc expelled from an engine or a

machine （機器排出的）廢氣、 蒸氣等: the smell

of the exhaust 排出的廢氣氣味 *| [attrib 作定

語 ] exhaust fumes 排 出 的 廢 氣 . 2 (also

ex`haust-pipe) [C] outlet or pipe through

which these gases are sent out 排氣口; 排氣管:

My car needs a new exhaust. 我的汽車該換排氣

管了. =>illus at App 1 見附錄 1 之插圖, page xii.

exhaust

/ Ig5zR:st; I^`zRst/ v [Tn] 1 [esp passive 尤用於被動

語態] make (a person or an animal) very tired

使（人或動物）非常疲倦: The long cycle ride

exhausted her. 她因長途騎車而疲憊不堪. *| He

exhausted himself in the attempt. 他因十分努

力而筋疲力盡. 2 use (sth) up completely 用盡, 耗盡（某物）: exhaust one's patience, strength

失去耐性、 用盡力氣 *| exhaust a money

supply 把錢用光. 3 make (sth) empty; take out

the contents of 將（某物）弄空; 取出（所含之物）:

exhaust a well 將井汲乾. 4 say, find out, all

there is to say about (sth) 詳盡論述（某事物）: I

think we've just about exhausted that subject.

我認為我們對這一問題已差不多是言無不盡了.

exhausted

/ Ig5zR:stId; I^`zRstId/ adj very tired 極其疲倦的:

I'm exhausted! 我 已 筋 疲 力 盡 了 ! *| The

exhausted troops surrendered. 部隊人困馬乏結果投降了.

exhaustion

/ Ig5zR:stFEn; I^`zRstFEn/ n [U] 1 total loss of strength; extreme tiredness 筋疲力盡; 精疲力竭 ; 極 度 疲 勞 : They were in a state of exhaustion after climbing the mountain. 他們爬山以後筋疲力盡了. 2 (fml 文) action of using up completely 用盡; 耗盡; 枯竭: the rapid exhaustion of the earth's natural resources 地球上自然資源的迅速枯竭.

exhaustive

/ Ig5zR:stIv; I^`zRstIv/ adj very thorough; complete 徹底的; 詳盡的; 完全的; 全面的: an exhaustive enquiry, search 徹底的調查、 搜查.

exhaustively

adv.

exhibit

/ Ig5zIbIt; I^`zIbIt/ n 1 object or collection of objects displayed for the public, eg in a museum 展覽品; 陳列品: a priceless exhibit 一件極貴重的陳列品 *| The museum has some interesting new exhibits from India. 博物館新陳列一些有趣的印度展品. *| Do not touch the exhibits. 請勿觸摸展品. 2 document, object, etc produced as evidence in a lawcourt （當庭出示的）證件, 物證, 證據: The first exhibit was a knife which the prosecution claimed was the murder weapon. 當庭出示的第一件物證是一把刀, 據原告稱是為謀殺兇器.

exhibit

/ Ig5zIbIt; I^`zIbIt/ v 1 (a) [Tn] show or display (sth) for the public (for pleasure, for sale, in a competition, in a lawcourt, etc) 當眾顯示或展出（某物）: exhibit flowers at a flower show 在花展上展出花卉 *| documents exhibited in a lawcourt 當庭出示的文件. (b) [I, Tn] (of an artist) present (works of art) for the public, esp in an art gallery （指藝術家）展出（藝術品）（尤指於美術館）: The young painter has exhibited (his work) in several galleries. 那年輕畫家的作品已在幾家美術館中展出. 2 [Tn] (fml 文) show clearly that one possesses (a quality or feeling) 表現, 顯示, 顯出（某特質或感情）: He exhibited total lack of concern for the child. 可以看出他對 那 孩 子 毫 不 關 心 . *| She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb. 她在攀登過程中表現出極大的耐力.

exhibitor

n person who displays pictures, flowers, etc at 966a show （畫展、花展等的）展出者, 參展者: Nearly

fifty exhibitors have provided pictures for the display. 有近五十名參展者為畫展提供了展品.

exhibition

/ 9eksI5bIFn; 9ZksE`bIFEn/ n 1 [C] (a) collection of things shown publicly (eg works of art, industrial or commercial goods for advertisement) 展覽品; 展覽; 展覽會: Have you seen the Picasso exhibition? ie exhibition of paintings by Picasso. 你參觀過畢加索的畫展嗎?

*| [attrib 作定語] one of the exhibition halls at the Frankfurt book fair 法蘭克福書展的展廳之一 . (b) public display of animals, plants, flowers, etc (esp as shown in a competition for prizes) 動物、 植物、 花卉等的展覽（尤指為獲獎而參賽的）. 2 (a) [sing] act of showing (a quality or feeling) （某特質或感情的）表現, 顯示: an exhibition of bad manners 無禮的表現 *| The quiz was a good opportunity for the exhibition of his knowledge. 這次測驗是他顯示知識的好機會. (b) [C] public demonstration of a skill （技術的）公開示范表演: There's an exhibition of pottery-making at the fair. 在集市場上有陶器制作的示范表演. *| a dancing exhibition 舞蹈表演. =>Usage at demonstration 用 法 見demonstration. 3 [C] (Brit) money allowance to a student from school or college funds for a number of years to pay for the costs of study 獎學金. 4 (idm 習語) make an exhi`bition of oneself (derog 貶) behave foolishly or badly in public 當眾出丑; 出洋相: People at the party were embarrassed when Frank got drunk and made an exhibition of himself. 弗蘭克喝醉了, 出盡洋相, 使參加聚會的人很難為情.

exhibitioner

/ -FEnE(r); -FEnL/ n (Brit) student who receives an exhibition(3) 獲獎學金的學生.

exhibitionism

/ -FEnIzEm; -FEnIzEm/ n [U] 1 tendency to behave in a way intended to attract attention to oneself 表現癖: She was embarrassed by his exhibitionism at the party. 他在聚會上竭力表現自己使她感到很難堪. 2 (fml 文) offence of indecently exposing one's sexual organs in public 露陰癖（當眾暴露自己性器官的猥褻行為）.

exhibitionist

/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person who is given to exhibitionism 好自我表現的人; 有露陰癖的人:

Children are natural exhibitionists. 兒童天生喜歡自我表現.

exhilarate

/ Ig5zIlEreIt; I^`zIlE9ret/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被動語態] make (sb) feel very happy or lively 使（某人）愉快或活躍: exhilarated by the news 這消息使人高興 *| We felt exhilarated by our walk along the beach. 我們沿著海灘散步感到心曠神怡.

exhilarating

adj very exciting; causing happiness 使人興奮的; 令人高興的: Our first parachute jump was an exhilarating experience. 我們第一次跳傘感到興奮莫名.

exhilaration

/ Ig9zIlE5reIFn; I^9zIlE`reFEn/ n [U].

exhort

/ Ig5zR:t; I^`zRrt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t] ~ sb (to sth) (fml 文) advise sb strongly or earnestly; urge sb 勸告, 規勸或告誡（某人）: The chairman exhorted the party workers to action. 主席敦促黨的工作人員采取行動. *| The teacher exhorted him to work hard. 教師諄諄告誡他要用功.

exhortation

/ 9egzR:5teIFn; 9Z^zRr`teFEn/ n 1 [U] (fml 文) action of exhorting 勸告; 規勸; 告誡. 2 [C] earnest request; speech, etc that exhorts 誠懇的要求; 勸告; 告誡: All his father's exhortations were in vain. 他父親的一切勸告都無效.

exhume

/ eks5hju:m; ?@ Ig5zu:m; I^`zum/ v [Tn] take (a dead body) from the ground (for examination) 掘出（尸體）（以檢驗）: When the police exhumed the corpse they discovered traces of poison in it. 警方掘出尸體, 發現有中毒的痕跡.

exhumation

/ 9ekshju:5meIFn; ?@ 9egzu:-; 9Z^zu`meFEn/n (fml 文) 1 [U] exhuming or being exhumed 掘尸. 2 [C] instance of this 掘尸.

exigency

/ 5eksIdVEnsI; `ZksEdVEnsI/ n [C often pl, U 作可數名 詞時 常作 復數 , 亦作 不可 數名詞 ] (fml 文 ) (condition of) urgent need or demand; emergency 緊急的需要或要求; 緊急情況; 危急關頭 : The people had to accept the harsh exigencies of war. 人們要承受戰亂的嚴酷現實.

exigent

/ -dVEnt; -dVEnt/ adj (fml 文 ) 1 requiring immediate action; urgent 需要立即采取行動的; 緊急的: an exigent set of circumstances 一系列亟待處理的情況. 2 requiring much; exacting 苛求的; 苛刻的: an exigent employer 苛刻的雇主.

exigently

967adv.

exiguous

/ eg5zIgjUEs; I^`zI^jJEs/ adj (fml 文) very small (in

amount); scanty 稀少的; 少量的; 微小的: an

exiguous diet 量少的規定飲食 *| the last of the

old man's exiguous savings 那老人微薄積蓄中

的剩余部分.

exile

/ 5eksaIl; `Z^zaIl/ n 1 [U] being sent away from

one's native country or home, esp for political

reasons or as a punishment; forced absence

流放; 放逐; 充軍:be/live in exile 於流放中[過流

放生活] *| go/be sent into exile 流亡[遭放逐] *|

a place of exile 流放地. 2 [C] long stay away

from one's country or home 長期去國或離家:

After an exile of ten years her uncle returned

to Britain. 她叔叔背井離鄉十年後返回英國. 3 [C]

person who lives away from his own country

from choice or because he is forced to （自愿

或被迫）去國者: a tax exile, ie a rich person who

moves to another country where the rate of

income tax is lower 遷往所得稅率較低國家居住

的富人 *| There were many French exiles in

England after the Revolution. 法國大革命後, 有許多法國人流亡英國.

exile

v [esp passive 尤用於被動語態: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb

(from...) send sb into exile 放逐某人: exiled for

life 遭終生流放 *| She was exiled from her

country because of her part in the plot against

the government. 她因參與反政府的陰謀而遭驅逐

出國.

exist

/ Ig5zIst; I^`zIst/ v [I, Ipr] 1 ~ (in/on sth) (a) be real

or actual; have being 存在; 有: Do you believe

fairies exist? ie that there are really fairies? 你

相信真有小神仙嗎? *| The idea exists only in

the minds of poets. 這種想法是詩人才有的. *|

laws that have existed for hundreds of years

已存在千百年的法規 *| Does life exist on Mars?

火星上有生命嗎? (b) be found; occur 被發現; 發

生: This plant exists only in Australia. 這種植

物只產於澳大利亞. 2 ~ (on sth) continue living, esp with difficulty or with very little money;

survive 生存（尤指有困難或錢很少）; 活下來; 幸

存: We cannot exist without food or water. 沒

有食物或水我們就不能生存. *| He exists on rice

and water, ie by eating rice and water. 他靠吃

米飯和水過活. *| I can hardly exist on the wage

I'm getting; there is no money for luxuries. 我

靠我掙的工資簡直難以 口, 根本無錢享受.

existence

/ -Ens; -Ens/ n 1 [U] state or fact of existing 存在:

Do you believe in the existence of ghosts? 你相信 有 鬼 嗎 ? *| This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence, ie that exists. 這是現存最早的希伯來語手稿. *| When did the world come into existence, ie begin to exist? 世界是什麼時候產生的? *| I was unaware of his existence until now. 現在我才知道有他這麼個人. 2 (a) [sing] manner of living, esp when this is difficult, boring, etc; way of living 生活（尤指艱苦、 無聊等的生活）; 生活方式: We led a happy enough existence as children. 我們小時候的生活過得很愉快. *| living a miserable existence miles from the nearest town 在遠離城鎮的偏僻地區, 過著凄慘的日子. (b) [sing, U] continuance in life; survival 生 存 ; 存 活 : The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence, ie for existence itself. 農民要靠豐收才能活命. *| They eke out a bare existence (ie They scarcely manage) on his low salary. 他們靠他微薄的薪金勉強 口. 3 (idm 習語) the bane of sb's existence => bane.

existent

/ -Ent; -Ent/ adj (fml 文) existing; actual 存在的; 現有的; 現存的.

existentialism

/ 9egzI5stenFElIzEm; 9Z^zIs`tZnFEl9IzEm/ n (philosophy 哲 ) theory (deriving from Kierkegaard / 5kIEkEgR:d; `kirkE9^Brd/ (1813-55), the Danish philosopher, and made popular by Sartre / 5sB:trE; `sBrtrE/ (1905-80), the French writer and philosopher) that man is a unique and isolated individual in a meaningless or hostile world, responsible for his own actions and free to choose his destiny 存在主義.

existential

/ 9egzI5stenFEl; 9Z^zIs`tZnFEl/ adj 1 (fml 文) of or relating to (esp human) existence （尤指人類）存在的; 與（人類）存在有關的. 2 of or relating to the theory of existentialism 存在主義的; 與存在主義有關的.

existentialist

/ -FElIst; -FElIst/ n, adj: He's an existentialist. 他是存在主義者. *| He holds existentialist views. 他持存在主義觀點.

exit

/ 5eksIt, also 5egzt; `ZksIt, `Z^zEt/ n 1 action of leaving; departure, esp that of an actor from the stage 離別; 離開; （尤指演員）退場: The 968heroine makes her exit (from the stage). 女主

角退場. *| When his ex-wife arrived at the party he made a swift exit, ie he left quickly. 在聚會上, 他的前妻來到時, 他匆匆離去. *|[attrib 作定語] an exit visa, ie a stamp or signature on a passport giving permission to leave a particular country 出境簽證. 2 way out (of a public building) （公共建筑物的）出口, 太平門: There are four emergency exits in the department store. 這百貨公司有四個緊急出口. *| [attrib 作定語] The exit signs in cinemas are usually illuminated. 電影院的出口標記通常都有照明. 3 point at which a road, etc turns off from a motorway or roundabout, allowing vehicles to leave （車輛可從高速公路或環狀交叉路駛出的）出口, 出路: At the roundabout, take the third exit. 在環狀交叉路口, 從第三條出路駛出 . *| Leave the motorway at the Stokenchurch exit. 在斯托肯徹切出口處駛離高速公路.

exit

v [I] 1 go out; (esp of an actor) leave (the stage) 出去; 離去; 退出; （尤指演員）退場: At the end of the third scene the actress exits. 該女演員於第三場結束時退場. *| (joc 謔) We exited from the party as soon as we could. 我們在聚會上能抽得身時, 便鞠躬下臺告辭而去. 2 (as a printed stage direction in plays) he or she leaves the stage （劇本中的舞臺說明）他下場: Exit Macbeth. 麥克佩斯退場. Cf 參看 exeunt.

exit poll

unofficial poll based on interviews with voters as they leave a polling station after voting 票站調查（在投票站外向剛投票者進行的訪問）.

exo

comb form 構 詞 成 分 external, outside or beyond 外 部 的 ; 外 面 的 ; 外 : exoskeleton / 5eksEUskelItn; 9Zkso`skZlEtn/, ie external covering on an animal, eg the shell of a crab *|exogamous / ek5sCgEmEs; Zks`B^EmEs/, ie marrying outside one's religion, caste, etc.

exodus

/ 5eksEdEs; `ZksEdEs/ n 1 [sing] ~ (from...) (to...) (fml or joc 文或謔) departure of many people at one time （大批人同時之）離去: the mass exodus of people to the sea and mountains for the summer holidays 為度暑假游山玩水大批人外出*| The play was so awful that there was a general exodus from the theatre at the interval.

那劇十分糟糕, 在幕間休息時觀眾紛紛離去. 2 the Exodus the departure of the Israelites from

Egypt, in about 1300 BC 出埃及事（約公元前1300 年以色列人離開埃及一事）. 3 Exodus title of the 2nd book of the Bible, which tells the story of this departure 《出埃及記》（《圣經?舊約》中的第 2 卷）.

exonerate

/ Ig5zCnEreIt; I^`zBnE9ret/ v [esp passive 尤用於被動語態: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) declare sb free from blame 宣 布 某 人 無 罪 過 : He was exonerated from all responsibility for the accident. 已確定他無須對該事故負任何責任.

exoneration

/ Ig9zCnE5reIFn; I^9zBnE`reFEn/ n [U].

exorbitant

/ Ig5zR:bItEnt; I^`zRrbEtEnt/ adj (fml 文) (of a price, charge, etc) much too high or great; unreasonable （指價格、 索價等）過高的, 過分的, 不合理的: exorbitant rents 過高的租金 *|The price of food here is exorbitant. 這兒的食物價格太高.

exorbitance

/ -tEns; -tEns/ n [U] (fml 文). exorbitantly adv:

exorbitantly expensive 過於昂貴.

exorcize, exorcise

/ 5eksR:saIz; `ZksRr9saIz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb/sth) (esp religion 尤用於宗教) drive out or expel (an evil spirit) by prayers or magic 用祈禱或魔法驅逐或祛除（惡魔）: A priest exorcized the ghost from the house. 教士將鬼從房屋中驅走. *| (fig 比喻) We gradually exorcized her feelings of panic and terror. 我們幫助她漸漸消除驚恐的感覺.

exorcism

/ 5eksR:sIzEm; `ZksRr9sIzEm/ n [C, U] (instance of) exorcizing 驅除邪魔.

exorcist

/ 5eksR:sIst; `ZksRr9sIst/ n person who exorcizes 驅除邪魔者.

exotic

/ Ig5zCtIk; I^`zBtIk/ adj 1 introduced from another country; not native 由外國引進的; 非本地的:

exotic houseplants 引 進 的 室 內 盆 栽 *|monkeys and other exotic animals 猴子及外來的其他動物 *| mangoes and other exotic fruits 果 及 其他 外國 水果 . 2 striking or attractive because colourful or unusual （因富色彩或式樣奇特）醒目的, 吸引人的, 漂亮的: exotic plumage 別致的羽毛 *| exotic clothes 奇裝異服.

expand

/ Ik5spAnd; Ik`spAnd/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (into sth) (cause sth to) become greater in size, 969number or importance 使（某事物）變大, 擴大, 增大, 增加, 增強, 擴展: Metals expand when

they are heated. 金屬受熱則膨脹. *| A tyre expands when you pump air into it. 輪胎一打氣就鼓起來. *| His modest business eventually expanded into a supermarket empire. 他原先不大的生意後來擴展成了超級市場集團企業. *|Our foreign trade has expanded greatly in recent years. 我國的對外貿易近年來已有極大發展. *| Why not try to expand your story into a novel? 你怎麼不把你的故事擴展成小說呢? 2 [I, Ipr] spread out; unfold 伸展; 伸開; 張開; 展開: The petals of the flowers expanded in the sunshine. 花瓣在陽光下張開了. *| His face expanded in a smile of welcome. 他喜笑顏開地表示歡迎. Cf 參看 contract3. 3 [I] (of a person) become more friendly or talkative （指人）變得熱情或愿意交談: The guests expanded a little when they'd had a glass or two of wine. 客人們喝了一兩杯酒以後, 就有說有笑了. 4 (phr v) expand on sth develop or give more of (a story, an argument, etc) 闡述或詳述（某事, 故事, 論點等）: You mentioned the need for extra funding. Would you expand on that? 你曾提到需要一筆額外資金. 你詳細談談好嗎?

expanded metal

sheet metal cut and stretched into a mesh used (esp) to reinforce concrete 拉制金屬網（尤指用於加固混凝土者）.

expanded polystyrene

light packaging or insulation material made of air-filled plastic 多孔聚苯乙烯, 多孔塑料（用充氣塑料制成的輕質包裝或絕緣材料）.

expanse

/ Ik5spAns; Ik`spAns/ n ~ (of sth) wide and open area (of land, sea, etc) （陸地、 海洋等的）廣闊的區域: the wide expanses of the Pacific 浩淼的太平洋海域 *| the blue expanses of the sky 廣闊的藍天 *| a broad expanse of brow 寬闊的前額.

expansion

/ Ik5spAnFn; Iks`pAnFEn/ n [U] action of expanding; state of being expanded 擴大; 擴展; 膨脹: the expansion of gases when heated 氣體受熱時的膨 脹 *| the expansion of his business interests 他的商業利益的增加 *| the expansion of the school system 學校機構的擴大.

expansionism

/ -FEnIzEm; -FEnIzEm/ n [U] belief in, or practice of, expansion, esp of one's territory or business

擴 張 主 義 , 擴 展 政 策 （ 尤 指 領 土 或 企 業 ） : Expansionism was advocated by many British politicians in the late 19th century. 19 世紀末, 英國許多政客鼓吹擴張主義. *| The owners of the firm feared the manager's vigorous expansionism. 公司的股東都懼怕經理冒進的擴展政策.

expansionist

/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person who wishes esp a country or business to expand 擴張主義者; （企業中）贊成擴展政策者: [attrib 作定語] Hitler's expansionist policies 希特勒的擴張主義政策 *| expansionist business plans 擴展企業的計劃.

expansive

/ Ik5spAnsIv; Ik`spAnsIv/ adj 1 able or tending to expand 可擴大或伸展的; 有擴大或伸展性的: He greeted us with an expansive gesture (eg he stretched his arms wide) and a wide smile. 他手舞足蹈笑逐顏開地迎接我們. 2 (of a person, his manner, etc) willing to talk a lot; unreserved （指人、 態度等）健談的, 豪爽的, 開朗的: an expansive after-dinner speaker 健談的飯後演講者 *| be in an expansive mood after a few drinks 喝了幾杯酒以後情緒高漲.

expansively

adv.

expansiveness

n [U].

expatiate

/ Ik5speIFIeIt; Ik`speFI9et/ v [Ipr] ~ on/upon sth (fml 文) write or speak at great length or in detail about a subject 詳述; 細說; 闡述: The chairman expatiated for two hours on his plans for the company. 董事長用兩小時闡述了公司的規劃.

expatriate

/ 9eks5pAtrIEt; ?@ -5peIt-; Zks`petrIIt/ n person living outside his own country 居於國外的人; 僑民:

American expatriates in Paris 居於巴黎的美國人 *| [attrib 作定語] expatriate Englishmen in Spain 西班牙的英國僑民.

expatriate

/ -rIeIt; -rI9et/ v [Tn] cause (sb) to leave his native country; expel 使（某人）移居國外; 將（某人）逐出本國; 流放: expatriated on suspicion of spying for the enemy 涉嫌里通外國而被逐出本國.

expect

/ Ik5spekt; Ik`spZkt/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tf, Tt, Tnt] ~ sth (from sb/sth) think or believe that sth will 970happen or that sb/sth will come 預料, 預計, 期待, 盼望（某事物會發生或某人[某事物]會來到）:

This is the parcel which we have been expecting (from New York). 這是我們一直在期待的（從紐約來的）郵包. *| I expect (that) I will be back on Sunday. 我預計星期日回來. *| You would expect that there would be/there to be strong disagreement about this. 可以料到此事會有嚴重分歧. *| You can't expect to learn a foreign language in a week. 不要指望一個星期就能學會一門外語. *| We expected him to arrive yesterday. 我們原以為他昨天能到. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb) hope and feel confident that one will receive sth (from sb) 期望, 盼望, 指望（從某人處）得到某事物: I was expecting a present from her, so I was disappointed I didn't receive one. 我原來一直盼望著能收到她送的禮物, 所以因得不到而失望. *| Don't expect any sympathy from me! 不要指望能得到我的同情! =>Usage at wait1 用法見 wait1. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tf, Tnt] ~ sth (from sb) require sth (from sb), esp as a right or duty 要求（某人）某事物（尤指有權或有責任要求者）: The sergeant expects obedience from his men/that his men will obey him/his men to obey him. 中士要士兵服從他的命令. *| I expect you to be punctual. 我要求你準時. *| You will be expected to work on Saturdays. 你們星期六要上班. 3 [Tn, Tf, Tt] (not in the continuous tenses 不用 於 進行 時態 ) (infml 口 esp Brit) suppose (sth); assume 料想為（某事物）; 認為; 猜想: `Who has eaten all the cake?' `Tom, I expect/I expect (that) it was Tom.' ｀誰把蛋糕都吃光了?＇｀我想是湯姆[大概是湯姆]吧.＇ *| `Will you need help?' `I don't expect so. ' ｀你需要幫忙嗎?＇｀我想不必了.＇*|`Will he be late?' `I expect so.' ｀他會遲到嗎?＇｀我想會的.＇ 4 (idm 習語) be expecting (a baby/child) (infml euph 口, 婉) be pregnant 懷孕: I hear Sally's expecting again. 我聽說薩莉又有身子了. expect too `much (of sb) believe or assume sb can do more than he can 對（某人）期望過高: `I can't finish this job by Friday you expect too much of me.' ｀我星期五以前干不完這項工作--你對我期望過高了.＇ (only) to be ex`pected likely to happen; quite normal 可能發生; 相當正常: A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected. 服下這些藥後會有些疲倦. *| It is only to be expected your son

will leave home eventually. 兒子總歸要離開家的, 這種事很難免.

expectancy

/ Ik5spektEnsI; Ik`spZktEnsI/ n [U] state of expecting or hoping 預料; 預計; 期待; 盼望; 指望: a look/feeling of expectancy 期望的神色[心情] *|She went to meet him with an air of expectancy, ie as if expecting him to bring sth.

她去見他時帶著有所期待的神情. Cf 參看 life expectancy (life).

expectant

/ Ik5spektEnt; Ik`spZktEnt/ adj expecting (esp sth good); hopeful 期待的; 期望的; 懷有希望的: (fml 文) children with expectant faces waiting for the pantomime to start 眼巴巴地等候童話劇開演的兒童們.

expectantly

adv.

expectant mother

woman who is pregnant 懷孕的女人.

expected

adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] that is expected 預料的; 預期的; 期望的: expected objections to the plan 預料到的對該計劃的反對意見.

expectation

/ 9ekspek5teIFn; 9ZkspZk`teFEn/ n 1 [U] ~ (of sth) firm belief that sth will happen; hope of gaining sth/that sth will happen 預料; 預期; 期待; 期望: There's no expectation of snow tonight. 今晚預料無雪. *| The children waited patiently in expectation of (ie expecting) the magician. 孩子 們 耐 心 地 等 待 著 魔 術 師 . *| He has little expectation of winning a prize. 他對獲獎不抱什麼希望. 2 [C usu pl 通常作復數] confident feelings (about sth) （對某事物）有信心的指望: His parents have great expectations for his future. 他父母對他的前途深寄厚望. *| She had high expectations of what university had to offer. 她對大學所能給她提供的一切期望很高. *|The holiday was beyond all expectations, ie better than was hoped for. 假日過得比預期的好得多. 3 (idm 習語) a,gainst/,contrary to (all) expec`tation(s) quite different from what was expected 出乎意料; 意想不到: a gold medal that was against all expectations 出乎意料的一枚金質獎章. ,expectation of `life years a person is expected to live 對某人的估計壽命. fall short of sb's/not come up to (sb's) expec`tations be less goodthan was expected 未 臻 理 想 : Unfortunately the restaurant he recommended fell far short of our expectations. 971遺憾的是他推薦的餐廳與我們心目中的相去甚遠.

*| His film performance didn't come up to expectations. 他在影片中的演出有負眾望.

expectorate

/ Ik5spektEreIt; Ik`spZktE9ret/ v [I, Tn] (fml or medical 文或醫) send out (phlegm from the throat, blood from the lungs) by coughing; spit 吐或咯（痰、 血、 唾液等）; 吐痰; 咯血; 吐唾液:

In cases of tuberculosis blood is expectorated. 肺結核病有咯血癥狀.

expectorant

/ -rEnt; -rEnt/ n medicine that helps sb to expectorate 祛 痰 劑 : The cough medicine contains an expectorant. 咳嗽藥中含有祛痰劑.

expedient

/ Ik5spi:dIEnt; Ik`spidIEnt/ adj [usu pred 通常作表語] (of an action) useful, helpful or advisable for a particular purpose, though not necessarily fair or moral （指行動）有用, 有助益, 可?。ǖ灰欢ê侠砘蛘敚? Since there was soon to be a general election, the Prime Minister decided that a change of policy was politically expedient. 鑒於即將舉行大選, 首相認為變通一下政 策 在 政 治 上 有 利 . *| actions that were expedient rather than principled 非原則性的權宜手段.

expedience

/ -Ens; -Ens/ (also expediency /-EnsI; -EnsI/) (n [U] suitability or usefulness for a purpose, though not necessarily fair or moral 適宜, 有用, 有利, 便利（但不一定合理或正當）: He acted from expediency, not from principle. 他為求達到目的, 喪失了原則.

expedient

n means of achieving an aim, which may not be fair or moral 權宜之計, 應急手段（不一定合理或正當）: resort to various expedients to get the money together 采取各種應急辦法籌款.

expediently

adv.

expedite

/ 5ekspIdaIt; `ZkspI9daIt/ v [Tn] (fml 文) help the progress of (work, business, etc); hasten or speed up 有助於（工作、 業務等）的進展; 加快; 加速: Please do what you can to expedite the building work. 請盡量加快建筑工作.

expedition

/ 9ekspI5dIFn; 9ZkspI`dIFEn/ n 1 (a) organized journey or voyage with a particular aim （為某目的而組織的陸路或水路的）遠行; 探險; 考察: send a party of people on an expedition 派一隊人去考察 *| go on an expedition to the North

Pole 到北極去探險 *| a hunting expedition 狩獵之行 *| (joc 謔) a shopping expedition 購物之行. (b) people, vehicles, ships, etc making this journey （進行遠征、 探險、 考察等的）人或使用的車輛、 船只等: members of the Mount Everest expedition 埃佛勒斯峰（即珠穆朗瑪峰）探險隊隊員. 2 (fml 文) speed; promptness 迅速; 敏捷: We carried out the captain's orders with all possible expedition. 我們毫不遲疑地迅速執行船長的命令.

expeditionary

/ -FEnErI; ?@ -nerI; -FEn9ZrI/ adj [attrib 作定語] of or forming an expedition 遠征的; 探險的; 考察的; 組成遠征隊等的: an expeditionary force, eg an army sent to take part in a war abroad 遠征軍（如到國外參戰的軍隊）.

expeditious

/ 9ekspI5dIFEs; 9ZkspI`dIFEs/ adj (fml 文) done with speed and efficiency 迅速而有效率的; 迅速完成的: an expeditious response 迅速的反應.

expeditiously

adv: We will carry out the enquiry as expeditiously as possible. 我們將盡快進行調查.

expel

/ Ik5spel; Ik`spZl/ v (-ll-) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) 1 force sb to leave (esp a country, school or club) 強迫（某人）離開（尤指國家、 學?；驎? 驅 逐 ; 趕 走 ; 開 除 : Following reports of drug-taking at a boarding-school, several senior boys have been expelled. 自從某寄宿學校傳出有人吸毒之後, 高年級有幾個男生已被開除. *| Two attaches at the embassy were expelled from the country. 大使館的兩名隨員已驅逐出境. 2 send or drive (sth) out by force 用力排出或驅出（某物）: expel smoke from the lungs 用力呼出肺里的煙 *| a fan in the kitchen for expelling cooking smells 為排出烹調氣味而安裝於廚房中的電扇.

expend

/ Ik5spend; Ik`spZnd/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/upon sth/doing sth) (fml 文) 1 spend, use (money, etc) in doing sth 花費, 使用（錢等）做某事: expend time, effort and money on a project 在一項目上花費時間、 精力和金錢. 2 use (sth) up; exhaust 用光（某物）; 耗盡: expend all one's ammunition, stores, fuel 用盡所有的彈藥、 儲備、 燃料.

expendable

adj (fml 文) that may be consumed, destroyed, etc to achieve a purpose 可消費的; 可消耗的; 972可 毀 滅 的 : In the Great War soldiers were

considered expendable. 在第一次世界大戰中, 人 們 認 為 士 兵 是 盡 可 犧 牲 的 . *| In these conservation-conscious times, areas of grassland are no longer expendable. 在人們意識到應當保護自然資源的這個時代, 草原已不容再受破壞了.

expenditure

/ Ik5spendItFE(r); Ik`spZndItFL/ n 1 [U] action of spending or using 花費; 使用: the expenditure of money on weapons 購 置 武 器 的 開 支 *|expenditure of energy on a project 在一項目上耗費的精力. 2 [C, U] amount (esp of money) spent （尤指金錢的）支出額: an expenditure of 500 on new furniture 購買新家具的 500 英鎊開銷 *| Limit your expenditure(s) to what is essential. 你要把開銷限制在必要的范圍內. Cf 參看 receipt 3.

expense

/ Ik5spens; Ik`spZns/ n 1 (a) [U] spending of money etc; cost 花 費 ; 代 價 : an expense of time, energy and cash 時間、 精力、 現金的花費 *|He hired a plane, regardless of expense. 他不惜代價, 租了一架飛機. *| Most children in Britain are educated at public expense. 英國大多數兒童靠公費受教育. (b) [C] cause of spending 花費的原因: An annual holiday is a big expense. 一年一度的假日是一筆大開銷. *| Running a car is a great expense. 一輛汽車的經常開支很大. 2 expenses [pl] money spent in doing a specific job, or for a specific purpose （做某工作或為某目的）花費的錢: travelling expenses 旅費 *|House repairs, holidays and other expenses reduced her bank balance to almost nothing.

修房、度假和其他開銷使她在銀行的存款所剩無幾.

*| Who's meeting the expenses of your trip? 誰為你支付旅費呢? 3 (idm 習語) at sb's expense (a) with sb paying 由 某 人 付 費 : We were entertained at the editor's expense. 由編輯付錢招待我們. (b) at sb who has behaved foolishly, been tricked, etc 針對某人（因其舉動愚蠢或受到捉弄等）: They had a good laugh (ie were very amused) at Sam's expense. 他們嘲弄薩姆而樂不可支. at great, little, no, etc ex`pense (to sb/oneself) with a lot of, little, no, etc money being spent (by sb/oneself) （某人[自己]）花費很大、 花費很小、 無花費等: We can redecorate the room at little expense, if we use this old paint. 我們要是用這種舊漆重新裝飾這房間, 就不

用花多少錢了. at the expense of sth with loss or damage to sth 在損失或損壞某事物的情況下: He built up a successful business but it was all done at the expense of his health. 他創建的企業很成功, 但這一切卻損害了他的健康. (all) expenses `paid with an employer, etc paying for everything （由雇主等）已付費用的: [attrib 作定 語 ] She's just returned from an all-expenses-paid trip to France. 她剛由法國回來, 旅途一切費用由雇主支付. go to/put sb to the expense of sth/doing sth spend/cause sb to spend money on sth 在某事物上花錢或使某人花錢: It's stupid to go to the expense of taking music lessons if you never practise. 花錢上音樂課而從不練習是很愚蠢的. *| put sb to a lot of expense 使某人破費極大. no expense(s) `spared with no regard for the cost 不惜費用: I'm going to take you out to dinner, no expense spared. 我帶你出去用餐, 花費多少都無所謂. spare no expense => spare.

expense account

record of money spent by an employee in the course of his work (and later paid by his employer) 報銷帳目（雇員工作上的開支記載, 事後由雇主償付）: Whenever he buys petrol, he puts it on his expense account. 他每次買汽油都記在報銷帳目上.

expensive

/ Ik5spensIv; Ik`spZnsIv/ adj costing a lot (of money) 費用大的; 昂貴的: an expensive car 昂貴的汽車*| Houses are very expensive in this area. 這地區房價很高. *| It's too expensive for me to buy. 太貴了, 我買不起.

expensively

adv: an expensively dressed lady 穿著昂貴服裝的女士.

experience

/ Ik5spIErIEns; Ik`spIrIEns/ n 1 [U] (process of gaining) knowledge or skill acquired from seeing and doing things 經驗; 體驗: We all learn by experience. 我們都從經驗中學習. *|Does she have much experience of teaching? 她教學經驗豐富嗎? *| He hasn't had enough work experience (ie experience of work) for the job. 他做這項工作尚無足夠經驗. *| I know from experience that he'll arrive late. 據我的經驗之談, 他要遲到的. 2 [C] event or activity that affects one in some way; event or activity that has given one experience(1) 經歷; 閱歷; 感受; 體會: an unpleasant, a trying, an unusual, etc 973experience 令人不快的、 難堪的、 不尋常等的經

歷 *| You must try some of her home-made wine it's quite an experience! ie it's very unusual. 你一定要嘗嘗她自制的葡萄酒--一飽口福! *| He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa. 他在非洲旅行時, 有許多有趣的經歷.

experience

v [Tn] have experience of (sth); feel 有（某事物）的經驗; 經歷; 感覺; 感受; 體驗: experience pleasure, pain, difficulty, great hardships, etc 體驗到愉快、 痛苦、 困難、 苦難等 *| The child had never experienced kindness. 這孩子從未受過善待. *| I don't think I've ever experienced real depression. 我認為我從未體驗過真正的情緒低 落 . experienced adj having experience; having knowledge or skill as a result of experience 有經驗的; 有閱歷的; 有見識的; 熟練的: an experienced nurse 有經驗的護士 *| He's experienced in looking after children. 他有照料孩子的經驗.

experiment

/ Ik5sperImEnt; Ik`spZrEmEnt/ n [C, U] (esp scientific 尤用於科學) test or trial done carefully in order to study what happens and gain new knowledge 實 驗 ; 試 驗 : perform/carry out/conduct an experiment 進行試驗 *| The researchers are repeating the experiment on rats. 研究人員用老鼠反覆做該試驗. *| prove a theory by experiment 通過試驗證實一理論 *|learn by experiment 通過試驗學習 *| (fig 比喻) The play was staged as an experiment. 這出劇已經試演.

experiment

v [I, Ipr] ~ (on/upon sb/sth); ~ (with sth) make an experiment 進 行 實 驗 ; 進 行 試 驗 : We experimented until we succeeded in mixing the right colour. 我們不斷進行實驗, 直至將所需顏色調配成功. *| experiment upon animals 用動物做實驗 *| experiment with new methods 實驗新方法.

experimentation

/ Ik9sperImen5teIFn; Ik9spZrEmZn`teFEn/ n [U] (fml 文) activity, process or practice of experimenting 實 驗 ; 試 驗 : Many people object to experimentation on animals. 許多人反對用動物做 實 驗 . *| [attrib 作 定 語 ] experimentation methods 實驗方法.

experimental

/ Ik9sperI5mentl; Ik9spZrE`mZntl/ adj of, used for,

using or based on experiments 實驗的; 用於實驗的; 用實驗的; 以實驗為基礎的: experimental methods 實驗方法 *| an experimental farm 實驗農場 *| an experimental physicist 實驗物理學家 *| experimental theatre 實驗劇場 *| The technique is still at the experimental stage. It hasn't been fully developed yet. 這項技術仍處於實驗階段, 尚未完全成熟.

experimentally

/ -tElI; -tlI/ adv: We are using the substance experimentally at first. 我們現在先試驗性地使用這種物質.

expert

/ 5eksp:t; `Zksp[t/ n ~ (at/in/on sth/doing sth) person with special knowledge, skill or training in a particular field 專家; 能手: an agricultural expert 農業專家 *| an expert in psychology 心理學專家 *| get the advice of the experts 向專家請教 *| an expert at playing golf 打高爾夫球的能手 *| an expert on ancient Greek vases 古希臘花瓶專家.

expert

adj ~ (at/in/on sth/doing sth) done with, having, or involving great knowledge or skill 熟 練 的 ; 老 練 的 ; 需 有 專 門 知 識 或 技 術 的 :

according to expert advice 根據專家的意見 *|an expert rider 熟練的騎手 *| an expert job 需有專門知識的工作 *| He's expert at/in cooking good cheap meals. 他善於烹制又好吃又便宜的飯菜.

expertly

adv.

expertness

n [U]: The expertness of her driving surprised him. 她駕駛技術熟練, 他感到很驚奇.

expertise

/ 9eksp:5ti:z; 9Zksp[`tiz/ n [U] expert knowledge or skill, esp in a particular field 專門知識或技能（ 尤 指 在 某 一 領 域 ） : Customers will be impressed by the expertise of our highly trained employees. 我們的雇員專業性強、 訓練有素, 保證顧客滿意. *| We were amazed at his expertise on the ski slopes. 他斜坡滑雪的技能使我們贊嘆不已.

expiate

/ 5ekspIeIt; `ZkspI9et/ v [Tn] (fml 文 ) accept punishment for (wrong one has done) and do something to show one is sorry; make up for 為（所犯罪過）受罰及補償; 贖（罪）; 抵償: expiate one's sin/a crime/one's guilt 贖罪.

expiation

974/ 9ekspI5eIFn; 9ZkspI`eFEn/ n [U] (fml 文): large

sums paid to the family in expiation of the wrongs done to them 為贖罪付給事主家人的巨額金錢.

expire

/ Ik5spaIE(r); Ik`spaIr/ v [I] 1 (of sth that lasts a period of time) come to an end; become no longer in use （指延續一段時間的某事物）結束, 不再使用, 期滿, 終止: Our present lease on the flat expires next month. 我們這套公寓的租約下月到期. *| When does your driving licence expire? 你的駕駛執照何時到期? 2 (esp medical 尤用於醫學) breathe out (air) 呼出（氣）. 3 (dated fml 舊, 文) die 死; 去世.

expiration

/ 9ekspI5reIFn; 9ZkspE`reFEn/ n [U] (fml 文) 1 ending, esp of the period when a contract, etc is in force 終止, 屆期, 期滿, 滿期（尤指合同等的有效期）: the expiration of the lease, tenancy, agreement, contract, etc 租約、租用、協議、合同 等 的 期 滿 . 2 (esp medical 尤 用 於 醫 學 ) breathing out (of air) （空氣的）呼出.

expiry

/ Ik5spaIErI; Ik`spaIrI/ n ~ (of sth) ending, esp of the period when a contract or agreement is in force 終止, 屆期, 期滿, 滿期（尤指合同或協議的有效階段）: the expiry of a driving licence, lease, credit card, contract, agreement, etc 駕駛執照、 租約、 信用卡、 合同、 協議等的期滿 *|[attrib 作定語] the expiry date 終止日期.

explain

/ Ik5spleIn; Ik`splen/ v 1 [Tn, Tw, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) make sth plain or clear; give the meaning of sth 解釋; 講解; 說明; 闡明: A dictionary explains the meaning of words. 詞典是解釋詞義的工具書. *| He explained his plan in some detail. 他仔細地說明了自己的計劃. *| Could you explain why you left? 你能說說你為什麼離開的嗎? *| Please explain this problem to me. 請把這個問題給我講解一下. 2 [Tn, Tf, Tw, Dn.pr, Dpr.f, Dpr.w] ~ sth (to sb) give or be a reason for sth; account for sth 說明某事物的原因或理由; 為某事物辯解: That explains his absence. 那就是他缺席的原因. *| He explained that his train had been delayed. 他解釋說他乘坐的火車誤點了. *| They explained what had happened. 他們為所發生的事進行了辯解. *| She explained her conduct to her boss. 她向老板說明了自己那種表現的原因. *| She explained to the children that the school had been closed. 她向孩子們解

釋 說學校 已經關 門了 . *| The manager has explained to customers why the goods were late. 經理已向顧客解釋貨物晚到的原因. 3 (idm 習語) ex`plain oneself (a) make one's meaning clear 把自己的意思解釋清楚: I don't understand your argument. Could you explain yourself a bit more? 我不明白你的論點, 你能把意思再說清楚些嗎? (b) give reasons for one's behaviour 為自己的行為作解釋: In recent weeks you've been late every day. Please explain yourself. 近幾個星期以來你每天都遲到. 請你說說原因. 4 (phr v) explain sth away give excuses why one should not be blamed for (a fault, mistake, etc) or why sth is not important 為（過失或錯誤等）辯解; 為某事物搪塞: You will find it difficult to explain away your use of such offensive language. 你使用這樣無禮的語言是很難說得過去的. *| He explained away his late arrival by blaming it on the crowded roads. 他辯稱路上人多而把遲到一事推脫得一乾二凈.

explanation

/ 9eksplE5neIFn; 9ZksplE`neFEn/ n 1 [U] (process of) explaining 解釋; 講解; 說明; 闡述: He left the room without explanation. 他離開了房間而未加解釋. *| I should say a few words (by way) of explanation. 我應當說幾句解釋的話. *| Had he anything to say in explanation of his behaviour? 他對自己的行為做過什麼解釋嗎? 2 [C] statement, fact, circumstance, etc that explains sth 能說明某事物緣由的言語、事實、情況等: That's not an adequate explanation. 這并不足以說明問題. *| a satisfactory explanation of the mystery 有關此奧秘的一種令人信服的解釋*| His explanations are always difficult to believe. 他的說法總是很難令人相信.

explanatory

/ Ik5splAnEtRrI; ?@ -tR:rI; Ik`splAnE9tRrI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] giving, serving or intended as an explanation 解釋的; 說明的: explanatory notes at the back of a book 書後的注釋.

expletive

/ Ik5spli:tIv; ?@ 5eksplEtIv; `ZksplItIv/ n (fml 文) violent (often meaningless) exclamation said in anger, pain, etc; swear-word （憤怒、 痛苦等時用的）嘆詞（常無意義）; 咒罵語: `Damn!' is an expletive. ｀該死!＇是咒罵語. *| He uttered several vigorous expletives when he dropped the iron on his foot. 他的熨斗掉下砸在腳上, 他隨口罵了幾聲.

explicable

/ Ik5splIkEbl, also 5eksplIkEbl; `ZksplIkEbl,Ik`splIkEbl/ 975adj (fml 文) that can be explained 可解釋的; 可

說明的: His behaviour is explicable in the light

of his recent illness. 他因近日患病, 這種表現是

可以理解的. *| Scientists had maintained that

the crop failure was not explicable. 科學家認為

作物歉收原因不明.

explicate

/ 5eksplIkeIt; `ZksplI9ket/ v [Tn] (fml 文) explain

and analyse (esp an idea, a statement or a

work of literature) in detail 詳細解說并分析（尤

指想法、說法或文學作品）: explicate one's moral

values 詳細闡述自己的道德標準.

explicit

/ Ik5splIsIt; Ik`splIsIt/ adj 1 (a) (of a statement, etc)

clearly and fully expressed （指說法等）明確而

詳細的: He gave me explicit directions on how

to get there. 他清清楚楚地告訴我怎樣到達那里.

*| They gave explicit reasons for leaving. 他們

明確地說出了離開的原因. (b) (of a person) saying

sth clearly, exactly and openly （指人）（說得）

明確的, 直率的, 開誠布公的: She was quite

explicit about why she left. 她對自己離去的原因

直言不諱. 2 with nothing hidden or implied 毫

不隱瞞的; 毫不含蓄的: explicit sex scenes in the

film 影片中露骨的性愛鏡頭.

explicitly

adv: She was explicitly forbidden to attend. 清

楚表明不準她參加.

explicitness

n [U].

explode

/ Ik5splEUd; Ik`splod/ v 1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to)

burst with a loud noise; blow up （使某物）爆

炸 ; 炸 開 : When the boiler exploded many

people were injured. 因鍋爐爆炸, 許多人受了傷.

*| The firework exploded in his hand. 那個爆竹

在他手里響了. *| explode a bomb 使一顆炸彈爆

炸. Cf 參看 implode. 2 [I, Ipr] (a) (of feelings)

burst out suddenly （指感情）迸發: At last his

anger exploded. 他 終 於 大 發 雷 霆 . (b) ~

(with/in/into sth) (of people) show sudden

violent emotion （指人）沖動, 激動: He exploded

with rage, fury, jealousy, etc. 他勃然大怒、 暴

跳如雷、 妒火中燒等. *| She exploded into loud

laughter. 她突然大笑起來. 3 [I] (of a population, etc) increase suddenly or quickly （指人口等）

突 然 或 迅 速 增 加 : the exploding world

population 激增的世界人口. 4 [Tn] destroy (a

theory, an idea, etc) by showing it to be false

破除, 推翻（一理論、 觀念等）（揭示其謬誤）: explode a superstition 破除迷信 *| The myth that eating carrots improves your eyesight was exploded years ago. 認為吃胡蘿卜可以改善視力的海外奇談, 多年前已祛除殆盡.

exploded diagram

one showing the parts of a structure in their relative positions but slightly separated from each other 分解圖.

exploit

/ 5eksplRIt; `ZksplRIt/ n [C] brave or adventurous deed or action 英勇的或冒險的行為或事跡: The daring exploits of the parachutists were much admired. 跳傘者大膽的冒險動作令人贊嘆不已.

*| (joc 謔) I'm not interested in hearing about Bill's amorous exploits. 我沒興 趣聽比爾那些色膽包天的事. =>Usage at act1 用法見 act1.

exploit

/ Ik5splRIt; Ik`splRIt/ v [Tn] 1 use, work or develop fully (esp mines and other natural resources) 利用或開發（尤指礦藏和其他自然資源）: exploit oil reserves, water power, solar energy, etc 開發石油資源、 開發水利資源、 利用太陽能. 2 use (sb/sth) selfishly and unfairly for one's own advantage or profit 剝削或利用（某人[某事物]）: child labour exploited in factories 在工廠中受剝削的童工 *| exploit a situation for one's own advantage 趁著形勢謀取私利 *| They exploited her generosity shamelessly. 他們無恥地利用了她的慷慨.

exploitable

adj that can be exploited 可利用的; 可開發的; 可剝削的: few exploitable coal-mines 少量可開采的煤礦.

exploitation

/ 9eksplRI5teIFn; 9ZksplRI`teFEn/ n [U] exploiting or being exploited 利 用 ; 開 發 ; 剝 削 : full exploitation of oil wells 充分利用油井資源 *|the exploitation of child labour 對童工的剝削.

explore

/ Ik5splR:(r); Ik`splRr/ v 1 [I, Tn] travel into or through (a place, esp a country) in order to learn about it 踏勘; 勘探; 探測; 在（一地方, 尤指一國家）探險, 考察: explore the Arctic regions 到 北 極 地 區 探 險 *| Columbus discovered America but did not explore the new continent. 哥倫布發現了美洲, 但沒有考察這塊新大陸. *|explore a castle 探察一城堡 *| As soon as they arrived in the town they went out to explore. 他們一到這座城鎮就出外查看周圍環境. 2 [Tn] examine (sth) thoroughly in order to test or 976find out about it （為測試或了解）仔細檢查（某

事物）; 探索; 探究: explore one's conscience 良

心省察 *| We explored several solutions to the

problem. 我們探討了幾種解決該問題的方法.

exploration

/ 9eksplE5reIFn; 9ZksplE`reFEn/ n 1 [U] activity of

exploring 勘 探 ; 探 測 ; 探 索 ; 探 究 : the

exploration of space 對宇宙空間的探索 *| a

voyage of exploration 探險航行 *| detailed

exploration of a subject 對一題目的詳細探討. 2

[C] instance of this 勘探; 探測; 探索; 探究: in

the course of his explorations of the country

在他對該國進行探索的過程中 *| an exploration

of the subconscious mind 對潛意識的探索.

exploratory

/ Ik5splCrEtrI; ?@ -tR:rI; Ik`splRrE9tRrI/ adj for the

purpose of finding out sth 勘探的; 探測的; 探

索的: exploratory medical tests 探索性的醫學試

驗 *| an exploratory expedition up the

Amazon river 沿亞馬孫河逆流而上的探險旅程.

explorer

/ Ik5splR:rE(r); Ik`splRrL/ n person who explores 勘

探 者 ; 探 測 者 ; 探 險 者 ; 探 索 者 ; 探 究 者 :

Christopher Columbus was one of the great

explorers. 克里斯托弗?哥倫布是偉大的探險家.

explosion

/ Ik5splEUVn; Ik`sploVEn/ n 1 (a) (loud noise caused

by) sudden and violent bursting; exploding 爆

裂（聲）; 爆炸（聲）: a bomb explosion 炸彈爆

炸 *| gas explosions 氣 體 爆 炸 *| The

explosion was heard a mile away. 那爆炸聲一

英里外都可聽到. (b) sudden outburst (of anger, laughter, etc) （憤怒、 笑聲等的）迸發: an

explosion of rage 大 發 雷 霆 . 2 great and

sudden increase 激增: a population explosion

人口激增 *| the explosion of oil prices 石油價格

的急劇上漲.

explosive

/ Ik5splEUsIv; Ik`splosIv/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定語] 1

likely or easily able to explode 爆炸性的; 易爆

炸的: an explosive mixture of chemicals 爆炸性

化學混合物 *| explosive materials 爆炸材料 *|

Hydrogen is highly explosive. 氫極易爆炸. 2

that arouses strong feelings or leads to violent

outbursts 使人沖動的; 導致猛烈爆發的: an

explosive situation, issue 一觸即發的形勢、 極

易 引 起 爭 端 的 問 題 *| Politics can be an

explosive subject. 政治問題容易引起激烈的爭論.

*| an explosive temper 暴躁的脾氣.

explosive

n [C] substance that is likely or able to explode 爆炸物; 炸藥: Dynamite is an explosive. 炸藥是爆炸物. *| The bomb was packed with high explosive, ie a substance that explodes with great force. 這炸彈裝有烈性炸藥.

explosively

adv.

exponent

/ Ik5spEUnEnt; Ik`sponEnt/ n 1 person or thing that explains and supports a theory, belief, cause, etc （理論、 信仰、 事業等的）倡導者, 擁護者: an exponent of free trade 自由貿易的擁護者 *|Huxley was an exponent of Darwin's theory of evolution. 赫胥黎是達爾文進化論的鼓吹者. 2 person able to perform skilfully a particular activity （某種活動的）能手: the most famous exponent of mime 最著名的啞劇表演大師 *|She's a practised exponent of the sport of water-skiing. 她 是 滑 水 運 動 健 將 . 3 (mathematics 數) figure or symbol that shows how many times a quantity must be multiplied by itself 指數; 冪: In a3, the figure 3 is the exponent. a3中的3是指數. *| In xn, the symbol n is the exponent. xn 中的 n 是指數.

exponential

/ 9ekspEU5nenFl; 9Zkspo`nZnFEl/ adj (mathematics 數) 1 of or indicated by an exponent(3) 指數的; 冪的: 24 is an exponential expression. 24 是一個 指 數 式 . 2 produced or indicated by multiplying a set of numbers by themselves 由指數產生或表示的: an exponential function 指數函數 *| (fig 比喻) exponential (ie more and more rapid) growth 越來越快的增長 *| an exponential curve, eg on a graph indicating population increase 指數曲線（如人口增長示意圖上的）.

exponentially

/ -FElI; -FElI/ adv: increase exponentially. 按指數增長.

export

/ 5ekspR:t; `ZkspRrt/ n 1 [U] (business or action of) exporting 輸出, 出口（的業務或活動）: a ban on the export of gold 禁止黃金出口 *| [attrib 作定語 ] an `export licence 出 口 許 可 證 *| the `export trade 出口貿易 *| `export duties, ie tax paid on exported goods 出口稅. 2 [C usu pl 通常作復數] thing exported 出口物; 輸出物: Last year's exports exceeded imports in value. 去年的出口價值超過進口. *| What are the chief exports of Botswana? 博茨瓦納的主要輸出品是 977什麼? Cf 參看 import2.

export

/ Ik5spR:t; Iks`pRrt/ v [I, Tn] send (goods) to another country for sale 輸 出 ; 出 口 : This company has a large home market (ie many buyers within the country) but doesn't export.

這家公司國內市場很大, 不做出口生意. *| India exports tea and cotton to many different countries. 印度向許多國家出口茶葉和棉花. Cf 參看 import1.

exportation

/ 9ekspR:5teIFn; 9ZkspRr`teFEn/ n [U] exporting of goods 輸 出 ; 出 口 : articles for exportation abroad 銷往國外的物品 *| He manufactures paper for exportation only. 他的工廠生產的紙張僅供出口.

exporter

n person, company or country that exports goods 出口商; 出口公司; 出口國: Argentina is a big exporter of beef products. 阿根廷是牛肉制品的一大出口國. *| He is a successful exporter of diamonds. 他是事業有成的鉆石出口商.

expose

/ Ik5spEUz; Ik`spoz/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) uncover or make (sth) visible; display 顯露或露出（某事物）; 顯示: When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑時露出了一口漂亮的白牙. (b) ~ sth/sb/oneself (to sth) uncover or leave sb/sth/oneself uncovered or unprotected 顯露或暴露某人[某事物/自己]; 處於無遮蔽或不受保護的狀態: The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare rock. 泥土被洪水沖走, 露出光禿禿的巖石. *| expose soldiers to unnecessary risks 使士兵冒不必要的危險 *|expose one's skin to the sun 使皮膚暴露於陽光下 *| The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain. 嬰兒被離棄於風雨之中. *| (fig 比喻) expose oneself to criticism, ridicule, mockery, etc 遭受批評、 嘲笑、 嘲弄等. 2 [Tn] (a) make known (sth secret); reveal 揭露（秘密）; 揭穿; 揭發; 揭破; 顯露: expose a plot, project, plan, etc 揭露陰謀、 方案、 計劃等 *| That unfortunate remark exposed his ignorance of the subject. 他說了那句不妥的話, 暴露了自己對此事的無知. (b) make known (the guilt or wrongdoing) of ( a secretly guilty person) 揭露（某人）的（不為人知的罪惡或過錯）; 揭穿; 揭發; 揭破: expose crime, scandal, injustice, fraud, etc 揭露罪行、丑聞、 冤假錯案、 騙局等 *| expose a criminal, an impostor, a culprit, etc 揭露罪犯、 冒名頂替

者 、 犯 錯 誤 的 人 等 . 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] (in photography) allow light to reach (film, etc) （攝影）使（軟片等）曝光: expose a reel of film 使一卷軟片曝光. 4 [Tn] ~ oneself indecently show one's sexual organs in public 猥褻性公開裸露自己的性器官: An old man was arrested for exposing himself to young children. 有個老頭向兒童裸露性器官而遭逮捕.

exposed

adj (of a place) not sheltered (from wind, weather, etc) （指地方）無遮蔽的; 不遮擋風雨的: The cottage is in a very exposed position at the top of the hill. 那小屋位於山頂毫無遮蔽之處.

expose

/ ek5spEUzeI; ?@ 9ekspE5zeI; 9ZkspE`ze/ n 1 short statement of a number of facts or beliefs （對事實或主張的）簡短的陳述. 2 account of the facts of a situation, esp when these are shocking or have been kept deliberately secret 敘述, 報道（ 尤 指 令 人 震 驚 的 或 曾 故 意 保 密 的 ） : The newspaper published an expose of the film star's past life. 報紙發表了該影星的逸聞. *| an expose of corruption within the government 揭露政府內部腐敗情況的報道.

exposition

/ 9ekspE5zIFn; 9ZkspE`zIFEn/ n (fml 文) 1 (a) [U] explaining or making clear by giving details 解釋; 說明. (b) [C] instance of this; explanation of a theory, plan, etc 解釋; 說明; 解說; （理論、計劃等的）講解: an exposition of the advantages of nuclear power 對核動力優越性的闡釋. 2 [C] exhibition of goods, etc （貨物等的）展出; 展覽會; 博覽會: an industrial exposition 工業博覽會.

expostulate

/ Ik5spCstFUleIt; Ik`spBstFE9let/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) (on/about sth) (fml 文) make a protest (to sb); reason or argue (with sb), esp to persuade him not to do sth （向某人）提抗議; （與某人）講道理或爭論; （尤指）規勸, 勸戒: They expostulated with him about the risks involved in his plan. 他們指出他的計劃有風險, 勸他放棄.

expostulation

/ Ik9spCstFU5leIFn; Ik9spBstFE`leFEn/ n [U, C] (making a) protest; reasoned persuasion, etc 抗議; 規勸; 勸戒: My expostulation(s) had no effect. 我提出的勸告毫無作用.

exposure

/ Ik5spEUVE(r); Ik`spoVL/ n 1 [U] action of exposing or state of being exposed 顯露; 暴露; 揭露; 揭發 ; 曝 光 : Exposure of the body to strong 978sunlight can be harmful. 身體受烈日曝曬會造成

損傷. *| The baby died of exposure, ie as a result of being exposed to the weather. 那嬰兒因曝露於室外而夭折. *| the exposure of his ignorance 他的無知的暴露 *| The exposure of the plot against the President probably saved his life. 揭發了反總統的陰謀可能救了他一命. *|the exposure of photographic film to light 攝影軟片的曝光. 2 [C] instance of exposing or being exposed (expose 2b) 揭露; 揭穿; 揭發; 揭破: As a result of these exposures (ie facts being made known to the public) several ministers resigned from the government. 這些問題揭發後, 有幾個大臣辭職了. 3 action of exposing a film etc to the light （軟片等的）曝光 *| An exposure of one-hundredth of a second will be enough, ie Exposing the film for that length of time will make a good picture. 曝光百分之一秒就夠了. *|How many exposures have you got left? ie How many pictures remain on the camera film? 還剩 下 多 少 張 底 片 沒 照 ? 4 [U] publicity (on television, innewspapers, etc) （電視、 報紙等上的）宣傳: Her new filmhas had a lot of exposure on television recently. 她的新影片最近在電視上做了大量宣傳.

exposure meter (also light meter)

device to measure illumination and to indicate how long a film should be exposed to light 曝光表.

expound

/ Ik5spaUnd; Ik`spaJnd/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) (fml 文) explain or make sth clear by giving details 詳 加 解 釋 或 詳 述 某 事 物 : expound a theory 詳細解釋一理論 *| He expounded his views on education to me at great length. 他向我詳細講述了他的教育觀點.

express

/ Ik5spres; Ik`sprZs/ adj [attrib 作定語] 1 going, sent or delivered quickly （進行、 傳遞或運送）迅速的: express delivery 快遞 *| an express letter 快信 *| an express messenger 傳送快件的信差. 2 clearly and definitely stated; explicit 清楚的; 明確的: It was his express wish that you have his gold watch after he died. 他的愿望很明確, 死後把金表留給你.

express

adv by express delivery; by express train 用快郵遞送; 乘快車: The parcel was sent express. 這包裹是用快郵寄的. *| travel express 乘快車旅

行.

expressly

adv 1 clearly; definitely 清楚地; 明確地: You were expressly told not to touch my papers. 已經明確地告訴過你不要動我的文件. 2 with a special purpose 特 地 ; 專 門 : a dictionary expressly compiled for foreign students of English 專為學習英語的外國學生編纂的詞典.

expressway (also throughway)

n (US) = motorway: a major accident on the expressway 高速公路上的嚴重車禍. =>Usage at road 用法見 road.

express

/ Ik5spres; Ik`sprZs/ n 1 [C] (also express train) fast train that stops at few stations 快車: the 8.00 am express to Edinburgh 早上 8 點開往愛丁堡的快車. 2 [C] (US) company that delivers goods quickly 捷運公司. 3 [U] service provided by the post office, railways, road services, etc for carrying goods quickly （郵局、 鐵路、 公路等部門提供的）快郵, 速遞, 速運: send goods by express 特快貨運.

express

/ Ik5spres; Ik`sprZs/ v 1 [Tn, Tw, Dn.pr, Dpr.w] ~ sth (to sb) show or make known (a feeling, an opinion, etc) by words, looks, actions, etc （用語言、 神色、 動作等）表示或表達（感情、 意見等）: The guests expressed their thanks before leaving. 客 人 們 臨 走 前 表 示 了 謝 意 . *| His actions express his love more than any words could do. 他用行動表示的愛勝過任何言語. *| He could not express his feelings of sadness to his mother. 他不能向母親表露出內心的悲痛. *| I can't express to you how grateful I am for your help. 你對我 的幫助 , 我感 激不 盡 . 2 [Tn] ~ oneself speak or write (clearly) what one thinks, feels, etc （清楚地）表達自己的意思:

Learning to express oneself well is an important part of education. 學會把意思表達清楚是受教育的一個重要方面. *| He is still unable to express himself in English. 他仍然不能用英語表達自己的意思. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from/out of sth) (fml 文) press or squeeze out (esp juices or oil) 壓 出或 榨出 （尤 指汁 液或 油） : juice expressed from grapes 自葡萄榨出的汁 *| milk expressed from a mother's breast 從母親乳房里擠出的乳汁. 4 [Tn] (Brit) send (a letter, parcel, etc) fast by special delivery 用快郵寄出（信、 郵包等）.

expression

979/ Ik5spreFn; Ik`sprZFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] action or

process of expressing (express3 1) 表示; 表達: She gave expression to her sadness, ie said or showed how sad she was. 她流露出了悲傷之情. *| The school encourages free expression in art, drama and creative writing. 學校鼓勵師生在藝術、 戲劇和文學創作上自由發揮. *| The scenery was beautiful beyond expression, ie too beautiful to describe. 那景色妙不可言. *|The poet's anger finds expression (ie a means of expressing itself) in the last line of the poem. 詩人在詩中最後一行把憤怒宣泄出來. (b) [C] (fml 文) instance or example of this 表示; 表達: expressions of welcome to the queen 對女王歡迎的表示 *| They greeted the president with many expressions of pleasure. 他們興高采烈地歡迎總統. 2 [C] look on a person's face that shows a mood or feeling 神色; 表情: a happy expression 愉快的神情 *| `I don't understand,' he said, with an expression of complete surprise (on his face). ｀我不明白,＇他說時（臉上）顯出驚訝的神色. 3 [U] showing feeling for the meaning when playing music or speaking （演奏樂曲或說話時流露出的）感情: recite a poem with expression 帶感情地朗讀詩歌 *| She puts great expression into her violin playing. 她的小提琴演奏感情充沛. 4 [C] word or phrase 詞; 詞語: `Shut up' (meaning `Stop talking') is not a polite expression. ｀閉嘴＇（意為｀別說話＇）不是禮貌用語. *| slang expressions 俚語. 5 [C] (mathematics 數) group of symbols expressing a quantity 式; 表達式: 3xy2 is a mathematical expression. 3xy2 是數學式.

expressionless

adj not showing feelings, thoughts, etc （對感情、 思想等）不流露的; 沒有表情的; 呆板的: an expressionless face, voice, tone, etc 呆板的面孔、 冷冰冰的聲音、 平淡的聲調等 *| His recitation was almost expressionless. 他的朗誦幾乎毫無感情.

expressionism

/ Ik5spreFEnIzEm; Ik`sprZFEn9IzEm/ n [U] style of painting, music, drama, film, etc which tries to express the artist's or writer's emotional experience rather than to show the physical world in a realistic way 表現主義.

expressionist

/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ adj, n: of the expressionist school 表現主義流派的 *| an expressionist film 表現主義流派的影片 *| He's an expressionist.

他是表現主義者.

expressive

/ Ik5spresIv; Ik`sprZsIv/ adj 1 showing one's feelings or thoughts 表現感情或思想的; 富有表情的: an expressive face, gesture 富有表情的臉、 姿勢 *| an expressive piece of music 抒情的樂曲. 2 [pred 作表語] ~ of sth (fml 文) expressing sth 表 示 或 表 達 某 事 物 : a cry expressive of pain 表示痛苦的呼叫 *| a look expressive of despair 表示絕望的神情.

expressively

adv: He reads his poems very expressively. 他朗誦自己的詩感情充沛.

expressiveness

n [U].

expropriate

/ eks5prEUprIeIt; Zks`proprI9et/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] (fml or law 文或律) 1 ~ sth (from sb) (a) take away (property, etc) for public use without payment to the owner 徵用, 沒收（財產等）: The new government expropriated his estate for military purposes. 新政府將他的地產徵作軍用.

(b) ~ sb (of sth) dispossess sb in this way （以徵用或沒收的方式）剝奪某人的（財產等的）所有權: She was expropriated (of her land). 她的（土地的）所有權已遭剝奪. 2 ~ sth (from sb/sth) take away (property, money, etc) illegally from the owners for one's own use （非法從物主處）取走（財物等）據為己有: He expropriated the jewels from the bank's safe. 他非法將他人的珠寶從銀行保險箱中取走.

expropriation

/ 9eks9prEUprI5eIFn; Zks9proprI`eFEn/ n [U, C].

expulsion

/ Ik5spQlFn; Ik`spQlFEn/ n ~ (from...) 1 [U] action of expelling or being expelled 驅 逐 ; 開 除 :

Expulsion from school is a harsh form of punishment. 開除學籍是嚴厲的懲罰. *| [attrib 作定語] an expulsion order, ie an official order expelling a person from a country 驅逐出境令. 2 [C] instance of this 驅逐; 開除: There have been three expulsions from the school this year. 今年學校已開除了三名學生.

expunge

/ Ik5spQndV; Ik`spQndV/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文) remove or wipe out (words, names, etc) from a list, book, etc （從名單、 書等上）除去、刪除或擦掉（詞語、名字等）: Her name was expunged from the list. 她的名字已從名冊上除掉. *| (fig 比喻) He could not expunge the incident from his memory. 他無法忘掉這件事. 980expurgate

/ 5ekspEgeIt; `ZkspL9^et/ v [Tn] remove (what are considered to be) improper or objectionable parts from (a book, etc) 從（書等中）刪除（被認為 ）不當或 令人反 感的部 分 : an expurgated edition of a novel 一部小說的潔本.

expurgation

/ 9ekspE5geIFn;9ZkspL`^eFEn/ n [C, U].

exquisite

/ 5ekskwIzIt, also Ik5skwIzIt; `ZkskwIzIt, Ik`skwI-zIt/ adj 1 extremely beautiful or delicate; finely or skilfully made or done 優美的; 優雅的; 精致的; 制作精良的: (an) exquisite painting 極漂亮的畫*| exquisite workmanship 精致的工藝 *| an exquisite piece of lace 精美的花邊. 2 (fml 文) (a) (of emotion) strongly felt; acute （指感情）感覺強烈的; 劇烈的: exquisite joy, happiness, etc 極大的愉快、 幸福等 *| exquisite pain, agony, etc 劇烈的疼痛、 痛苦等. (b) (of power to feel) delicate; sensitive （指感覺、 感受）敏銳的, 敏感的: exquisite taste 高尚的趣味 *| exquisite sensibility 細膩的感情.

exquisitely

adv.

exquisiteness

n [U].

ext

abbr 縮寫 = 1 exterior; external. Cf 參看 int 1. 2 extension (number) (eg of a telephone) 電話分機（號碼）: ext 4299 分機號碼 4299.

extant

/ ek5stAnt; ?@ 5ekstEnt; `ZkstEnt/ adj (esp of documents, etc) still in existence （尤指文件等）仍 然 存 在 的 , 現 存 的 : the earliest extant manuscript of this poem 此詩現存最早的原稿*| an ancient but extant law 一古老的但仍然有效的法律.

extemporaneous

/ ek9stempE5reInIEs; Zk9stZmpE`renIEs/ adj (fml 文) spoken or done without preparation; extempore 即席的; 無準備的.

extemporaneously

adv.

extempore

/ ek5stempErI; Ik`stZmpErI/ adj, adv (spoken or done) without previous thought or preparation; impromptu 無準備的; 即席的: an extempore speech 即 席 講 話 *| speak extempore, ie without notes 即席發言.

extemporize, extemporise

/ Ik5stempEraIz; Ik`stZmpE9raIz/ v [I] (fml 文) speak or perform extempore 即席講話; 即興表演: He

had to extemporize because he had forgotten to bring his notes. 他因為忘了帶講稿, 只好即席發言.

extemporization, extemporisation

/ Ik9stempEraI-5zeIFn; ?@ -rI5z; Ik9stZmpErE`zeFEn/ n [U, C].

extend

/ Ik5stend; Ik`stZnd/ v 1 [Tn] make (sth) longer or larger (in space or time) 使（某物）（在空間或時間上）更大, 更長, 伸長, 延長, 延展: extend a fence, wall, railway, garden 擴建籬笆、 墻、 鐵路、 花園 *| extend credit, ie prolong the time for payment of a debt 延長信用期限 *| Can you extend your visit a few days longer? 你能多停留幾天嗎? 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] lay or stretch out (the body or a limb) at full length 伸展, 舒展（肢體 ） : The gymnast extended her arms horizontally. 那女子體操運動員雙臂平伸. *| The bird extended its wings in flight. 那鳥展翅飛翔. *| He extended his hand to (ie offered to shake hands with) the new employee. 他主動與新雇員握手. 3 [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) offer or give sth 提供或給予某事物: They extended the Queen a warm welcome. 他們熱烈歡迎女王. *|extend hospitality, an invitation, a greeting to sb 款待、 邀請、 問候某人 *| They extended a warm welcome to her. 他們向她表示熱烈歡迎. 4 [In/pr] (of space, land, time, etc) reach or stretch; be continuous （指空間、 土地、 時間等）達到, 伸展, 伸延: The road extends for miles and miles. 這 條 路 向 遠 處 綿 延 伸 展 . *| My garden extends as far as the river. 我的花園一直伸展到河邊. 5 [Tn, Tn.pr] cause (sth) to reach or stretch 使（某物）達到或伸展: extend the ladder 將梯子伸長 *| extend a cable between two posts 在兩根柱子間拉一條纜繩. 6 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被動語態] use or stretch the abilities or powers of (oneself, a person or an animal) to the greatest possible degree 使（自己、 某人或某動物）竭盡全力: Jim didn't really have to extend himself in the examination. 吉姆這次考試大可不必那麼拼命. *| The horse was fully extended by the long ride up the mountain. 那匹馬長途爬山已用盡力氣了.

extended family

family structure (as in parts of Africa) where uncles, aunts and cousins are regarded as close relatives, with an obligation to help and support each other 大家庭（數代同堂的家庭）.

extension

981/ Ik5stenFn; Ik`stZnFEn/ n 1 [U] process or action of

extending (extend 1,2,3); state of being extended 伸長; 延長; 延展; 伸展; 提供; 給予:

The extension of the garden will take several weeks. 擴建花園需要幾個星期. *| the extension of scientific knowledge 科學知識的普及 *| the extension of a warm welcome 給予熱烈的歡迎. 2 [C] (a) ~ (to sth) added part; addition; enlargement 增加的部分; 增加; 擴大: build an extension to a hospital 擴建一醫院 *| Our extension is nearly finished. 我們的擴建部分已接近完工. (b) ~ (of sth) additional period of time 增加的一段時間; 延長期: an extension of one's summer holidays 暑 假 的 延 長 *| get an extension (of time), eg for paying a debt 獲得延期（如償債的寬限期）*| He's got an extension to finish writing his thesis. 他獲準延期交論文. 3 [C] telephone line leading from the main phone or switchboard to another room or office in a (large) building; its number 電話分機; 分機號碼: There are telephone extensions in every office. 每間辦公室都有電話分機. *| She has an extension in the kitchen and in the bedroom. 她的廚房和臥室都有電話分機. *|`Extension 326, please.' ｀請接 326 號分機.＇ 4 [U] (medical or fml 醫 或 文 ) (a) action of stretching out a limb or finger （四肢或手指的）伸展: Extension of the injured arm was painful. 把受傷的胳膊伸展開是很疼的. (b) its position when stretched out 伸展開的姿勢: The leg is now at full extension. 現在腿已伸直.

extensive

/ Ik5stensIv; Ik`stZnsIv/ adj 1 large in area; extending far 廣大的; 廣闊的: an extensive view 廣闊的視野 *| extensive farming 粗放的耕作 *| the extensive grounds of a country house 農舍的寬敞庭院. 2 large in amount; wide-ranging 大 量 的 ; 廣 泛 的 : extensive alterations to a building 對一建筑物大規模的改建 *| Her knowledge of the subject is extensive. 她這方面的學識很淵博.

extensively

adv: He has travelled extensively in Europe. 他遍游歐洲各地.

extensiveness

n [U] (fml 文 ): The extensiveness of his knowledge surprised them. 他知識廣博使他們很驚奇.

extent

/ Ik5stent; Ik`stZnt/ n 1 [U] length; area; range 長

度; 面積; 范圍: From the roof we could see the full extent of the park. 我們從屋頂可以一覽公園的全景. *| I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge. 我對他知識的淵博感到驚奇. *| The new race track is nearly six miles in extent. 這條新跑道將近六英里長. 2 (idm 習語) to some, what, such an, a certain, etc extent to the degree specified 達到某程度: To some extent you are correct. 在某種程度上你是正確的. *| To what extent can he be believed? 可以相信他到什麼程度? *| The carpet was badly stained, to such an extent that (ie so much that) you couldn't tell its original colour. 這塊地毯已經臟得辨認不出原來的顏色了. *| I agree with you to a certain extent, but... 我在一定程度上同意你的意見, 但... *| He's in debt to the extent of 200. 他負債達 200 英鎊.

extenuate

/ Ik5stenjUeIt; Ik`stZnjJ9et/ v [Tn] (fml esp law 文, 尤用於法律) make (wrongdoing) less serious (by providing an excuse) （提出藉口或理由）使（罪過）的嚴重性減輕: Nothing can extenuate such appalling behaviour. 這種駭人聽聞的行徑罪無可 恕 . *| Because of extenuating circumstances (ie facts taken into consideration that might be regarded as an excuse), the court acquitted him of the crime. 因考慮到情有可原, 法庭判他無罪.

extenuation

/ Ik9stenjU5eIFn; Ik9stZnjJ`eFEn/ n (fml 文 ) [U] action of extenuating; being extenuated 減輕罪責: He pleaded poverty in extenuation of (ie as an excuse for) the theft. 他以貧窮為藉口請求為他犯的偷竊罪從輕量刑.

exterior

/ Ik5stIErIE(r); Ik`stIrIL/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] on or coming from the outside; outer 外部的; 外來的; 外出的; 外面的; 外表的; 外界的: paint the exterior walls of a house 給房子的外墻刷油漆 *| exterior features of a building 建筑物的外觀. Cf 參看 interior.

exterior

n 1 [sing] outward appearance or surface; outside 外貌; 外表; 外面; 外部: The exterior of the building is very unattractive. 這建筑物的外觀很不起眼. *| a gentle man with a rough exterior 外貌粗拙而性情溫和的男子. 2 [C] scene set outside in a painting or play （繪畫或戲劇的）外景.

982exterminate

/ Ik5st:mIneIt; Ik`st[mE9net/ v [Tn] destroy

completely (a race or group of people or

animals); wipe out 徹底毀滅（一種族、 一群人

或動物）; 消滅; 根除; 滅絕: exterminate all the

inhabitants of the village 滅絕村中所有的生靈

*| exterminate rats to prevent the spread of

disease 為防止疾病傳播而滅鼠.

extermination

/ Ik9st:mI5neIFn; Iks9t[mE`neFEn/ n [U].

external

/ Ik5st:nl; Ik`st[nl/ adj 1 (of or for the) outside;

situated on the outside of sth (esp the body)

外面的; 為外面的; 位於某物（尤指身體）外表的:

for external use only, eg on a label on a skin

cream 僅供外用（如皮膚膏的標記） *| All his

injuries are external, ie He hasn't been injured

inside the body. 他受的傷都是外傷. 2 coming

from outside (a place, sb's mind, etc) 來自（某

地、 某人思想意識等）外部的: a tribe hardly

affected by external influences 幾乎沒受過外來

影響的部落 *| This news programme only

covers external events, ie foreignnews. 這一新

聞節目只報道國外消息. Cf 參看 internal.

external

n 1 [C] (infml 口 ) = external examiner. 2

externals [pl] (fml 文 ) outward features or

appearances 外觀; 外貌: Do not judge people

by externals alone. 不能僅以貌取人. *| the

externals of religion, ie acts and ceremonies

(contrasted with inner and spiritual aspects)

宗教的外在形式（宗教行為和儀式, 區別於內在的和

精神的方面）.

externalize, externalise

/ -nElaIz; -nl9aIz/ v [Tn] (fml 文 ) make (sth)

external 使（某事物）表面化: externalize one's

thoughts, emotions, etc 使思想、 感情等表露出

來.

externally

/ Ik5st:nElI; Ik`st[nlI/ adv.

external evidence

evidence obtained from independent sources, not from what is being examined 外證.

external examination

examination arranged by authorities outside

the school, college, etc of the person(s) taking

the examination 校外考試（由校外專家前來主持

的考試）.

external examiner (also external)

person who conducts an external examination

校外主考人.

extinct

/ Ik5stINkt; Ik`stINkt/ adj 1 (esp of a type of animal, etc) no longer in existence （尤指某種動物等）不再存在的; 絕種的; 滅絕的: an extinct species 已滅絕的物種 *| If we continue to destroy the countryside many more animals will become extinct. 我們若繼續破壞自然環境, 將會有更多的動物絕種. 2 (a) (of a volcano) no longer active （指火山）不再活躍的, 熄滅的, 死的. (b) (fig rhet 比喻, 修辭) (of feelings, beliefs, etc) dead （指感情、 信仰等）消逝的, 破滅的: Nothing could rekindle her extinct passion. 她激情已逝, 無從心回意轉.

extinction

/ Ik5stINkFn; Ik`stINkFEn/ n [U] 1 action of making extinct; state of being extinct 滅絕; 絕種: We may live to see the extinction of the whale. 人類 或 許 能 親 眼 見 到 鯨 的 滅 絕 . *| a tribe threatened by/with extinction 受到絕種威脅的部落. 2 (fml 文) act of extinguishing 熄滅: the extinction of a fire, a political movement, youthful hopes 火的熄滅、 政治運動的平息、 青年人希望的幻滅.

extinguish

/ Ik5stINgwIF; Ik`stIN^wIF/ v [Tn] 1 (a) cause (sth) to stop burning; put out 使（某物）熄滅; 撲滅:

Please extinguish your cigarettes. 請將香煙熄滅. *| They tried to extinguish the flames. 他們竭力要把火焰撲滅. (b) (fig fml 比喻, 文) end the existence of (hope, love, passion, etc) 使（希望、愛 情 、 激 情 等 ） 不 復 存 在 : His behaviour extinguished the last traces of affection she had for him. 他的這種行為使她對他的最後一絲愛慕之情蕩然無存. 2 clear or pay off (a debt) 清償（債務）.> extinguisher = fire extinguisher (fire).

extirpate

/ 5ekstEpeIt; `ZkstL9pet/ v [Tn] (fml 文) remove or destroy (sth) completely 根除或鏟除（某事物）: extirpate social evils 根除社會弊端 *|extirpate dissent, opposition, etc 清除異端、 對立面等.

extirpation

/ 9ekstE5peIFn; 9ZkstL`peFEn/ n [U].

extol

/ Ik5stEUl; Ik`stol/ v (-ll-) [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a] ~sb (as sth) (fml 文) praise (sb/sth) highly 贊頌, 頌揚（某人[某事物]）: extol the merits of small businesses 贊揚小企業的優點 *| extol sb's virtues to the skies, ie greatly 把某人的美德捧上天 *| extol sb as a hero 把某人當作英雄來歌頌.

983extort

/ Ik5stR:t; Ik`stRrt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb) obtain sth by violence, threats, etc 強奪; 強搶; 勒索; 敲詐: extort money from sb 勒索某人的金錢 *| The police used torture to extort a confession from him. 警方對他嚴刑逼供.

extortion

/ Ik5stR:FEn; Ik`stRrFEn/ n 1 [U] action of extorting 強 奪 ; 強 搶 ; 勒 索 ; 敲 詐 : obtain money by extortion 勒索金錢. 2 [C] instance of this 強奪; 強搶;勒索; 敲詐.

extortioner

/ -FEnE(r); -FEnL/, extortionist /-FEnIst; -FEnIst/ ns person who extorts 強奪者; 強搶者; 勒索者; 敲詐者: [attrib 作定語] extortionist methods 敲詐勒索的手段.

extortionate

/ Ik5stR:FEnEt; Ik`stRrFEnIt/ adj (derog 貶 ) (of demands, prices) much too great or high; excessive （指要求、 價格）過大的, 過高的, 過多的, 過分的: The prices in this shop are extortionate. 這家商店價格過高. *| They are asking an extortionate amount of money for their house. 他們的房子要價太高.

extortionately

adv: They charged me extortionately for a simple job. 他們為一件簡單的工作敲我竹杠.

extra

/ 5ekstrE; `ZkstrE/ adj more than or beyond what is usual, expected or necessary; additional 額外的; 外加的; 附加的: extra pay for extra work 額外工作的額外報酬 *| buy an extra pint of milk 再買一品脫牛奶 *| The bus company provided extra buses because there were so many people. 因為人太多, 公共汽車公司派出了加車. *|The football match went into extra time, eg because of injury to players or a drawn score.

這場足球賽進入加時賽（如因運動員受傷或因比分持平）.

extra

adv 1 more than usually 超過一般地; 特別地; 格外; 分外: an extra strong box 加固的箱子 *|extra fine quality 特別好的質量. 2 in addition 額外; 外加; 除外: 20% extra 外加 20% *| price 1.30, packing and postage extra 價格 1.30 英鎊, 包裝和郵費另計.

extra

n 1 extra thing; thing that costs extra 額外的事物; 另外收費的事物: Her school fees are 440 a term; music and dancing are extras. 她的學費是每學期 440 英鎊, 音樂和舞蹈課另外收費. 2 (in

cinema, TV, etc) person employed and paid (usu by the day) for a minor part, eg in a crowd scene （電影、 電視等的）臨時演員（如扮演群眾者）: We need hundreds of extras for the battle scenes. 我們拍戰斗場面需要上百的臨時演員. 3 (in cricket) run scored otherwise than from a hit by the bat （板球的）額外得分（非擊球所得的 分 ） . 4 special edition of a newspaper containing special or later news （報紙的）號外: a late night extra 晚間號外.

extra

pref 前綴 (with adjs 與形容詞連用) 1 outside; beyond 在...之外; 越出; 超出: extramarital *|extrasensory. 2 very; to an exceptional degree 非常; 格外: extra-thin *| extra-sensitive.

extra

/ 5ekstrE; `ZkstrE/ adj more than or beyond what is usual, expected or necessary; additional 額外的; 外加的; 附加的: extra pay for extra work 額外工作的額外報酬 *| buy an extra pint of milk 再買一品脫牛奶 *| The bus company provided extra buses because there were so many people. 因為人太多, 公共汽車公司派出了加車. *|The football match went into extra time, eg because of injury to players or a drawn score.

這場足球賽進入加時賽（如因運動員受傷或因比分持平）.

extra

adv 1 more than usually 超過一般地; 特別地; 格外; 分外: an extra strong box 加固的箱子 *|extra fine quality 特別好的質量. 2 in addition 額外; 外加; 除外: 20% extra 外加 20% *| price 1.30, packing and postage extra 價格 1.30 英鎊, 包裝和郵費另計.

extra

n 1 extra thing; thing that costs extra 額外的事物; 另外收費的事物: Her school fees are 440 a term; music and dancing are extras. 她的學費是每學期 440 英鎊, 音樂和舞蹈課另外收費. 2 (in cinema, TV, etc) person employed and paid (usu by the day) for a minor part, eg in a crowd scene （電影、 電視等的）臨時演員（如扮演群眾者）: We need hundreds of extras for the battle scenes. 我們拍戰斗場面需要上百的臨時演員. 3 (in cricket) run scored otherwise than from a hit by the bat （板球的）額外得分（非擊球所得的 分 ） . 4 special edition of a newspaper containing special or later news （報紙的）號外: a late night extra 晚間號外.

extra- 984pref 前綴 (with adjs 與形容詞連用) 1 outside;

beyond 在...之外; 越出; 超出: extramarital *|extrasensory. 2 very; to an exceptional degree 非常; 格外: extra-thin *| extra-sensitive.

extra-curricular

/ 9ekstrEkE5rIkjElE(r); 9ZkstrEkE`rIkjElL/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] outside the regular course of work or studies at a school or college 課外的: She's involved in many extra-curricular activities, such as music, sport and drama. 她參加了許多課外活動, 如音樂、 運動、 戲劇.

extra-marital

/ 9ekstrE5mArItl; 9ZkstrE`mArEtl/ adj of (a married person's) sexual relationships outside marriage 婚外的: have extra-marital relations with sb 與某人有婚外的性關系 *| extra-marital affairs 婚外的風流韻事.

extra-sensory perception

/ 9ekstrE9sensErI pE5sepFn; 9ZkstrE 9sZnsErI pL`sZpFEn/ (abbr 縮寫 ESP) (supposed) ability to perceive outside, past or future events without the use of the known senses 超感官知覺; 超感覺力: He seems to know when his wife is away from home by some kind of extra-sensory perception. 他憑某種超感覺力似乎知道妻子何時不在家.

extract

/ Ik5strAkt; Ik`strAkt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb/sth) 1 (a) take or get sth out, usu with effort or by force 取出; 拔出: extract a cork from a bottle 拔 出 瓶 塞 *| have a tooth extracted 拔牙. (b) obtain (money, information, etc) usu from a person unwilling to give it 獲取（錢、 消息等）（通常指獲自不愿給予者）; 強索: extract a contribution from everyone 硬要大家捐 獻 *| The police finally extracted the information after hours of questioning. 警方經數小時盤問, 終於套得這一情報. *| It took me days to extract the truth from her. 我用了幾天時間才從她那兒打探出事實真相. 2 obtain (juices, etc) by crushing, pressing, etc 壓出, 榨出（汁液等）: extract juice from oranges 榨出橙子汁*| extract oil from olives, sunflower seeds, etc 榨出橄欖、 葵花籽等的油. 3 select and present (passages, examples, words, etc) from a book, speech, etc 從書、 講話等中選?。ǘ温? 例子, 詞句等）; 摘錄; 選錄: poems extracted from a modern collection 由一本當代詩集中摘選的詩篇*| She extracted passages for the students to translate. 她選了些短文讓學生翻譯.

extract

/ 5ekstrAkt; `ZkstrAkt/ n 1 [U, C] substance that has been extracted (extract 2) and concentrated 榨 出 物 ; 濃縮 物 ; 精 ; 汁 : beef extract 濃縮的牛肉汁 *| extract of malt 麥芽精*| yeast extract, ie a savoury spread 酵母萃. 2 [C] passage selected (from a poem, book, film, piece of music, etc) （從詩歌、 書、 電影、 樂曲等）精選的段落; 摘錄; 選錄; 選曲: a short extract from a piano sonata 鋼琴奏鳴曲的選曲*| an extract from a long poem 長詩選萃 *|She read out extracts from his letters. 她從他的信中挑了幾段念出.

extraction

/ Ik5strAkFn; Ik`strAkFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] action of extracting (extract 1a) 取出; 拔出; 強索: the extraction of a tooth 拔牙 *| the extraction of financial contributions 硬性攤派捐款 *| the extraction of information 打探消息 *| [attrib 作定語] an extraction process at a diamond mine 鉆石礦的開采過程. (b) [C] instance of extracting a tooth 拔 牙 : He needs two extractions. 他需要拔掉兩顆牙齒. 2 [U] (fml 文) descent; parentage 血 統 ; 出 身 ; 家 世 : an American of Hungarian extraction 匈牙利血統的美國人.

extractor

/ Ik5strAktE(r); Ik`strAktL/ n person or device that extracts (extract 2) （壓榨汁液等的）人或裝置; 榨取者; 榨汁機; 榨油機: He makes fresh orange juice with an electric extractor. 他用電動榨汁機榨取新鮮的橙汁. ex`tractor fan ventilator fan (in a kitchen, etc) for removing bad smells, etc （廚房等的）抽風扇, 排風扇. =>illus at fan 見fan之插圖.

extradite

/ 5ekstrEdaIt; `ZkstrE9daIt/ v [Tn] 1 give up or send back (sb accused or convicted of a crime) to the country where the crime was (said to be) committed 引渡（被告或罪犯）: The Spanish police have refused to extradite a man wanted for a bank robbery in France. 西班牙警方拒絕引渡一個在法國搶劫銀行而被通緝的人. 2 obtain (such a person) for trial or punishment 獲得（被告或罪犯）的引渡.

extradition

/ 9ekstrE5dIFn;9ZkstrE`dIFEn/ n [C, U]: the extradition of war criminals 對戰犯的引渡.

extramural

/ 9ekstrE5mjUErEl; 9ZkstrE`mjJrEl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語] 1 (of university teaching, courses, 985etc) for people who are not full-time residential

members of a university （指大學教學、課程等）為校外學生的: extramural studies, lectures, courses, students 大學校外課程的學習、 大學校外課程的授課、 大學的校外課程、 大學校外課程部的學生 *| the extramural department of a university 大學的校外課程部. 2 (of work, etc) not done as part of one's official (paid) duties （指工作等）業余的: on an extramural basis 在業余的基礎上.

extraneous

/ Ik5streInIEs; Ik`strenIEs/ adj ~ (to sth) 1 not belonging to or directly connected with the subject or matter being dealt with 與正題無關的 : extraneous information 無 關 的 消 息 *|extraneous material in a book 書中的題外資料. 2 coming from outside 來自外部的; 外來的: extraneous interference 外來的干涉.

extraordinary

/ Ik5strR:dnrI; ?@ -dEnerI; Ik`strRrdn9ZrI/ adj 1 beyond what is ordinary; very unusual; remarkable 不平常的; 不普通的; 非常的; 格外的: Her talents are quite extraordinary. 她 才 華 出 眾 . *|extraordinary weather for the time of year 一年中某段時間的反常天氣 *| an extraordinary film about a highly gifted child 關於一個天賦極高的孩子的出色影片. 2 [attrib 作定語] (fml 文) (of arrangements, meetings, etc) additional to what is usual or ordinary （指安排、 會議等）特別的: an extraordinary general meeting 特別全會. 3 (used immediately after a n 緊接名詞之後) (fml 文) (of an official) specially employed; additional to the usual one （指官員）特命的, 特派的: envoy/ambassador extraordinary 特使[特派大使].

extraordinarily

/ Ik5strR:dnrElI; ?@ -dEnerElI; Ik`strRrdn9ZrElI/ adv: extraordinarily beautiful, thoughtful, rude 特別美麗的、 周到的、 粗野的.

extrapolate

/ Ik5strApEleIt; Ik`strApE9let/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文 ) 1 (mathematics 數 ) calculate (an unknown quantity) approximately from known values or measurements （從已知的值或量）推算出（未知的量）; 外推. 2 estimate (sth unknown) from facts that are already known 由已知事實估計（未知事物）; 推斷; 推知: One can extrapolate the size of the building from the measurements of an average room.從一間屋子

的量度可以推斷出整座建筑物的大小