demanding/ dI5mB:ndIN; ?@ dI5mAndIN; dI`mAndIN/ adj (a) (of a task, etc) needing much patience, skill, effort, etc （指任

demanding

/ dI5mB:ndIN; ?@ dI5mAndIN; dI`mAndIN/ adj (a) (of a task, etc) needing much patience, skill, effort, etc （指任務等）需要很大耐性、 技巧、 努力等的:

a demanding job, schedule, etc 需要高度技巧的工作、 需努力才能實現的計劃. (b) (of a person) making others work hard, meet high standards, etc （指人）對他人要求高的, 苛求的:

a demanding boss, father, etc 苛求的老板、 父親等 *| Children are so demanding: they need constant attention. 孩子們總有所求, 需要時刻照顧他們.

demarcate

/ 5di:mB:keIt; dI`mBrket/ v [Tn] mark or fix the limits of (sth) 標出或確定（某事物）的界線: The playing area is demarcated by a white line. 運動場地以白線為界.

demarcation

/ 9di:mB:5keIFn; 9dimBr`keFEn/ n [U, C] (marking of a) limit or boundary, esp between types of work considered by trade unions to belong to workers in different trades 劃界線; 界線; （尤指工會認為屬於不同行業間的）工種界線: a line of demarcation 分 界 線 *| [attrib 作 定 語 ] 726demarcation disputes in industry 工業上工種

界線的糾紛.

demarche

/ 5deImB:F; de`mBrF/ n (French 法) political step or

proceeding 政治上的步驟或手段.

demean

/ dI5mi:n; dI`min/ v [Tn, Tnt] ~ oneself lower

oneself in dignity; deprive oneself of others'

respect 降低自己的身分; 失去別人的尊重; 貶低

自己: Don't demean yourself by telling such

obvious lies. 你不要用這種明顯的謊言自貶人格.

*| I wouldn't demean myself to ask for favours

from them. 我不會降低身分向他們求情.

demeaning

adj lowering (sb's) dignity; degrading 降低身分

的; 卑微的; 墮落的: He found it very demeaning

to have to work for his former employee. 他覺

得要為他以前的雇員工作很失身分.

demeanour (US demeanor)

/ dI5mi:nE(r); dI`minL/ n [U] (fml 文 ) way of

behaving; conduct 行為; 舉止: I dislike his

arrogant demeanour. 我討厭他那傲慢的行為.

demented

/ dI5mentId; dI`mZntId/ adj (a) mad 瘋狂的: a poor, demented creature 可憐的瘋子. (b) (fig infml 比

喻, 口) agitated because of worry, anger, etc

（因憂慮、 憤怒等）焦躁不安的: When her child

was two hours late, she became quite

demented. 她孩子晚了兩個小時, 她心急如焚.

dementedly

adv.

dementia

/ dI5menFE; dI`mZnFE/ n [U] (medical 醫) madness

with loss of powers of thinking due to brain

disease or injury 癡呆.

dementia praecox

/ dI9menFE 5pri:kCks; dI9mZnFE `pri9kBks/ (fml 文)

schizophrenia 早發性癡呆癥; 精神分裂癥.

demerara

/ 9demE5reErE; 9dZmE`rZrE/ n [U] (also demerara

sugar) light-brown raw cane sugar 淺褐色蔗糖.

demerit

/ di:5merIt; di`mZrIt/ n (fml 文) fault; defect 缺點;

不足; 欠缺: consider the merits and demerits of

a system 考慮一個制度的長處和短處.

demesne

/ dI5meIn; dI`men/ n (law 律) (a) [U] possession

and use of land as one's own property 土地的

領有和使用（作為私產）: land held in demesne 領

有的地產. (b) [C] estate with land held in this

way, ie without tenants living on it 領有供自用

的地產（即無佃戶租用）.

demi

pref 前綴 (with ns 與名詞結合) half; partly 半; 部分: demigod.

demi-monde

/ 5demImCnd; `dZmI9mBnd/ n [Gp] (French 法) 1 group of people whose actions are thought to be not entirely legal, respectable, etc 不正派的一群人: the demi-monde of gambling clubs and sleazy bars 賭場和低級酒吧里不正派的人. 2 (formerly) women thought to be not entirely respectable and for this reason not acceptable to society （舊時）因不正派而為社會嫌棄的女子.

demigod

/ 5demIgCd; `dZmE9^Bd/ n (in classical mythology) being who is partly divine and partly human, esp the offspring of a god or goddess and a human （古典神話中）半神半人（尤指神與人所生的後代）.

demijohn

/ 5demIdVCn; `dZmE9dVBn/ n large bottle with a narrow neck, often in a wickerwork case 細頸大瓶（常置於柳條套中）.

demilitarize, demilitarise

/ 9di:5mIlItEraIz; di`mIlEtE9raIz/ v [Tn] remove military forces or installations from (an area) as a result of a treaty or an agreement 從（一地區）撤軍或拆除軍事設施: a demilitarized zone 非軍事區.

demilitarization, -isation

/ 9di:9mIlItEraI5zeIFn;?@ -rI5z-; di9mIlEtErI`zeFEn/ n [U, Gp].

demise

/ dI5maIz; dI`maIz/ n [sing] 1 (fml 文) death 死; 死亡. 2 (fig 比喻) end or failure (of an enterprise, etc) 停業; 倒閉: This loss led to the demise of the business. 這一損失導致了公司的倒閉.

demist

/ 9di:5mIst; di`mIst/ v [Tn] remove the mist from (eg the windscreen of a car) 除去（如汽車擋風玻璃）上面的霧水.

demister (US defroster)

n device that warms (esp the windscreen of a vehicle) to stop mist forming 除霧器（尤指車輛擋風玻璃的）.

demo

/ 5demEU; `dZmo/ n (pl ~s) (infml 口 esp Brit) = demonstration(3).

demob

/ 9di:5mCb; di`mBb/ v (-bb-) [Tn] (Brit infml 口) = demobilize (sb).

demob

727n [U] (Brit infml 口) = demobilization.

demobilize, demobilise

/ di:5mEUbElaIz; di`mobE9laIz/ v [Tn] release (sb) from military service 使（某人）復員, 退伍; 遣散（軍隊）.

demobilization, -isation

/ 9di:9mEU-bElaI5zeIFn; ?@ -lI5z-; 9dimobElI`zeFEn/ n [U].

democracy

/ dI5mCkrEsI; dE`mBkrEsI/ n 1 (a) [U] system of government by the whole people of a country, esp through representatives whom they elect 民 主 ; 民 主 政 治 ; 民 主 政 體 ; 民 主 制 度 :

parliamentary democracy 議會民主政體. (b) [C] country having such a system 民主國家: the Western democracies 西方的民主國家. 2 [C, U] (country with a) government that allows freedom of speech, religion and political opinion, that upholds the rule of law and majority rule and that respects the rights of minorities 民主政府; 有民主政府的國家: the principles of democracy 民主政府的原則. 3 (a) [U] treatment of each other by citizens as equals, without social class divisions 民主精神; 民主作風: Is there more democracy in Australia than in Britain? 澳大利亞比英國更民主嗎? (b) [C] society where such conditions exist 民主社會. 4 [U] control of an organization by its members, who take part in the making of decisions （ 一 組 織 由 其 成 員 的 ） 民 主 管 理 :

industrial democracy 企業的民主管理.

democrat

/ 5demEkrAt; `dZmE9krAt/ n 1 person who believes in or supports democracy 民 主 主 義 者 .2 Democrat (abbr 縮寫 D) member or supporter of the Democratic Party of the US 美國民主黨的黨員或擁護者. Cf 參看 republican 2.

democratic

/ 9demE5krAtIk; 9dZmE`krAtIk/ adj 1 based on the principles of democracy (1a) 民主的; 民主政治的; 民主政體的: democratic rights, elections 民主的權利、 選舉 *| democratic government, rule, etc 民 主 的 政 府 、 統 治 等 . 2 of or supporting democracy(3); paying no or little attention to class divisions based on birth or wealth 民 主 作 風 的 ; 平 等 的 : a democratic society, outlook 民主的社會、 觀點. 3 of or supporting control of an organization by its members 民主管理的: democratic involvement, participation, etc 參與民主管理、 參加民主管理.

democratically

/ -klI; -klI/ adv: democratically elected, decided,

etc 民主選舉的、 民主決定的.

Democratic Party

one of the two main political parties in the US 民主黨（美國兩大 主要政黨之一 ）. Cf 參看Republican Party (republican).

democratize, democratise

/ dI5mCkrEtaIz; dE`mBkrE9taIz/ v [Tn] make (sth) democratic 使（某事）民主化: democratize the administration of an organization 使一組織的管理民主化.

democratization, -isation

/ dI-9mCkrEtaI5zeIFn; dI9mBkrEtE`zeFEn/ n [U].

demography

/ dI5mCgrEfI; dI`mB^rEfI/ n [U] study of statistics of births, deaths, diseases, etc in order to show the state of a community 人口統計學; 人口學.

demographer

/ dI5mCgrEfE(r); dI`mB^rEfL/ n expert in such studies 人口統計學家; 人口學家.

demographic

/ 9demE5grAfIk; 9dZmE`^rAfIk/ adj.

demolish

/ dI5mClIF; dI`mBlIF/ v [Tn] 1 (a) pull or knock down (a building, etc) 拆毀, 拆除（建筑物等）: They've demolished the slum district. 貧民區已拆除. (b) (fig 比喻) destroy (a theory, etc) 推翻, 駁倒（理論等）: Her article brilliantly demolishes his argument. 她的文章精辟地批駁了他的論點. 2 (fig joc 比喻, 謔) eat (sth) greedily 貪婪地吃（某物）: She demolished two whole pies. 她貪婪地吃下兩個餡餅.

demolition

/ 9demE-5lIFn; 9dZmE`lIFEn/ n [U, C]: the demolition of the houses 房屋的拆除 *| [attrib 作定語] demolition contractors 做拆除工作的承包者.

demon

/ 5di:mEn; `dimEn/ n 1 wicked or cruel spirit 惡魔; 魔鬼: medieval carvings of demons 中世紀的魔鬼雕像. 2 (infml 口) (a) person thought to be wicked, mischievous, etc 惡人; 惡棍; 調皮鬼: Your son's a little demon. 你兒子是個小調皮鬼. (b) ~ (for sth) energetic person 精力充沛的人: She's a demon for work, ie works very hard. 她工作起來精力充沛. *| [attrib 作定語] a demon worker 精 力 過 人 的 工 作 者 . (c) fierce or aggressive player 勇猛的運動員; 攻擊型的運動員: [attrib 作定語] a demon bowler 勇猛的投球手. 3 (idm 習語) the demon `drink (joc 謔) alcoholic drink, esp when it is the cause of wild noisy behaviour 含酒精的飲料（尤指飲後使人撒酒瘋者）: He's very violent: it's the demon 728drink, you know. 他大撒酒瘋, 你要知道就是因

為喝了那種酒.

demonic

/ di:5mCnIk; di`mBnIk/ adj: demonic energy 過人的

精力.

demonetize, demonetise

/ 9di:5mQnItaIz; di`mQnE9taIz/ v stop (a metal) being

used as currency 使（某金屬）不再用作貨幣.

demonetization, -isation

/ di:9mQnItaI-5zeIFn; ?@ -tI5z-; di9mQnEtI`zeFEn/ n [U].

demoniac

/ dI5mEUnIAk; dI`monI9Ak/ (also demoniacal/

9di:mE5naIEkl; 9dimE`naIEkl/) adj (a) very evil;

devilish 邪惡的; 兇惡的; 惡魔般的: demoniac

tortures, plans 酷刑、 邪惡的計劃. (b) frenzied;

fiercely energetic 瘋 狂 的 ; 精 力 極 充 沛 的 :

demoniac energy, fury, etc 逾常的精力、 狂怒

等.

demonstrable

/ 5demEnstrEbl; ?@ dI5mCnstrEbl; `dI-mBnstrEbl/ adj

that can be shown or proved 可表明的; 可證實

的: a demonstrable lie, inaccuracy, etc 明顯的

謊言、 誤差等.

demonstrability

/ 9demEnstrE5bIlEtI;9dZmEnstrE`bIlEtI/ n [U].

demonstrably

/ -blI; -blI/ adv.

demonstrate

/ 5demEnstreIt; `dZmEn9stret/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tf, Tw] ~ sth (to sb) show sth clearly by giving

proof or evidence 證明; 論證: demonstrate the

truth of a statement (to sb) （向某人）證明一說

法的真實性 *| How do you demonstrate that

the pressure remains constant? 你怎樣證明壓

力一直不變? *| Can you demonstrate what you

mean by that? 你那樣做能說明你的意思嗎? (b)

[Tn, Tf, Tw] be an example of (sth); show 是（某

事 物 ） 的 實 例 ; 表 明 ; 表 示 : The election

demonstrates democracy in action. 這次選舉是

以實際行動體現了民主. *| His sudden departure

demonstrates that he's unreliable/how

unreliable he is. 他突然離去表明他不可靠[他多

麼不可靠]. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tw] ~ sth (to sb) show

and explain how sth works or a way of doing

sth 示 范 并 解 釋 某 物 如 何 操 作 或 使 用 : An

assistant demonstrated the washing machine

(to customers). 店員（向顧客）示范如何使用洗衣

機. *| She demonstrated how best to defend

oneself. 她示范最有效的自衛方法. 3 [I, Ipr] ~

(against/in favour of sb/sth) take part in a

public rally, etc, usu as a protest or to show

support 示威; 進行示威集會或游行: Thousands demonstrated against the price increases. 數以千計的人舉行示威, 抗議物價上漲. 4 [Tn] express (sth) by one's actions 用行動表達（某事）: Workers have already demonstrated their opposition to the plans. 工人們已經表明反對這些方案. *| demonstrate strong feelings 顯示出強烈的感情.

demonstration

/ 9demEn5streIFn; 9dZmEn`streFEn/ n 1 [C, U] (instance of) showing sth by giving proof or evidence 證明; 論證: convinced by (a) scientific demonstration 以科學的論證使人信服 *| a demonstration of a law of physics 證明一物理定 律 . 2 [C, U] (instance of) showing and explaining how sth works （對某物如何操作的）示范, 解釋: a demonstration of the computer's functions 計算機功能的示范表演. =>Usage 見所附用法. 3 [C] ~ (against/in favour of sb/sth) public, often organized, rally or march protesting against or supporting sb/sth （抗議或擁護某人[某事], 常為有組織的）集會或游行: a mass demonstration in support of the regime 擁護該政權的群眾集會. 4 [C] outward sign; example 表現; 表示; 實例: a demonstration of affection, eg embracing sb 愛的表示（如擁抱某人 ） *| a clear demonstration of their intentions 他們明顯表示意圖.

demonstration

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 A demonstration and a display do not require a specific or permanent site.*|demonstration 和 display 不必有特定的或永久的地點. At a demonstration one sees how something works or is done 在demonstration 中可以看到某事物的操作情形: a cookery demonstration 烹 飪 表 演 *| a demonstration of a new car 新汽車的使用示范. 2 A display is often for public entertainment *|display 常 用 於 公 共 娛 樂 方 面 : a flying, fireworks, fashion, etc display 飛行、 煙火、 時裝等表演. 3 A trade exhibition/show/fair is held in an exhibition hall or centre where commercial or industrial goods are advertised *|trade exhibition/ show/ fair 是在 exhibition hall 或 centre 中舉辦的, 用以宣傳工商業產品: a book fair 書展 *| the World Trade Fair 世界貿易博覽會 *| the Motor Show 機動車輛展覽 *|the Great Exhibition 大型展覽會. 4 A show can also be of domestic animals or plants, often in 729competition for prizes. *|show 還可作豢養的動

物 展 覽 或 栽 培 的 花 草 展 覽 , 常 為 有 獎 競 賽 . Paintings, drawings, etc are displayed in an exhibition 繪畫等則在 exhibition 中展出: the Chelsea Flower Show 切爾西花展 *| a horse show 馬展 *| an art exhibition 美術展覽會. 5 A fair or funfair is also a collection of entertainments (roundabouts, stalls, etc) travelling from town to town. *|fair 或 funfair也可作巡回的娛樂集會（有旋轉木馬、游戲攤位等）.

demonstrative

/ dI5mCnstrEtIv; dI`mBnstrEtIv/ adj 1 (a) (of people) showing the feelings readily （指人）易流露感情的, 喜怒形於色的: Some people are more demonstrative than others. 有些人較愛流露感情 . (b) expressing feelings, esp affection, openly 公開表露感情的（尤指愛慕之情）: He's very demonstrative: he kissed me on both cheeks. 他熱情奔放, 吻了我的雙頰. 2 (grammar) (of a determiner or pronoun) indicating the person or thing referred to （指限定詞或代詞）指 示 的 : In `This is my bike', `this' is a demonstrative pronoun. 在 This is my bike 一句中, this 是指示代詞. > demonstratively adv. demonstrativeness n [U]: embarrassed by demonstrativeness 受公開表露的愛慕之情所窘.

demonstrator

/ 5demEnstreItE(r); `dZmEn9stretL/ n 1 person who teaches or explains by demonstrating (demonstrate 2) 示范助教: The demonstrators set up apparatus for the experiment. 示范助教安排好了實驗裝置. 2 person who demonstrates (demonstrate 3) 示威者; 游行者; 集會者: The noisy demonstrators were dispersed by the police. 喧嚷的示威者遭警察驅散.

demoralize, demoralise

/ dI5mCrElaIz; ?@ -5mR:r-; dI`mRrEl-9aIz/ v [Tn] weaken the courage or self-confidence of (sb); dishearten 削弱（某人）的勇氣或自信心; 使泄氣; 使 士 氣 低 落 : The troops were thoroughly demoralized by this set-back. 這一挫敗使部隊士氣喪失殆盡. *| feel very demoralized 覺得十分沮喪 *| The news is very demoralizing. 這消息很使人泄氣. Cf 參看 dispirit.

demoralization, -isation

/ dI9mCrElaI5zeIFn; ?@ -9mR:rElE5z-; dI9mRrElE`zeFEn/ n [U].

demote

/ 9di:5mEUt; di`mot/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) (to sth) reduce sb to a lower rank or grade 將某人降級或降職: He was demoted from sergeant to

corporal. 他由中士降到下士. Cf 參看 promote.

demotion

/ 9di:5mEUFn; di`moFEn/ n [C, U].

demotic

/ dI5mCtIk; dI`mBtIk/ adj of or used by ordinary people 民眾的; 通俗的: demotic Greek, ie the informal, esp spoken, form of modern Greek 現代希臘語的通俗形式（尤指口語）.

demur

/ dI5m:(r); dI`m[/ v (-rr-) [I, Ipr] ~ (at sth) (fml 文) express a doubt (about sth) or an objection (to sth) （對某事物）表示懷疑或反對: I suggested putting the matter to a vote, but the chairman demurred. 我建議對此事投票表決, 但主席表示反對.

demur

n (idm 習語) without demur without objecting or hesitating 無異議地; 不猶豫地.

demure

/ dI5mjUE(r); dI`mjJr/ adj (a) (pretending to be) quiet, serious and modest （故作）安靜的, 嚴肅的, 謙虛的: a very demure young lady 假裝矜持的少女. (b) suggesting that one is demure 顯示安靜的、 嚴肅的、 謙虛的: a demure smile, reply, etc 安靜的微笑、 謙遜的回答.

demurely

adv.

demureness

n [U].

demystify

/ 9di:5mIstIfaI; di`mIstE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn] make (sth) less mysterious; make clear 使（某事物）非神秘化; 弄清楚: We are trying to demystify the workings of government. 我們要盡量使政府工作公開化.

demystification

/ 9di:9mIstIfI5keIFn; 9dimIstEfE`keFEn/ n [U] action of making sth less mysterious 非神秘化: The demystification of the Resurrection upsets many Christians. 把耶穌的復活作非神秘化解釋使許多基督徒不快.

den

/ den; dZn/ n 1 animal's hidden home, eg a cave 獸穴; 窩（如山洞）: a bear's/lion's den 熊的[獅子的]洞穴. 2 (derog 貶) secret meeting-place 秘密相聚之處: an `opium den 鴉片煙窟 *| a den of thieves 賊窩. 3 (infml 口) room in a home where a person can work or study without being disturbed （家中的）私室, 書齋: retire to one's den 回到自己的私室. 4 (idm 習語) beard the lion in his den => beard2. a den of i`niquity/`vice (often joc 常作戲謔語) a place 730where evil or immoral activities go on 進行罪惡

活動的地方: He thought of New York as a den of iniquity. 他認為紐約是個藏污納垢之處.

denationalize, denationalise

/ 9di:5nAFEnElaIz; di`nAFEnl9aIz/ v [Tn] put (a nationalized industry) back into private ownership, usu by selling shares in it; privatize 將（國營工業）恢復為私營; 使非國有化; 使私有化. Cf 參看 nationalize 1.

denationalization, -isation

/ 9di: 9nFEnElaI5zeIFn; US -lI5z-; di9nAFEnElI`zeFEn/ n [U].

denatured

/ 9di:5neItFEd; di`netFLd/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定語] (a) made unfit for eating and drinking (but possibly still usable for other purposes) 不適於食用或飲用的; 變性的: denatured alcohol 變性酒精. (b) having lost its natural qualities 已失去天然特性的: denatured rubber, ie no longer elastic 失去彈性的橡膠.

deniable

/ dI5naIEbl; dI`naIEbl/ adj that can be denied 可否認的; 可否定的; 可拒絕的: I suppose these changes are deniable? ie We might convince others they are not true. 我想這些更動可以駁回吧?

denial

/ dI5naIEl; dI`naIEl/ n 1 [C] ~ (of sth/that...) statement that sth is not true 否 認 : the prisoner's repeated denials of the charges against him 囚犯對被控罪名再三否認 *| an official denial that there would be an election in May 官方對五月份要進行選舉一事加以否認. 2 [C, U] (a) ~ of sth refusal to grant (justice, rights, etc) （對公正處理、 權利等的）拒絕, 拒不給予: condemn the denial of basic human freedoms 譴責剝奪基本的自由權. (b) ~ (of sth) refusal (of a request, etc) （對要求等的）拒絕: the denial of his request for leave 對他請假予以拒絕.

denier

/ 5denIE(r); `dZnIr/ n unit for measuring fineness of rayon, nylon and silk yarns 旦尼爾, 旦（人造絲、 尼龍、 絲、 紗線的纖度單位）: [attrib 作定語] 30 denier stockings 30 旦的長襪.

denigrate

/ 5denIgreIt; `dZnE9^ret/ v [Tn] claim (unfairly) that (sb/sth) is inferior, worthless, etc; belittle 詆毀; 貶 低 ; 誣 蔑 : denigrate sb's character, achievements, etc 詆毀某人的人格、 成就等.

denigration

/ 9denI-5greIFn; 9dZnE`^reFEn/ n [U].

denim

/ 5denIm; `dZnEm/ n 1 [U] hard-wearing twilled cotton cloth (used for jeans, overalls, etc) 斜紋粗棉布（用於制牛仔褲、 工作服、 罩衫等）. 2 denims [pl] (infml 口) jeans made from this 斜紋粗棉布制的牛仔褲.

denizen

/ 5denIzn; `dZnEzn/ n (fml or joc 文或謔) person or type of animal or plant living or growing permanently in a place 長久生長於某地的人或動植物: polar bears, denizens of the frozen north 北 極 熊 , 北 極 冰 天 雪 地 的 老 住 戶 *|Blenkinsop, a respected denizen of our school, ie a teacher who has been there for a long time.

布倫金索普, 我校長期備受尊敬的教師.

denomination

/ dI9nCmI5neIFn; dI9nBmE`neFEn/ n 1 (fml 文) name, esp of a general class or type; classification 名稱（尤指種類名稱）; 分類: agreed denominations for various species of fish 各種魚的公認的分類. 2 religious group or sect 宗 教 派 別 : The Protestant denominations include the Methodists, the Presbyterians and the Baptists. 新教派別包括衛理公會派、 長老會派、浸禮派. 3 class or unit of measurement or money 度量衡或貨幣的單位: The US coin of the lowest denomination is the cent. 美國硬幣的最小單位是美分. *| We can reduce fractions to the same denomination 分數可以化為同分母 denominational

/ -5neIFEnl; -`neFEnl/ adj of denominations (denomination 2) 宗教派別的: denominational schools 各教派的學校.

denominator

/ dI5nCmIneItE(r); dI`nBmE9netL/ n (mathematics 數) number below the line in a fraction, showing how many parts the whole is divided into, eg 4 in 分母（如 中的 4）. Cf 參看 numerator.

denote

/ dI5nEUt; dI`not/ v (a) [Tn] be the name, sign or symbol of (sth); refer to 作為（某事物）的名稱、符 號 或 象 徵 ; 指 的 是 : What does the term `organic' denote? organic 一詞指的是什麼? *| In algebra, the sign x usually denotes an unknown quantity. 在代數中, x 符號通常代表一未知的量. (b) [Tn, Tf] indicate (sth) 表示（某事物）: The mark X denotes an omission. 增補號（X）表示有脫漏. *| This mark denotes that a word has been deleted. 這個符號表示有個詞已刪掉.

731denouement

/ 9deI5nu:mCN; ?@ 9deInu:5mR:N; denu`mRN/ n last part, esp of a novel, play, etc, in which everything is settled or made clear 最後部分; （尤指小說、 戲劇等的）結局: In a surprising denouement, she becomes a nun. 結局出人意表, 她當修女了.

denounce

/ dI5naUns; dI`naJns/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.a] ~ sb (to sb) (as sth) give information (to the authorities) against sb （向當局）告發某人: An informer denounced him to the police (as a terrorist). 檢舉人已向警方告發他（是恐怖分子）.

(b) [Tn, Cn.a] ~ sb/sth (as sth) say that sb/sth is wrong, unlawful, etc 譴責; 指責; 斥責: She strongly denounced the Government's hypocrisy. 她 強 烈 譴 責 政 府 虛 偽 . *| Union officials denounced the action as a breach of the agreement. 工會負責人譴責這一行動破壞了協議. 2 [Tn] announce one's withdrawal from (a treaty, etc) 宣布退出（條約等）.

dense

/ dens; dZns/ adj (-r, -st) 1 (a) very heavy in relation to each unit of volume 密度大的: a dense substance, rock, star 密度大的物質、 巖石、 星星. (b) (of liquids or vapour) not easily seen through （指液體、 水氣或煙霧）不易看透的, 濃的: dense fog/smoke 大霧[濃煙]. 2 (of people and things) crowded together in great numbers （指人和物）稠密的, 密集的: a dense crowd, forest 密集的人群、 茂密的森林. 3 (infml 口) stupid 愚蠢的: How can you be so dense? 你怎麼能如此愚蠢?> densely adv: a densely populated country 人口稠密的國家 *| densely wooded, ie covered with trees growing close together 森林茂密的.

denseness

n [U].

density

/ 5densEtI; `dZnsEtI/ n 1 [U] quality of being dense(1b, 2) 濃度; 密度: the density of a forest, the fog, etc 森林的密度、 霧的濃度. 2 [C, U] (physics 物) relation of mass to volume 密度（質量與體積的關系）.

dent

/ dent; dZnt/ n 1 (also dint) hollow place in a hard even surface made by a blow or pressure 凹陷; 凹部; 凹痕: a dent in the boot of my car 我的汽車行李箱上的凹痕. 2 (idm 習語) (make) a dent in sth (infml 口) (cause) a reduction in sth 減少; 削減; 削弱: a dent in one's pride 自尊心的挫傷 *| The repairs made a dent in our funds, ie

cost us a lot. 這次修理用去了我們很多錢.

dent

v (a) [Tn] make a dent or dents in (sth) 在（某物）上造成凹痕: The back of the car was badly dented in a collision. 這輛汽車後部在碰撞中造成很大的凹陷.(b) [I] get a dent or dents 出現凹痕: a metal that dents easily 容易出現凹痕的金屬.

dental

/ 5dentl; `dZntl/ adj 1 of or for the teeth 牙齒的; 牙科的: dental care, treatment, etc 牙齒的保護、治療等. 2 (phonetics 語音) pronounced with the tip of the tongue near or touching the upper front teeth 齒音的: dental sounds 齒音, 如/ W/、 /T/.

dental floss

soft thread used for cleaning the gaps between the teeth 潔牙線（用以使牙縫清潔的軟線）.

dental hygienist

/ 5dentl haI5dVi:nIst; 9dZntl haI`dVinIst/ person who works, usu for a dentist, cleaning and polishing people's teeth 牙科保健員.

dental plate

= plate1 9.

dental surgeon

dentist 牙科醫師.

dentifrice

/ 5dentIfrIs; `dZntE9frIs/ n [U] (fml 文) powder or paste used for cleaning the teeth 牙粉; 牙膏.

dentist

/ 5dentIst; `dZntIst/ n person whose work is filling, cleaning and taking out teeth, and fitting artificial teeth 牙科醫生.

dentistry

/ 5dentIstrI; `dZntIstrI/ n [U] work of a dentist 牙醫術.

denture

/ 5dentFE(r); `dZntFL/ n (usu pl 通常作復數) = plate1 9:a set of dentures 一副假牙.

denude

/ dI5nju:d; ?@ -5nu:d; dI`nud/ v [esp passive 尤用於被動語態: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (of sth) make sth bare; take the covering off sth 使某物裸露; 去掉遮掩; 剝光: trees denuded of leaves 葉子落盡的禿樹 *| hillsides denuded of trees 無樹的禿山坡.

denudation

/ 9di:nju:5deIFn; ?@ -nu:-; 9dinu`deFEn/ n [U].

denunciation

/ dI9nQnsI5eIFn; dI9nQnsI`eFEn/ n [C, U](act of) denouncing 譴 責 ; 斥 責 : her fierce denunciation(s) of her enemies 她對仇敵的強烈 732譴責.

deny

/ dI5naI; dI`naI/ v (pt, pp denied) 1 [Tn, Tf, Tnt, Tg] say that (sth) is not true 否認, 否定（某事）:

deny a statement, a claim, an accusation, a charge, etc 否認一個說法、 否定某人聲稱的事、否認一項指責、 否認一項指控 *| deny that sth is true 否定某事屬實 *| (fml 文) She denied this to be the case. 她不承認情況是這樣. *| He denied knowing anything about it. 他否認知道此事. *| He denied that he was involved. 他否認與己有關. *| There is no denying the fact that..., ie Everyone must admit that... 無可否認.... Cf 參看 affirm. 2 [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) refuse to give sb, or prevent sb from having, (sth asked for or wanted) 拒不給予某人（所求或所需之物）; 阻止某人獲得（所求或所需之物）: He gave to his friends what he denied to his family. 他寧可贈予朋友也不給家里人. *| She was angry at being denied the opportunity to see me. 因不準她見我, 她非常生氣. *| He denies himself nothing. 他對自己極為放縱. 3 [Tn] say that one knows nothing about (sth); refuse to acknowledge; disown 聲稱對（某事）毫無所知; 拒 絕 承 認 ; 否 認 與 己 有 關 : He denied any knowledge of their plans, ie claimed to know nothing about them. 他聲稱對他們的計劃一無所知. *| (fml 文) He denied the signature, ie said that it was not his. 他拒不承認這是他的簽字.

deodorant

/ di:5EUdErEnt; di`odErEnt/ n [U, C] substance that removes or disguises (esp bodily) odours 除臭劑, 防臭劑（尤指除體臭者）.

deodorize, deodorise

/ di:5EUdEraIz; di`odE9raIz/ v [Tn] remove (esp bad) smells from (sb/sth) 除去（某人[某物]）的臭味.

dep

abbr 縮寫 = 1 depart(s); departed; departing; departure: dep Paris 23.05 hrs 23 時 05 分自巴黎開出. Cf 參看 arr 2. 2 deputy.

depart

/ dI5pB:t; dI`pBrt/ v (fml 文) 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (for...) (from...) go away; leave 走 開 ; 離 開 : We departed for London at 10 am. 我們上午 10 點動身去倫敦. *| The 10. 15 to Leeds departs from platform 4. 10 點 15 分開往利茲的火車在第4 站臺上車. 2 (idm 習語) depart (from) this `life (arch or rhet 古或修辭) die 去世; 亡故. 3 (phr v) depart from sth behave in a way that differs from (what is usual or expected) 背離; 違反:

depart from routine, standard practice, old customs, etc 違反常規、 慣例、 舊風俗等 *|depart from the truth, ie not be truthful 背離事實.

departed

/ dI5pB:tId; dI`pBrtId/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定語] 1 (fml or euph 文或婉) dead 死去的; 故去的: our departed heroes, eg soldiers who died in battle 我們那些與世長辭的英雄（如陣亡的士兵） *| your dear departed brother 你摯愛的已故兄長. 2 (fml 文) past; bygone 過去的; 以往的: thinking of departed glories 懷念過去的光榮.

department

/ dI5pB:tmEnt; dI`pBrtmEnt/ n 1 (abbr 縮寫 Dept) each of several divisions of a government, business, shop, university, etc （政府、 企業、商店、 大學等的）部, 司, 局, 處, 科, 部門, 系: the Department of the Environment 環境部 *|the Education Department 教 育 部 *| the export sales department 出口銷售部 *| the men's clothing department 男裝部. 2 area of activity or knowledge 活動 范圍 ; 知識 領 域 : Don't ask me about our finances: that's my wife's department. 我們家的經濟情況你別問我, 那是我妻子的事. 3 administrative district, eg in France 行政區, ?。ㄈ绶▏模?

departmental

/ 9di:pB:t5mentl; di9pBrt`mZntl/ adj of a department, rather than the whole organization 部門的（非整個組織的）: a departmental manager, meeting 部門的經理、 會議.

department store

large shop where many kinds of goods are sold in different departments 百貨公司.

departure

/ dI5pB:tFE(r); dI`pBrtFL/ n 1 (a) [U] ~ (from...) departing; going away 離 開 ; 離 去 : His departure was quite unexpected. 他這一走很出人意料. *| [attrib 作定語] the departure lounge, ie in an airport 候機室. (b) [C] instance of this 離 開 ; 離 去 : notices showing arrivals and departures of trains 列車到達和開出時刻的公告. 2 (a) [C, U] ~ from sth action different from (what is usual or expected) 背離; 違反: a departure from old customs, the standard procedure, etc 同舊習俗、 標準程序等相違. (b) [C] course of action; venture 行動; 大膽行事: Working on a farm is a new departure for him. 對他來說, 在農場工作是一種新的嘗試. 3 (idm 習語) a point of departure => point1.

733depend

/ dI5pend; dI`pZnd/ v 1 (idm 習語) that de`pends; it (all) de`pends (used alone, or at the beginning of a sentence 單獨使用, 或用於句首) the result will be decided by sth mentioned or implied 那 得 看 情 況 : `Can I come?' `That depends: there might not be room in the car.' ｀我能來嗎?＇｀那要看情況, 汽車里可能沒有空座了.＇ *| It depends how you tackle the problem. 那取決於你如何解決這個問題. 2 (phr v) depend on/upon sb/sth (a) be sure, or confidently expect, that sth will happen 確信; 堅信; 信賴: I'm depending on you coming. 我肯定你會來的. *| You can never depend on his arriving on time. 決不可指望他能準時到達. *|(ironic 反語) You can depend on her to be (ie She always is) late. 可以擔保她必定遲到. *|Depend on it (ie You can be sure): we won't give up. 可以打包票, 我們決不會放棄. (b) (be able to) believe that sb/sth will be reliable （能）相信某人[某事物]可靠: You can't depend on the train arriving on time. 千萬不要認為這列火車能正點到達. *| She's a woman who can be depended on. 她是個可以信賴的人. depend on sb/sth (for sth) (usu not in the continuous tenses 通常不用於進行時態) (a) need sb/sth for a particular purpose （因某目的）需要某人[某事物]: I haven't got a car, so I have to depend on the buses. 我沒有汽車, 所以我得乘公共汽車. *|We depend on the radio for news. 我們靠收音機聽新聞. (b) get money or other help from sb/sth 從某人[某事物]處得到錢或其他幫助: This area depends on the mining industry. 這個地區以采礦業為經濟基礎. *| Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 兒童靠父母供給衣食. depend on sth be decided by sth; follow from sth 視某事物而定; 取決於某事物: A lot will depend on how she responds to the challenge. 在很大程度上將取決於她對這一難題的反應. *| How much is produced depends on how hard we work. 產量的大小在於我們努力的程度.

dependable

adj ?ithat may be depended on 可信賴的; 可靠的: a dependable friend, car, service 可靠的朋友、 汽車、 服務.

dependability

/ dI9pendE5bIlEtI; dI-9pZndE`bIlEtI/ n [U].

dependably

/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv.

dependant (also esp US dependent) / dI5pendEnt; dI`pZndEnt/ n person who depends on others for a home, food, etc 依賴他人生活者; 受扶養?

dependence

/ dI5pendEns; dI`pZndEns/ n [U] ~ on/upon sb/sth 1 trust in sb/sth; reliance on sb/sth 信賴; 信任: my complete dependence on her skill and experience 我對她的技巧和經驗的完全信賴. 2 (a) state of having to be supported by others 依賴: Find a job and end your dependence on your parents. 找個工作, 別再依賴你父母了. (b) state of being affected by or needing sb/sth 依靠; 指望: the dependence of the crops on the weather 收 成 靠 天 *| medical treatment for drug/alcohol dependence 戒除毒癮[酒癮]的治療.

dependency

/ dI5pendEnsI; dI`pZndEnsI/ n country governed or controlled by another 附屬國; 附屬地: The Hawaiian Islands are no longer a dependency of the USA. 夏威夷群島已不再是美國的屬地.

dependent

/ dI5pendEnt; dI`pZndEnt/ adj 1 ~ (on/upon sb/sth) needing support from sb 需要某人支持的; 依靠的; 依賴的: a woman with several dependent children 帶著幾個無法自理的孩子的女人 *| be dependent on one's parents, a grant 依靠父母[補助]. 2 [pred 作表語] ~ on/upon sth affected or decided by sth 取決於某事物: Success is dependent on how hard you work. 成敗取決於努力的程度. 3 [pred 作表語] ~ on/upon sth needing sth physically 肉體上需要某物: be dependent on drugs/alcohol 有毒癮[酒癮].

dependent

n (esp US) = dependant.

dependent clause

= subordinate clause (subordinate).

depict

/ dI5pIkt; dI`pIkt/ v [Tn, Cn.n/a, Cn.g] (a) show (sb/sth) as a picture; portray 描繪（某人[某事物]）; 描畫: a picture depicting him as a clown 把他畫成小丑的畫 *| The drawing depicts her sitting on a sofa. 這幅畫畫的是她坐在沙發上的姿勢. (b) describe (sth) in words 描述, 描寫（某事物）: Her novel depicts life in modern London (as an ordeal). 她的小說描寫的是倫敦現代的生活（苦不堪言）.

depiction

/ dI5pIkFn; dI`pIkFEn/ n [U, C].

depilatory

734/ dI5pIlEtrI; ?@ -tR:rI; dI`pIlE9tRrI/ n, adj (liquid, cream, etc) used for removing excess hair 用以

脫毛的（液、 膏、 霜、 油等）; 脫毛的; 脫毛劑.

deplane

/ 9di:5pleIn; di`plen/ v [I, Tn] (cause sb to) leave an

aircraft （使某人）下飛機: The troops (were)

deplaned an hour later. 部隊一個小時後下了飛

機.

deplete

/ dI5pli:t; dI`plit/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] reduce greatly the

quantity, size, power or value of (sth) 大量削減

（某物）的數量、 能力或價值; 消耗: Our stock of

food is greatly depleted. 我們的食物儲備已消耗

殆盡. *| This expense has depleted our funds.

這筆花費已使我們的資金所剩無幾. *| a lake

depleted of fish, ie with many of the fish gone

幾乎無魚的湖.

depletion

/ dI5pli:Fn; dI`pliFEn/ n [U] depleting or being

depleted 削減; 消耗.

deplore

/ dI5plR:(r); dI`plRr/ v [Tn] (a) be shocked or

offended by (sth); condemn 被（某事物）震驚或

觸 犯 ; 譴 責 : She deplored his scandalous

actions. 她譴責他那令人憤慨的行為. (b) feel

sorrow or regret about (sth) 對（某事物）感到悲

傷或悔恨.

deplorable

/ dI5plR:rEbl; dI`plRrEbl/ adj that is, or should be, condemned （ 應 ） 受 譴 責 的 : a deplorable

attitude, speech 應受譴責的態度、 講話 *| The

acting was deplorable! 這種演技糟透了!

deplorably

/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv.

deploy

/ dI5plRI; dI`plRI/ v (a) [I, Tn] (cause troops, etc to)

move into the correct position for battle （使部

隊等）進入戰斗位置; 調度, 部署（軍隊等）: The

infantry began to deploy at dawn. 步兵黎明時

開始進入戰斗位置. *| Artillery was deployed in

the west. 炮兵部署在西邊. (b) [Tn] use (sth)

effectively 有效地使用（某物）: deploy one's

arguments, resources, etc 有效地利用論據、 資

源等.

deployment

n [U].

deponent

/ dI5pEUnEnt; dI`ponEnt/ n (law 律) person who

makes a written statement for use in a

lawcourt （給法庭提供書面證詞的）證人.

depopulate

/ 9di:5pCpjUleIt; di`pBpjE9let/ v [Tn] reduce the

number of people living in (a city, state, etc) 減少 （ 某 城 市 、 州 等 ） 的 人 口 : a country depopulated by war, famine, disease, etc 因戰爭、 饑荒、 疾病等而人口下降的國家.

depopulation

/ 9di:pCpjU5leIFn; 9dipBpjE`le-FEn/ n [U].

deport

/ dI5pR:t; dI`pRrt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from...) legally force (a foreigner, criminal, etc) to leave a country 將（外國人、 罪犯等）驅逐出境: He was convicted of drug offences and deported. 他被判犯有毒品罪而遭驅逐出境.

deportation

/ 9di:pR:5teIFn; 9dipRr`teFEn/ n [C, U] (instance of) deporting or being deported 驅逐出境: Years ago convicted criminals in England could face deportation to Australia. 很多年以前, 英國已定罪的犯人可能被驅逐到澳大利亞.

deportee

/ 9di:pR:5ti:; 9dipRr`ti/ n person who is or has been deported 被驅逐出境的人.

deportment

/ dI5pR:tmEnt; dI`pRrtmEnt/ n [U] (fml 文) (a) (Brit) way of standing and walking; bearing 舉止; 風度; 儀態: Young ladies used to have lessons in deportment. 少 女 以 前 要 上 儀 態 課 . (b) (US) behaviour 行為; 舉止.

depose

/ dI5pEUz; dI`poz/ v 1 [Tn] remove (esp a ruler such as a king) from power 罷免, 革除, 廢黜（尤指統治者, 如國王）. 2 [Ipr, Tf] ~ to doing sth (law 律) give (usu written) evidence, esp on oath in a lawcourt （通常以書面）證明, 作證（尤指在法庭宣誓）: depose to having seen sth 宣誓證明曾目睹某事物 *| depose that one saw sth 宣誓證明親眼見到某事物. Cf 參看 deposition.

deposit

/ dI5pCzIt; dI`pBzIt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] 1 (a) put (money) into a bank, esp to earn interest, etc 將（錢）存 入 銀 行 : The cheque was only deposited yesterday, so it hasn't been cleared yet. 這張支票昨天才存入銀行, 所以尚未兌現. (b) ~ sth (with sb) give (sth valuable or important) to sb to be kept in a safe place 將（有價值的或重要之物）交與某人保管: deposit papers with one's lawyer 將文件交與律師保管. 2 (a) pay (sth) as part of a larger sum, the rest of which is to be paid later 付（定金）: I had to deposit 10% of the price of the house. 我必須先付房價的 10%作定錢. (b) pay (a sum) as a guarantee in case one damages or loses sth one is renting 付（押金）: 735You must deposit 500 as well as the first

month's rent. 你必須付 500 英鎊押金及第一個月

的租賃費. 3 ~ sth (on sth) (fml 文) (a) lay or put

sth down 放下某物: He deposited the books on

the desk. 他把書放在辦公桌上了. *| Some

insects deposit their eggs on the ground. 有些

昆蟲把卵產在地上. (b) (esp of liquids or a river)

cause (mud, silt, etc) to settle （尤指液體、 河

流）使（淤泥等）沉積: The Nile floods the fields

and deposits mud on them. 尼羅河泛濫, 在田

野上淤積一層泥.

deposit

/ dI5pCzIt; dI`pBzIt/ n 1 [C] sum paid into an

account, eg at a bank 存款: a 10 deposit 10 英

鎊的存款 *| She made two deposits of 500 last

month. 她上月存了兩筆 500 英鎊的款. 2 [C] ~

(on sth) (a) payment of a part of a larger sum, the rest of which is to be paid later 定金; 定錢:

The shop promised to keep the goods for me if

I paid a deposit. 商店答應, 倘若我付定金就給我

保留這批貨. (b) sum that sb pays in advance, in

case he damages or loses sth he is renting 押

金; 保證金: I had to pay a 500 deposit to the

landlord before I could move into the house.

我得付給房東 500 英鎊押金才能搬進房里去. 3 [C, U] (a) layer of matter laid down by a liquid, river, etc （液體、 河流等的）沉積物: A thick

deposit of mud lay on the fields when the flood

went down. 洪水退後, 田野上留下一層厚泥. (b)

layer of matter (often deep in the earth) that

has accumulated naturally （常為在地層深處

的）沉積物, 礦床: Valuable deposits of oil have

been found by drilling. 通過鉆探發現很有開采價

值的油層. 4 (idm 習語) on de`posit in a deposit

account 在定 期 存 款 帳 戶 中 : have 2000 on

deposit 有 2000 英鎊定期存款.

deposit account

type of account, usu at a bank, in which

money earns interest but cannot be taken out

unless the bank is warned in advance 定期存

款帳戶. Cf 參看 current account (current1), savings account (saving).

deposition

/ 9depE5zIFn; 9dZpE`zIFEn/ n 1 [U] removing (a ruler

such as a king) from power; dethronement （對

國王等統治者的）廢黜, 罷免. 2 [U, C] (law 律)

(action of making a) statement on oath 宣誓作

證; （經宣誓的）證詞: The accused has made a

deposition. 被告已宣誓作證. Cf 參看 depose.

depositor

/ dI5pCzItE(r); dI`pBzItL/ n person who deposits (eg money in a bank) 存放者（如在銀行存錢）; 存戶; 儲戶.

depository

/ dI5pCzItErI; dI`pBzE9tRrI/ n place where things, eg furniture, are stored; storehouse 儲藏室; 倉庫.

depot

/ 5depEU; `dZpo/ n (1) (a) storehouse, esp for military supplies; warehouse 倉庫; （尤指）軍需庫; 棧房. (b) place where vehicles, eg buses, are kept 車庫（如公共汽車的）. (2) (US) railway or bus station 火車站; 公共汽車站.

deprave

/ dI5preIv; dI`prev/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被動語態] (fml 文) make (sb) morally bad; corrupt 使（某人）道德敗壞; 使墮落; 使腐化: a man depraved by bad company 被壞朋友帶壞的人.

depravation

/ 9deprE5veIFn; 9dZprE`veFEn/ n [U] .

depraved

/ dI5preIvd; dI`prevd/ adj morally bad; corrupt 道德敗壞的; 墮落的; 腐化的: depraved thoughts, morals, companions 墮落的思想、 道德、 伙伴*| He was totally depraved. 他徹底墮落了.

depravity

/ dI5prAvEtI; dI`prAvEtI/ n 1 [U] state of being depraved; corruption 墮 落 ; 腐 化 : a life of depravity 腐化的生活 *| sunk in depravity 墮落 . 2 [C] depraved act 墮 落 的 行 為 : the depravities of a corrupt ruler 腐敗的統治者的墮落行為.

deprecate

/ 5deprEkeIt; `dZprE9ket/ v (fml 文) (a) [Tn, Tw, Tg, Tsg] feel and express disapproval of (sth) 對（某事物）表示不贊成; 反對: Hasty action is to be deprecated. 切不可草率行事. *| He deprecates (her) changing the party's policy. 他不贊成（她）改變黨的方針. (b) [Tn, Tw] feel embarrassed or displeased by (sb's flattery, etc) 因（某人的奉承等 ） 覺 得 難 為 情 或 不 自 在 : deprecate sb's compliments, condescending charm 對某人的奉承話、 屈尊俯就的態度覺得不自在.

deprecating

adj: a deprecating smile 不以為然的微笑.

deprecatingly

adv.

deprecatory

/ 9deprI-5keItErI; ?@ -tR:rI; `dZprEkE9tRrI/ adj: a deprecatory remark, view, etc 表示不悅的言語、觀點等.

depreciate

736/ dI5pri:FIeIt; dI`priFI9et/ v 1 [I] become less

valuable 貶值: Shares in the company have

depreciated. 該公司的股票已經貶值. 2 [Tn] state

that (sth) is not valuable, important, etc;

disparage 貶低; 輕視: Don't depreciate my

efforts to help/what I have done. 不要輕視我為

幫忙所付出的努力[我已做的事].

depreciation

/ dI9pri:FI5eIFn; dI9priFI`eFEn/ n [C, U]: suffer a

sharp depreciation 遭受巨大貶值損失.

depreciatory

/ dI5pri:FEtErI; ?@ -tR:rI; dI`priFE9tRrI/ adj:

depreciatory remarks about a great

achievement 對一巨大成就的輕蔑言論.

depredation

/ 9deprE5deIFn; 9dZprE`deFEn/ n [pl] (fml 文) damage

caused by an attack, accident, etc （由攻擊、事

故等造成的）損壞, 破壞: The town survived the

depredations of marauding gangs. 這個城鎮經

受 住 了 打 家 劫 舍 的 匪 徒 造 成 的 破 壞 . *| the

depredations of the storm 暴風雨的蹂躪.

depress

/ dI5pres; dI`prZs/ v [Tn] 1 make (sb) sad and

without enthusiasm 使（某人）憂愁, 消沉, 沮

喪: Wet weather always depresses me. 我在陰

雨天總是心灰意懶. 2 press, push or pull (sth)

down 將（某物）壓下, 推下, 拉下: depress a

lever, a piano key, a button, etc 壓杠桿、 按鋼

琴鍵、 按鈕. 3 make (esp trade) less active 使

（尤指貿易）不活躍, 不景氣, 蕭條: depress a

market 使市場蕭條 *| depress sales 使銷售額

下降 *| A rise in oil prices depresses the car

market. 油價上漲導致汽車市場不景氣.

depressant

/ -Ent; -nt/ n, adj (substance) that reduces

mental or physical activity 抑制（腦力或體力活

動）的（藥物）: a depressant drug 抑制藥.

depressed

adj sad and without enthusiasm 憂愁的; 消沉

的 ; 沮 喪 的 : depressed about the election

results 因選舉結果而垂頭喪氣.

depressing

adj making one feel depressed 令人憂愁的; 使

人沮喪的: a depressing sight, prospect, film 令

人沮喪的景象、 前景、 影片. depressingly adv:

The crime rate is depressingly high. 犯罪率太

高, 令人憂心忡忡.

depressed area

part of a country where there is little economic

activity (resulting in poverty and

unemployment) （一國的）經濟蕭條地區.

depression

/ dI5preFn; dI`prZFEn/ n 1 [U] being depressed; low spirits 憂愁; 沮喪; 消沉: He committed suicide during a fit of depression. 他一時想不開, 自殺了. 2 [C] hollow sunken place in the surface of sth, esp the ground; dip 凹陷處; （尤指）洼地, 坑: depressions on the face of the moon 月球表面的凹陷處 *| The soldiers hid from the enemy in a slight depression. 士兵們隱藏在低洼處, 躲過了敵人. 3 [C] period when there is little economic activity, and usu poverty and unemployment 經濟蕭條期. 4 [C] (a) (winds caused by a) lowering of atmospheric pressure 氣壓降低（形成的氣流）. (b) area where this happens 低氣壓區: a depression over Iceland 冰島上空的低氣壓區. Cf 參看 anticyclone.

depressive

/ dI5presIv; dI`prZsIv/ adj 1 tending to depress; of depression 憂愁的; 壓抑的; 沮喪的; 抑郁的: a depressive drug, illness 易產生抑郁的藥物、 疾病. 2 intended to reduce trading activity 為減少貿易活動的: a depressive financial policy 為抑制貿易活動而采取的金融方針.

depressive

n person who often suffers from depression(1) 經常憂愁、 沮喪、 消沉的人.

depressurize, depressurise

/ 9di:5preFEraIz; di`prZFE9raIz/ v [Tn] reduce the pressure of air or gas in (a vessel, cabin, etc) 減低, 降低（容器、 艙室等）的氣壓.

depressurization, depressurisation n [U].

deprive

/ dI5praIv; dI`praIv/ v [Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth of sth take sth away from sb/sth; prevent sb/sth from enjoying or using sth 剝奪某人[某事物]的某事物; 阻止某人[某事物]享有或使用某事物: deprived of one's civil rights 剝奪某人的公民權 *| trees that deprive a house of light 遮住房中光線的樹*| (joc 謔 ) Are you depriving us of your company (ie leaving us)? 你要舍我們而去嗎?

deprivation

/ 9deprI5veIFn; 9dZprI`veFEn/ n 1 [U] (a) depriving or being deprived 剝 奪 : suffer deprivation of one's rights as a citizen 公民權遭到剝奪. (b) state of not having the normal benefits of adequate food, etc; poverty 貧 乏 ; 窮 困 : widespread deprivation caused by unemployment 由失業造成的普遍貧困現象. 2 [C] thing of which one is deprived 被剝奪的事物; 喪失的事物: Missing the holiday was a great 737deprivation. 錯過假日是極大的損失.

deprived

adj without the normal benefits of adequate

food, housing, health care, etc 貧困的; 窮苦的:

a deprived childhood, background, area 貧苦

的童年、 出身、 地區 *| The poorest and most

deprived people will receive special

government help. 最窮的、 生活條件最差的人可

得到政府的特別援助.

Dept

abbr 縮寫 = Department(1): Linguistics Dept, eg of a university 語言學系（如大學的）.

depth

/ depW; dZpW/ n 1 [C, U] (a) distance from the top

down 深, 深度（從上至下的距離）: the depth of

the well, mine, box, trunk 井、 礦井、 盒、 行

李箱的深度 *| Water was found at a depth of

30 ft. 在 30 英尺深處找到了水. *| At what depth

does the wreck lie? 沉船位置的深度是多少?

=>illus at dimension 見 dimension 之插圖. (b)

distance from the front to the back 寬, 寬度

（從前至後的距離）: shelves with a depth of 8

ins 8 英寸寬的擱板. (c) distance from the

surface inwards 深, 深度（從表面向內部的距離）:

the depth of a wound, crack, etc 傷口、 裂縫等

的深度. 2 [C, U] (a) (of colours, darkness, etc)

intensity （指顏色、 黑暗等）濃度, 強度. (b) (of

sounds) lowness in pitch （指聲音）低沉. 3 [U]

(a) (of feelings, etc) sincerity; intensity （指感情

等）誠摯, 真誠, 強烈: the depth of her love 她愛

情的真摯. (b) ability to understand or explain

difficult ideas 領悟或解釋深奧意念的能力: a

writer of great depth and wisdom 極具領悟力和

智慧的作家. (c) having or showing this ability

上述能力的體現: a novel that lacks depth 缺乏

深度的小說. 4 (idm 習語) ,in `depth thoroughly

完全地; 徹底地; 深入地: to study a subject in

depth 深 入 研 究 一 科 目 *| [attrib 作 定 語 ]

an ,in-depth `study 深入的研究. in the ~(s) of

sth when or where sth is deepest, most severe, etc 在最深處; 在最嚴峻的時刻: in the depth of

winter 在隆冬 *| in the depths of despair 在絕

望的深淵 *| in the depth of the country, ie a

long way from a town 在偏遠的鄉村. (be/get)

out of one's depth (a) (be/go) in water too deep

to stand in 在深得不能站立的水中: If you can't

swim, don't get out of your depth. 不會游泳就

不 要 到 水 深 沒 頂 的 地 方 去 . (b) (be/become)

unable to understand a subject or topic 不能

理解: When they start talking about economics, I'm out of my depth. 他們一談起經濟學, 我就一竅不通了. plumb the depths of sth => plumb.

depth charge

bomb used against submarines that explodes under water 深水炸彈. Cf 參看 mine2.

deputation

/ 9depjU5teIFn; 9dZpjE`teFEn/ n [CGp] group of people given the right to act or speak for others 代表團.

depute

/ dI5pju:t; dI`pjut/ v (fml 文) 1 [Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb give (one's work, authority, etc) to sb else 將（工作、 職權等）交予某人: He deputed the running of the department to an assistant. 他把部門的管理工作委托給助手了. 2 [Dn.t] give (sb else) authority to act or speak on one's behalf 給予（某人）代表行事或發言之權: They were deputed to put our views to the assembly. 他們代表我們向議會表達我們的觀點.

deputize, deputise

/ 5depjUtaIz; `dZpjE9taIz/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (for sb) act or speak on sb's behalf 代表某人行事或說話: Dr Mitchell's ill so I'm deputizing (for her). 米切爾博士病了, 所以我做代理（她的）工作.

deputy

/ 5depjUtI; `dZpjEtI/ n 1 person who is given work, authority, etc (eg during sb's absence) 代理人; 代表: I'm acting as deputy till the headmaster returns. 我在校長回來前代行他的職務. 2 person who is immediately below the head of a business, school, etc （企業、 學校等領導人的）副手: the Director General and his deputy 董事長 及 其 副 手 *| [attrib 作 定 語 ] the deputy headmistress 女副校長. 3 (in some countries, eg France) member of a legislative assembly （某些國家中, 如法國的）議員.

derail

/ dI5reIl; dI`rel/ v [Tn] cause (a train, etc) to go off the rails 使（火車等）脫軌: The engine was derailed by a tree lying across the line. 有一棵樹橫在鐵軌上, 造成機車出軌.

derailment

n.

deranged

/ dI5reIndVd; dI`rendVd/ adj unable to act and think normally, esp because of mental illness; seriously disturbed 精神錯亂的; （尤指）有精神病的; 精神失常的: She's completely deranged. 她完全精神錯亂了. *| a deranged attacker, mind, laugh 瘋狂的攻擊者、 失常的心態、 狂笑. 738derangement

n [U].

derby

/ 5dB:bI; ?@ 5d:rbI; `d[bI/ n 1 the Derby [sing] annual horse race at Epsom, England 德比馬賽（英國埃普瑟姆一年一度的馬賽）. 2 [C] (US) any of several annual horse races （每年舉行的任何的）馬賽. 3 [C] any important sporting contest （任何重要的）運動比賽: a local derby, ie between local teams 本地的運動比賽.

Derby Day

day when the Derby is run (in June) （英國埃普瑟姆一年一度的）馬賽日（在六月份）.

derby

/ 5d:rbI; `d[bI/ n (US) = bowler2.

deregulate

/ 9di:5regjUleIt; di`rZ^jE9let/ v [Tn] remove the regulations from (sth) 撤銷對（某事物）的規定、管制: deregulate the price of oil 撤銷對石油價格的管制.

deregulation

n [U].

derelict

/ 5derElIkt; `dZrE9lIkt/ adj deserted and allowed to fall into ruins; dilapidated 棄置的; 破舊的; 坍塌的: a derelict house 棄置的房屋 *| derelict areas 離棄的地區.

dereliction

/ 9derE5lIkFn; 9dZrE`lIkFEn/ n 1 [U] being derelict 遺棄; 棄置: a house in a state of dereliction 棄置的房屋. 2 (idm 習語) ,dereliction of `duty (fml 文) (deliberate) failure to do what one ought to do 失職: be guilty of a serious dereliction of duty 犯嚴重失職罪.

derestrict

/ 9di:rI5strIkt; 9dirI`strIkt/ v [Tn] remove a restriction, esp a speed limit, from (sth) 取消對（某事 物）的限制（尤指車速）: derestrict a road 取消對一公路的速度限制.

deride

/ dI5raId; dI`raId/ v [Tn, Cn.n/a] ~ sb/sth (as sth) treat sb/sth as funny and not worthy of serious attention; mock sb/sth 嘲笑; 嘲弄:

They derided his efforts (as childish). 他們嘲笑他的做法（很幼稚）.

derision

/ dI5rIVn; dI`rIVEn/ n [U] ridicule or mockery 嘲笑; 嘲弄; 笑柄: be an object of general derision, ie be derided by everybody 是大家嘲弄的對象 *|Her naive attitude provoked their derision. 她那天真的態度受到他們嘲笑.

derisive

/ dI5raIsIv; dI`raIsIv/ adj showing ridicule or mockery 嘲笑的; 嘲弄的: derisive laughter, booing, etc 嘲弄的笑聲、 噓聲等.

derisively

adv.

derisory

/ dI5raIsErI; dI`raIsErI/ adj 1 so small or unimportant that it is not worth considering seriously 不值一哂的: a derisory offer, eg 100 for a car that is worth 1000 低得可笑的出價（如對價值 1000 英鎊的汽車, 出價 100 英鎊）. 2 = derisive.

derivation

/ 9derI5veIFn; 9dZrE`veFEn/ n 1 [U] development or origin (esp of words) 發展; 起源; （尤指詞語的）派生: the derivation of words from Latin 詞語自拉丁文的派生 *| a word of French derivation 由 法 語 派 生 的 詞 . 2 [C] (a) first form and meaning of a word 詞源. (b) later change of form and meaning 派生的詞形和詞義: give the derivations of words 指出詞語的派生詞形和詞義.

derivative

/ dI5rIvEtIv; dE`rIvEtIv/ adj (usu derog 通常作貶義) derived from sth else; not original 由他事物演變的; 非獨創的: a derivative design, style, etc 蹈襲前人的設計、 式樣等.

derivative

n derived word or thing 派 生 詞 ; 衍 生 物 : `Assertion' is a derivative of `assert'. assertion是 assert 的派生詞.

derive

/ dI5raIv; dE`raIv/ v 1 [Tn.pr] ~ sth from sth (fml 文) obtain sth from sth; get sth from sth 得到; 獲取: derive great pleasure from one's studies 從 學 習 中 獲 得 極 大 樂 趣 *| She derived no benefit from the course of drugs. 她用藥經此療程後并無好轉. 2 (a) [Ipr] ~ from sth have sth as a starting-point, source or origin; originate from sth 源自; 源於: Thousands of English words derive from Latin. 英語中有成千上萬的詞源自拉丁文. (b) [Tn.pr] ~ sth from sth trace sth from (a source) 對某事物追本窮源: We can derive the word `derelict' from the Latin `derelictus'. derelict 這一詞的起源可以追溯到拉丁文的 derelictus.

derm(a)- comb form 構 詞 成 分 of skin 皮 膚 的 : dermatology *| dermatitis.

dermatitis

739/ 9d:mE5taItIs; 9d[mE`taItIs/ n [U] (medical 醫)

inflammation of the skin 皮炎.

dermatology

/ 9d:mE5tClEdVI; 9d[mE`tBlEdVI/ n [U] medical study of the skin and its diseases, etc 皮膚學; 皮膚病學.

dermatologist

/ 9d:mE5tClEdVIst; 9d[mE`tBlEdVIst/ n expert in dermatology 皮膚學專家; 皮膚病專家.

dermis

/ 5d:mIs; `d[mIs/ n (anatomy 解) layer of skin below the epidermis 真皮（表皮下面的皮層）.

derogate

/ 5derEgeIt; `dZrE9^et/ v [Ipr] ~ from sth (fml 文) cause sth to seem inferior; detract from sth 貶低; 減損; 毀損: remarks derogating from her merits, qualities, virtues, etc 貶低她的優點、 品質、 美德等的言語.

derogatory

/ dI5rCgEtrI; ?@ -tR:rI; dI`rB^E9tRrI/ adj (abbr derog in this dictionary 本詞典縮寫作 derog) showing a hostile or critical attitude (to sb's reputation, etc); insulting 貶低的; 毀損的; 貶抑的; 侮辱的:

The word `pig' is a derogatory term for policeman. pig 是個侮辱警察的詞. *| remarks that were highly derogatory 極傷人的言語.

derrick

/ 5derIk; `dZrIk/ n 1 large crane for moving or lifting heavy weights, esp on a ship 轉臂起重機; （尤指輪船上的）桅桿起重機. 2 framework over an oil well or borehole, to hold the drilling machinery, etc 井架; 鉆塔. Cf 參看 oil rig (oil).

derring-do

/ 9derIN5du:; `dZrIN`du/ n [U] (arch or joc 古或謔) heroic deeds 英 勇 事 跡 : stirring tales of derring-do 講述英勇事跡的激動人心的故事.

derv

/ d:v; d[v/ n [U] (Brit) fuel oil for diesel engines (from diesel-engined road vehicle) 柴油機燃油（由 diesel-engined road vehicle 四詞的首字母組成）.

dervish

/ 5d:vIF; `d[vIF/ n member of a Muslim religious order （伊斯蘭教的）苦行僧人: dancing dervishes, ie those who take part in whirling dances 跳旋轉舞蹈的苦行僧人.

DES

/ 9di: i: 5es; 9di i `Zs/ abbr 縮 寫 = (Brit) Department of Education and Science 教育暨科學部: DES grants 教育暨科學部撥款.

desalinate

/ 9di:5sAlIneIt; di`sAlE9net/ v [Tn] remove salt from (esp sea-water) 從（尤指海水）中除去鹽分; 使脫鹽.

desalination

/ 9di:9slI5neIFn; 9disAlE`neFEn/ n [U].

descale

/ 9di:5skeIl; di`skel/ v [Tn] remove scale1(3) from (eg the inside of boilers and kettles) 從（如鍋爐和水壺的內壁）上除去水垢, 水銹.

descant

/ 5deskAnt; `dZskAnt/ n (music 音 ) treble accompaniment (often improvised) which is sung or played to a melody 高音部伴奏或伴唱（常為即興的）.

descant

v / dI5sknt; dI`skAnt/ [Ipr] ~ on/upon sth 1 (music 音) sing or play a descant on sth 為某樂曲作高音伴奏或伴唱. 2 (fml 文) talk for a long time about sth; comment on sth 長時間談論某事; 評論某物: descant endlessly on the Government's failings 無盡無休地談論政府的過失.

descend

/ dI5send; dI`sZnd/ v 1 (fml 文) (a) [I, Tn] come or go down (sth) 下來; 下去; 下降: The balloon descended gradually as the air came out. 氣球空氣外逸而緩緩下降. *| She descended the stairs. 她走下樓梯. (b) [I] (of a hill, etc) lead downwards; slope （指山等）下傾, 下斜: We turned the corner and saw that the road descended steeply. 我們轉過彎, 看到路陡然下傾. 2 [Ipr] ~ from sb (of properties, qualities, rights) pass from father to son; be inherited by sb from sb （指財產、 氣質、 權利）由父傳子, 從某人處繼承, 傳下, 遺傳: The title descends to me from my father. 這個頭銜是由我父親傳給我的. 3 [I] (fml 文) (of night, darkness) fall （指夜、黑暗）降臨: Night descends quickly in the tropics. 熱帶地區黑夜來得很快. 4 (idm 習語) be descended from sb have sb as an ancestor 為某人的後裔: She claims to be descended from royalty. 她聲稱她是皇室後裔. 5 (phr v) descend on/upon sb/sth (a) attack sb/sth suddenly 襲擊某人[某物]: The police descended on their hide-out. 警察突襲了他們的藏身處. (b) visit sb/sth unexpectedly or inconveniently 出乎意料地或不合時宜地去見某人[來到某處]: My sister's family is descending on us this weekend. 想不到我姐姐一家本周末要到我們這里來. descend to sth (no passive 不用於被動語態) do or say sth that is mean and unworthy of one; stoop to sth 740做或說卑鄙無恥的事; 降低身分或人格做某事:

descend to fraud, abuse, bad language 墮落到去欺詐、 辱罵、 使用下流語言.

descendant

/ -Ent; -Ent/ n person descended from another 後代; 後裔: the descendants of Queen Victoria 維多利亞女王的後裔. Cf 參看 ancestor 1.

descent

/ dI5sent; dI`sZnt/ n 1 (a) [C usu sing 通常作單數] coming or going down 下來; 下去: The plane began its descent into Paris. 飛機到巴黎開始降落. (b) [C] slope 斜坡: Here there is a gradual descent to the sea. 這里有個通向海的緩坡. 2 [U] origins; ancestry 出身; 血統; 祖先; 祖籍: of French descent, ie having French ancestors 祖籍法國 *| He traces his descent from the Stuart kings. 他的祖先可追溯至斯圖亞特國王. 3 [C] ~(on/upon sb/sth) (fig 比喻) (a) attack 攻擊; 襲擊: the invaders' descent on the town 入侵者對該城的攻擊. (b) unexpected or inconvenient visit 出乎意料的或不合時宜的到訪: a sudden descent by tax officials 稅務官員之突然到來. 4 [sing] change to behaviour that is low and unworthy 墮落: a sharp descent to violent abuse 突然粗俗得破口大罵.

describe

/ dI5skraIb; dI`skraIb/ v 1 [Tn, Tw, Cn.n/a, Dn.pr, Dpr.w] ~ sb/sth (to/for sb); ~ sb/sth as sth say what sb/sth is like; depict sth in words 描述 某 人 [ 某 事 物 ]; 敘 述 某 事 物 ; 形 容 : Words cannot describe the beauty of the scene. 那景色之美難以言傳. *| Describe (to me) how you were received. （跟我）說說接待你的情況. *| She described it as red with pink frills. 她將之描述為紅色的帶有粉紅色飾邊. 2 [Cn.n/a] ~ sb/sth as sth state sb/sth to be sth; call 叫做; 稱做: I hesitate to describe him as really clever. 我很難說他真聰明. *| He describes himself as a doctor. 他自稱是醫生. 3 [Tn] (a) draw (esp a geometrical figure) 畫（尤指幾何圖形）: describe a circle with a pair of compasses 用圓規畫圓. (b) move along (a line, curve, etc) 沿（直線、 曲線等）移動: A bullet describes a curved path in the air. 子彈在空中作曲線運動.

description

/ dI5skrIpFn; dI`skrIpFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] saying in words what sb/sth is like 對某人[某事物]的描述 、 敘 述 、 形 容 : He's not very good at description. 他 不 大 擅 長 描 寫 敘 述 . *| The

scenery was beautiful beyond description. 那風景美麗得難以形容. (b) [C] picture in words 描繪: Can you give me a description of the thief? 你能給我形容一下那個竊賊的模樣嗎? 2 (preceded by of and an adj or some, every, etc 用於 of 和形容詞或 some、 every 等之後) (infml 口) type; sort 類型; 種類: boats of every description 各種類型的船 *| a house of some description 某種 類 型 的 房 子 *| wearing a dress of no particular description, ie a very ordinary dress 穿著很普通的連衣裙 *| medals, coins and things of that description 那一類的紀念章、 硬幣、 東西. 3 (idm 習語) answer to a description => answer2. beggar description => beggar.

descriptive

/ dI5skrIptIv; dI`skrIptIv/ adj 1 (a) giving a picture in words 描述的; 描寫的: a descriptive passage in a novel 小說中的一段描寫. (b) describing sth with skill 精 於 描 述 的 : a very descriptive account of a journey 對旅程十分生動的敘述 *|The report was so descriptive, I felt as if I were there. 這報道寫得活色生香, 我也宛如身臨其境. 2 (grammar) describing how language is actually used, without giving rules for how it ought to be used 描寫語言的（描述語言的使用實況而不規定使用規則的）.

descriptively

adv.

descriptiveness

n [U].

descry

/ dI5skraI; dI`skraI/ v (pt, pp descried) [Tn] (fml 文) see (sth) esp a long way away; catch sight of 看見（某物）（尤指從遠處）; 望見: I descry a sail on the horizon. 我看見在天水交接處的輪船.

desecrate

/ 5desIkreIt; `dZsI9kret/ n [Tn] treat (a sacred thing or place) in an unworthy or evil way 褻瀆（圣物 或 圣 地 ） : desecrate a grave, chapel, monument, etc 褻瀆墳墓、 小教堂、 紀念碑等.

desecration

/ 9desI5kreIFn; 9dZsI`kreFEn/ n [U] desecrating or being desecrated 褻瀆.

desegregate

/ 9di:5segrIgeIt; di`sZ^rI^et/ v [Tn] end racial segregation in (sth) 廢除（某事物）的種族隔離: desegregate schools, buses 廢除學校里、 公共汽車里的種族隔離.

desegregation

/ 9di:9segrI5geIFn; di9sZ^rI`^eFEn/ n [U].

deselect

741/ 9di:sI5lekt; 9disE`lZkt/ v [Tn] (Brit) (of a local

constituency party) reject (the existing Member of Parliament) as a candidate at a forthcoming election （指地方選區政黨）否決（現任議員）作下屆候選人.

deselection

n [U].

desensitize, desensitise

/ 9di:5sensItaIz; di`sZnsE9taIz/ v [Tn] make (a patient, nerve, etc) insensitive or less sensitive to light, pain, etc 使（病人、 神經等）對光、 疼痛等無感覺或不敏感; 使脫敏: desensitize an area of skin 使一塊皮膚脫敏 *| (fig 比喻) people who are morally desensitized 道德觀念不強的人.

desensitization, desensitisation

/ 9di:9sensItaI5zeIFn; ?@ -tE5z-; 9disZnsEtE`zeFEn/ n [U].

desert

/ dI5z:t; dI`z[t/ v 1 [Tn] (a) go away from (a place) without intending ever to return 離棄（一地方）; 放棄; 遺棄: desert a house, city, etc 離棄一所房屋 、 一 座城 市 等 *| The village had been hurriedly deserted, perhaps because terrorists were in the area. 全村人都匆匆逃走了, 或許因為該地區有恐怖分子. (b) leave (sb) without help or support; abandon 離 棄（某人 ） ; 拋棄 : He deserted his wife and children and went abroad. 他拋棄了妻子兒女, 出國去了. *| He has become so rude that his friends are deserting him. 他變得十分粗野, 朋友們都不和他來往了. 2 [I, Ipr, Tn] leave (esp service in the armed forces, or a ship) without authority or permission; run away 擅自離開（尤指軍中或船上的職守）; 逃跑; 潛逃: A soldier who deserts (his post) in time of war is punished severely. 戰爭期間開小差的士兵要受到嚴懲. *| desert from the army 開小差. 3 [Tn] fail (sb) when needed 在關鍵時使（某人）失望: His courage/presence of mind deserted him. 他喪失了勇氣[再不能鎮定自若].

deserted

adj (a) with no one present 無人的: a deserted street, area, etc 空無一人的街道、 地區等 *|The office was quite deserted. 這個辦公室里沒有人. (b) abandoned 被離棄的; 被遺棄的; 被拋棄的: a deserted hut, house, etc 被離棄的小屋、房 子 等 *| a deserted wife, ie one whose husband has left her 遭遺棄的妻子.

deserter

n person who deserts (desert1 2) 擅離職守者; 開小差者; 潛逃者.

desertion

/ dI5z:Fn; dI`z[FEn/ n [C, U] (instance of) deserting or being deserted 離棄; 遺棄; 拋棄; 開小差: Is desertion grounds for divorce? 被配偶遺棄是離婚的理由嗎? *| Desertion from the army is punishable by death. 開小差可處死刑.

desert

/ 5dezEt; `dZzLt/ n [C, U] (large area of) barren land, with very little water and vegetation, often sand-covered 沙漠; 荒漠; 荒原: Vast areas of land have become desert. 廣大的地區均已變成沙漠. *| the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉大沙漠 *| [attrib 作定語] desert wastes, sands, etc 不毛的荒地、 沙漠等.

desert island

uninhabited island (esp in the tropics) 無人居住的島（尤指熱帶地區的）.

deserts

/ dI5z:ts; dI`z[ts/ n [pl] what one deserves 應得到的事物: be rewarded/punished according to one's deserts 受到應得的獎賞[懲罰] *| get/meet with one's just deserts 得到應得的獎賞或懲罰.

deserve

/ dI5z:v; dI`z[v/ v (not used in the continuous tenses 不用於進行時態) 1 [Tn, Tt] be sth or have done sth for which one should receive (a reward, special treatment, etc); be entitled to; merit 應受（獎賞、特殊待遇等）; 應得; 值得: The article deserves careful study. 這篇文章值得仔細研究. *| She deserves a reward for her efforts. 她積極努力, 應得到獎賞. *| He richly deserved all that happened to him. 他得到這一切確是受之無愧. *| They deserve to be sent to prison. 他們應該入獄. *| much deserved praise 受之無愧的贊揚. 2 (idm 習語) deserve well/ill of sb (fml 文) be worthy of good/bad treatment by sb 應該受到某人好的[壞的]待遇: She deserves well of her employers. 她應當受到雇主善待. one good turn deserves another => turn2.

deservedly

/ dI5z:vIdlI; dI`z[vIdlI/ adv according to what is deserved; justly; rightly 應得地; 理所當然地; 恰如其分地: She was deservedly praised. 她受到了應得的表揚.

deserving

/ dI5z:vIN; dI`z[vIN/ adj ~ (of sth) worthy of help, praise, a reward, etc （幫助、 贊揚、 獎勵等）應得的, 值得的: give money to a deserving cause 把錢捐給值得贊助的事業 *| be deserving of sympathy 值得同情的 *| a very deserving case, eg sb who used to be generous and now 742needs help 很值得幫助的人.

deshabille

/ 9deIzA5bi:eI; 9dZzE`bil/ n [U] (French 法) state of

being only partly dressed 衣著僅部分遮體:

appear in deshabille 出現時衣著隨便.

desiccant

/ 5desIkEnt; `dZsEkEnt/ n substance that absorbs

moisture, and is often used to keep food in

good condition 乾燥劑.

desiccate

/ 5desIkeIt; `dZsE9ket/ v [Tn] remove all the

moisture from (esp solid food) to preserve it 除

去 （ 尤指 食 物的 ） 水分 ; 使 脫 水 : desiccated

fruit/coconut 水果[椰子]乾.

desideratum

/ dI9zIdE5rB:tEm; dI9zIdE`rBtEm/ n (pl -rata/ -5rB:tE;

-`rBtE/) (fml 文) thing that is lacking and needed

需 要 的 東 西 : The report on the hospital

mentions such desiderata as a supply of clean

laundry. 報告中提到該醫院需要乾凈的洗換物品.

design

/ dI5zaIn; dI`zaIn/ n 1 (a) [C] ~ (for sth) drawing or

outline from which sth may be made 圖樣; 設

計圖: designs for a dress, a garden, an aircraft

連衣裙、 花園、 飛機的設計圖. (b) [U] art of

making such drawings, etc 設計術; 制圖術:

study textile design 學 習 紡 織 品 設 計 術 *|

industrial design 工 業 設 計 . 2 [U] general

arrangement or planning (of a building, book, machine, picture, etc) （建筑物、 書、 機器、 畫

等的）設計, 布局: The building seats 2000

people, but is of poor design. 這座建筑物可容納

2000 人, 但設計很差. *| A machine of faulty

design will not sell well. 設計不良的機器銷路不

會好. 3 [C] arrangement of lines, shapes or

figures as decoration on a carpet, vase, etc;

pattern （地毯、 花瓶等上的）裝飾圖案; 圖案: a

bowl with a flower design 有花卉圖案的碗. 4 [U, C] purpose; intention 目的; 打算; 意向: We

don't know if it was done by accident or by

design, ie deliberately. 我們不知道那是偶然的還

是故意的. *| His evil designs were frustrated.

他的罪惡企圖未能得逞. 5 (idm 習語 ) have

designs on sb/sth intend to harm sb/sth or

take sb/sth for oneself 企圖傷害某人[某事物];

企圖將某人[某事物]據為己有: She has designs on

his money. 她覬覦他的錢財. *| He has designs

on her, eg wants to seduce her. 他對她存心不良

（如想誘奸她）.

design

v 1 (a) [I, Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (for sb/sth) decide how sth will look, work, etc, esp by making plans, drawings or models of it 設計; 制圖: Do the Italians really design better than we do? 意大利人真比我們會設計嗎? *| design a car, a dress, a tool, an office 設計汽車、連衣裙、工具、 辦公室 *| They've designed us a superb studio. 他們給我們設計了一個極好的工作室. *|We design kitchens for today's cooks. 我們為當今一代的廚師設計廚房. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] think of and plan (a system, procedure, etc); devise 想出, 計劃（一系統、 步驟等）; 謀劃: Can anyone design a better timetable? 有人能定出更好的時間表嗎? *| We shall have to design a new curriculum for the third year. 我們得設計出三年級的新課程. 2 (idm 習語) be designed for sb/sth; be designed as sth; be designed to do sth be made or planned for a particular purpose or use 為某目的或用途而制造或計劃:

The gloves were designed for extremely cold climates. 這些手套是為嚴寒地區制造的. *| This course is designed as an introduction to the subject. 這門課程是作為該科目的入門課而開設的.

*| The route was designed to relieve traffic congestion. 這條路是為緩解交通擁擠而開辟的.

designedly

/ -IdlI; -IdlI/ advintentionally; on purpose 有意地; 蓄意地; 故意地. designing n [U] art of making designs (for machinery, dresses, etc) （機械、 服裝等的）設計術.

designate

/ 5dezIgneIt, -nEt; `dZzI^net, -nEt/ adj (following ns 用於名詞之後) appointed to a job (but not yet having officially started it) 已受委任（而尚未上任）的: the editor, director, archbishop, etc designate 已受委任的編輯、 董事、 大主教等.

designate

/ 5dezIgneIt; `dZzI^9net/ v 1 [Tn] mark or point out (sth) clearly 清 楚 地標 出 或 指 出（ 某 事 物 ） : designate the boundaries of sth 標出某事物的分界線. 2 [esp passive 尤用於被動語態: Cn.n, Cn.n/a] ~ sb/sth (as) sth (fml 文) (a) choose sb/sth for a special purpose 為某目的選擇某人[某事物]: The town has been designated (as) a development area. 該城已被定為開發區. (b) give a particular name, title or position to sb 給某人 某 名 稱 、 稱 號 、 職 務 或 地 位 : She was designated (as) sportswoman of the year. 她被命名為本年度的體壇明星. *| The chairman has designated Christina as his successor. 主席已 743指定克里斯蒂娜作他的繼任人.

designation

/ 9dezIg5neIFn; 9dZzI^`neFEn/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] ~ (as

sth) appointing of sb to an office 任命; 委派. 2

[C] name, title or description 名稱; 稱號; 稱呼:

His official designation is Financial Controller.

他的職稱是財務總監.

designer

/ dI5zaInE(r); dI`zaInL/ n person whose job is

designing (eg machinery, furniture, fashionable clothes) 設計者（如機器、 家具、 時

裝的設計人）: an industrial designer 工業設計師

*| dressed by a leading New York designer 穿

著紐約主要設計師設計的服裝 *| [attrib 作定語]

designer jeans 標有設計師姓名的牛仔褲 *| (joc

謔) designer stubble, ie an unshaven look

deliberately cultivated for effect （講派頭而不刮

臉的）胡子拉碴.

designing

/ dI5zaInIN; dI`zaInIN/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定語]

(derog 貶) wanting to carry out one's own

secret plans; cunning 別有用心的; 狡猾的:

Designing colleagues stopped them from

promoting me. 有些別有用心的同事阻止他們提

拔我.

desirable

/ dI5zaIErEbl; dI`zaIrEbl/ adj 1 ~ (that...) worth

having; to be wished for 值得有的; 想望的; 稱

心的; 合意的: a desirable residence, solution

稱心的住所、 解決方法 *| It is most desirable

that they should both come. 他們兩人都來, 這

最好不過了. 2 (of a person) arousing sexual

desire （指人）引起性欲的, 性感的: a very

desirable woman 非常性感的女子.

desirability

/ dI9zaIErE5bIlEtI; dI9zaIrE`bIlEtI/ n [U].

desirably

/ -rEblI; -rEblI/ adv.

desire

/ dI5zaIE(r); dI`zaIr/ n 1 (a) [U] ~ (for sth/to do sth)

strong sexual longing 性欲; 情欲; 肉欲: my

desire for her/to make love with her 我對她的

強烈的情欲[與她做愛的強烈欲望]. (b) [C] instance

of this 性欲; 情欲; 肉欲: passionate, intense, strong, etc desires 熱切的、 極大的、 強烈的...

性欲 *| satisfy one's desires 滿足性欲. 2 (a) [U]

~ (for sth/to do sth) longing; craving 渴望; 欲

望 ; 渴 求 ; 熱 望 : They had little desire for

wealth/to get rich. 他們對財富[致富]無大欲望.

*| his country's desire for friendly relations/to

establish friendly relations 他們國家對友好關系[建立友好關系]的熱望. (b) [C] instance of this; wish 渴望; 欲望; 渴求; 熱望: enough to satisfy all your desires 完全能滿足你所有的愿望. 3 [C] person or thing that is wished for 想望的人或物: She is my heart's desire. 她是我心上人.

desire

/ dI5zaIE(r); dI`zaIr/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tf, Tt, Tnt] (fml 文) wish for (sth); want 希望得到（某事物）; 想要: We all desire happiness and health. 我們都希望幸福和健康. *| Our holiday was all that could be desired, ie was entirely satisfactory. 我們的假日稱心如意. *| She desires you to come/that you come at once. 她希望你立即來. *| I have long desired to meet them. 我一直渴望見到他們. (b) [Tn] be sexually attracted to (sb) 被（某異性）吸引: She desires his young, strong body. 他年輕強壯的身體使她春心蕩漾. 2 (idm 習語) leave a lot, etc to be desired => leave1.

desirous

/ dI5zaIErEs; dI`zaIrEs/ adj [pred 作 表 語 ] ~ of sth/doing sth; ~ that... (fml or rhet 文或修辭) having a wish for (sth); wanting 希望; 渴望: desirous of peace 渴望和平 *| desirous of restoring relations between our two countries 渴望恢復我們兩國之間的關系 *| desirous that these initiatives should lead to further exchanges 希望這些主動的行動能促進交流.

desist

/ dI5zIst; dI`zIst/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth/doing sth) (fml 文) stop sth/doing sth; cease 停止某事物[不再做某事物]; 停止; 結束: I wish he'd desist from entertaining his friends at all hours of the day and night. 但愿他別再晝夜不分地招待他的朋友.

desk

/ desk; dZsk/ n 1 piece of furniture with a flat or sloping top, often with drawers, at which one can read, write or do business 書桌; 辦公桌:

an office desk 辦公桌 *| children seated at their desks 坐在各自書桌前的兒童 *| [attrib 作定語] a desk job 辦公室的工作. =>illus at App 1 見附錄 1 之插圖, page xvi. 2 table or counter in a public building behind which a receptionist, cashier, etc works （接待員、 出納員等的）桌子, 柜臺: an enquiry/information desk 問詢處[問訊處] *| leave a message at the desk of the hotel 在旅館的服務處留言. 3 office, eg in a newspaper or ministry, that handles a particular matter 辦事處（如報社或政府部門的）; 部; 司; 組: 744Jefferies is running the sports desk. 杰弗里斯

負責體育新聞組.

desk clerk

(US) = clerk 3.

desk-top

/ -tCp; -9tBp/ n top of a desk 桌面: [attrib 作定語] a desk-top computer, ie one that fits on a desk 臺 式 計 算 機 *| [attrib 作 定 語 ] desk-top publishing, ie using a microcomputer and (esp a laser) printer to produce high-quality printed material 桌面出版（使用微型計算機和印字機, 尤指激光印字機印刷的）.

desolate

/ 5desElEt; `dZsElEt/ adj 1 (of a place) deserted and miserable （指地方）無人煙的, 荒涼的, 荒蕪的: a desolate industrial landscape 工業廢墟 *| a desolate, windswept moorland area 荒涼的、受強風吹襲的高沼地區. 2 miserable and without friends; lonely and sad 凄涼而無友的; 孤凄的: a desolate person, life, existence 孤獨而凄涼的人、 生活、 生活情況 *| We all felt absolutely desolate when she left. 她走後, 我們都覺得萬分孤寂.

desolate

/ 5desEleIt; `dZsE9let/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被動語態] 1 leave (a place) ruined and deserted 使（某處）淪為廢墟; 使荒涼: a city desolated by civil strife 遭內亂破壞的城市. 2 make (sb) sad and hopeless 使（某人）悲傷絕望: a family desolated by the loss of a child 因失去孩子而悲痛欲絕的一家人.

desolately

adv.

desolation

/ 9desE5leIFn; 9dZsE`leFEn/ n [U]

desolating or being desolated

(desolate v 1) 遺棄; 荒涼; 破壞: the desolation caused by war 戰爭造成的滿目瘡痍. 2 misery; loneliness 凄涼; 孤寂: her utter desolation when she heard the bad news 她聽到那壞消息時極度悲傷.

despair

/ dI5speE(r); dI`spZr/ n 1 [U] state of having lost all hope 失去一切希望; 絕望: Your stupidity will drive me to (ie make me feel) despair. 你愚蠢得使我寒心. *| He gave up the struggle in despair. 他絕望地放棄了斗爭. *| She was overcome by despair. 她已完全絕望. *| his despair of ever seeing his family again 他再也見不到他家里人的絕望心情. 2 (idm 習語) be the despair of sb

make sb give up hope 使某人放棄希望: Your son is the despair of all his teachers, ie They no longer expect to be able to teach him anything. 你的兒子在所有教師的心目中已毫無希望了.

despair

v [I, Ipr] ~ (of sb/sth) (fml 文) have lost all hope (esp that sb/sth will improve) 失去全部希望; 絕望: We've despair of him; he can't keep a job for more than six months. 我們對他已經絕望了, 他做什麼工作都不能超過半年.

despairing

/ dI5speErIN; dI`spZrIN/ adj showing despair 表現絕望的; 絕望的: a despairing look/gesture 絕望的神色[姿態].

despairingly

adv: look despairingly at the judge 絕望地看著法官.

despatch

/ dI5spAtF; dI`spAtF/ n, v = dispatch.

desperado

/ 9despE5rB:dEU; 9dZspE`rBdo/ n (pl ~es; US also ~s) (dated 舊) man who commits dangerous, esp criminal, acts without worrying about himself or other people 亡 命 之 徒 ; 暴 徒 : the desperadoes who robbed the mail-train 搶劫郵車的亡命徒.

desperate

/ 5despErEt; `dZspErEt/ adj 1 feeling or showing great despair and ready to do anything regardless of danger 感到絕望而不惜冒險的; 拚命的; 不顧一切的: The prisoners grew more desperate. 囚徒們在絕望中更加不顧死活了. *|She wrote me a desperate letter. 她給我寫了一封信表示因絕望而不惜孤注一擲. 2 [attrib 作定語] violent and sometimes against the law 兇暴的; 犯法的: a desperate criminal, act, robbery 無法無天的罪犯、 行為、 搶劫. 3 [usu pred 通常作表語] ~ (for sth/to do sth) in great need (of sth/to do sth) 極需要（某事物[做某事]）: They're desperate for money. 他們極需錢. *| (infml 口) Have you got some water? I'm desperate (for a drink). 你有水嗎? 我很想喝（一點）. *| I'm desperate to see her. 我 很 想 見 到 她 . 4 extremely serious or dangerous 極嚴重的; 極危險的: a desperate situation, shortage, illness 危局、 奇缺、 重病 *| The state of the country is desperate. 該國局勢危殆. 5 [usu attrib 通常作定語] giving little hope of success; tried when all else has failed 成功希望渺茫的; 孤注一擲的: 745a desperate remedy, measure, etc 成功希望渺

茫的補救方法、 孤注一擲的措施.

desperately

adv.

desperation

/ 9despE5reIFn; 9dZspE`reFEn/ n [U] state of being

desperate(1) 拚命; 不顧一切; 不顧死活: driven

to desperation 被 逼 得 鋌 而 走 險 *| In

desperation I pleaded with the attackers. 我不

顧一切向攻擊者哀求.

despicable

/ dI5spIkEbl, 5despIkEbl; dI`spIkEbl, `dZspIkEbl/ adj ~

(of sb) (to do sth) deserving to be despised;

contemptible 可鄙 的 ; 卑鄙 的 : a despicable

action, gesture 可 鄙 的 行 動 、 姿 勢 *| a

despicable rogue 卑鄙的無賴.

despicably

/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv: behave despicably 舉動卑鄙.

despise

/ dI5spaIz; dI`spaIz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (for sth)

feel contempt for sb/sth; consider sb/sth as

worthless 鄙視、 藐視、 看不起某人[某事物]:

despise his hypocrisy, meanness, conceit, etc

鄙視他的虛偽、吝嗇、自負等 *| Strike-breakers

are often despised by their workmates. 破壞罷

工的人常為同事所不齒.

despite

/ dI5spaIt; dI`spaIt/ prep without being affected by

(the factors mentioned) 盡管; 不管; 不顧: They

had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad

weather. 盡管天氣不好, 他們的假日還是過得極

為愉快. *| Despite wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letters. 她盡管很想

再見到他, 但卻不愿給他回信. *| Despite what

others say, I think he's a very nice chap. 不管

別人怎麼說, 我仍認為他這個人很好. Cf 參看 in

spite of (spite).

despoil

/ dI5spRIl; dI`spRIl/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~sth (of sth) (fml

文) rob (a place) of sth valuable; plunder sth 從

（某處）搶劫有價值之物; 掠奪某物: Museums

have despoiled India of many priceless

treasures. 博物館里有許多從印度掠奪來的無價之

寶.

despondent

/ dI5spCndEnt; dI`spBndEnt/ adj ~ (about sth) having

or showing loss of hope; wretched 失望的; 沮

喪的; 消沉的; 苦惱的: a despondent loser, mood, look 沮喪的失敗者、情緒、神情 *| Don't

be so despondent. 不要這樣泄氣.

despondency

/ dI5spCndEnsI; dI`spBndEnsI/ n [U] loss of hope;

misery 泄 氣 ; 沮 喪 ; 失 望 ; 苦 惱 : her despondency about having no job 她因失業而意志消沉.

despondently

adv.

dessert

/ dI5z:t; dI`z[t/ (also sweet) n (a) [C] any sweet dish, (eg pie, tart, ice-cream) eaten at the end of a meal （飯後的）甜食（如餡餅、 果餡餅、 冰激凌）: a pineapple dessert 菠蘿甜食. Cf 參看afters, pudding 1. (b) [U] course in which this dish is served （用作最後一道菜的）甜食: Shall we move on to dessert? 咱們上甜食好嗎? *|[attrib 作定語] a dessert apple, wine, etc, ie served with or for dessert 作為甜食的蘋果、 餐末甜酒.

dessert-spoon

n (a) medium-sized spoon 點心匙; 中型匙. =>illus at spoon 見 spoon 之插圖. (b) (also dessert-spoonful) / -fUl; -9fJl/ amount held by this 一點心匙的量.

destination

/ 9destI5neIFn; 9dZstE`neFEn/ n place to which sb/sth is going or being sent 目的地: Tokyo was our final destination. 東京是我們的最終目的地. *| arrive at/reach one's destination 到達目的地.

destined

/ 5destInd; `dZstInd/ adj [pred 作表語] (fml 文) 1 ~ for sth/to do sth; be ~ that... having a future which has been decided or planned beforehand 命 中 注 定 ; 注 定 ; 預 定 : Coming from a theatrical family, I was destined for a career on the stage, ie I was expected to be an actor. 我生於戲劇工作者之家, 注定了我的舞臺生涯. *| They were destined never to meet again, ie Fate had decided they should not meet again. 他們命中注定再也無緣相遇了. *| It was destined that they would marry. 他們結婚是緣分. 2 ~ for... on the way to (a place) 去, 到, 往, 赴（某處）: a letter, a traveller, an aircraft destined for London 往倫敦的信、 游客、 飛機.

destiny

/ 5destInI; `dZstEnI/ n 1 [U] power believed to control events 命運: Destiny drew us together. 命 運 把 我 們 連 在 一 起 了 . 2 [C] that which happens to sb/sth (thought to be decided beforehand by fate) 定數; 天命: It was his destiny to die in a foreign country. 他注定要客死異國. *| events which shaped his destiny 決定他命運的事件.

746destitute

/ 5destItju:t; ?@ -tu:t; `dZstE9tut/ adj 1 without money, food, etc and other things necessary for life; impoverished 窮困的; 貧窮的; 窮苦的:

When he died, his family was left destitute. 他死後家人衣食無著. 2 [pred 作表語] ~ of sth (fml 文) lacking sth 缺少某事物: officials who are destitute of ordinary human feelings 毫無感情的官員.

destitution

/ 9destI5tju:Fn; ?@ -5tu:Fn; 9dZstE`tuFEn/ n [U] being destitute 匱 乏 ; 窮 困 : live in complete destitution 生活一貧如洗.

destroy

/ dI5strRI; dI`strRI/ v 1 [Tn] damage (sth) so badly that it no longer exists, works, etc; wreck 摧毀, 毀壞（某物）: a house destroyed by bombs, fire, explosion 被炸彈、 大火、 爆炸毀掉的房子 *|Vandals destroyed the bus. 恣意破壞公物的人毀壞了這輛公共汽車. *| They've destroyed all the evidence. 他們銷毀了一切證據. *| (fig 比喻) destroy sb's hopes, career, reputation 毀掉某人的希望、 事業、 名譽. 2 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被動語態] kill (a dog, horse, etc) deliberately, usu because it is sick or unwanted 殺死（狗、馬等）（通常因其生病或不能保留）; 人道毀滅: The injured dog had to be destroyed. 這只受傷的狗要予以人道毀滅.

destroyer

n 1 (fml 文) person or thing that destroys 破壞者: Death, the destroyer 死神, 生靈之毀滅者. 2 small fast warship for protecting larger warships or convoys of merchant ships 驅逐艦.

destructible

/ dI5strQktEbl; dI`strQktEbl/ adj that can be destroyed 可破壞的; 可摧毀的; 可毀滅的.

destructibility

/ dI9strQktE5bIlEtI; dI9strQktE`bIlEtI/ n [U].

destruction

/ dI5strQkFn; dI`strQkFEn/ n [U] (a) destroying or being destroyed 破壞; 摧毀; 毀滅: the total destruction of a town by an earthquake 地震對一小鎮之徹底毀壞. (b) person or thing that destroys or ruins 破壞者; 毀滅者: Gambling was his destruction. 賭博把他毀了.

destructive

/ dI5strQktIv; dI`strQktIv/ adj (a) causing destruction or serious damage 造成毀滅或嚴重破壞的; 毀滅性的: the destructive force of the storm 暴風雨的破壞力. (b) wanting or tending

to destroy 想 要 破 壞 的 ; 會 造 成 破 壞 的 : destructive urges 想搞破壞的欲望 *| Are all small children so destructive? 是不是兒童都很喜歡破壞? *| destructive criticism, ie making no positive suggestions for improvement 破壞性的批評.

destructively

adv.

destructiveness

n [U].

desuetude

/ dI5sju:Itju:d; ?@ -tu:d; dI`suE9tud/ n (idm 習語) fall into de`suetude (fml 文) cease being used 已不用; 廢止: customs, fashions, words that have fallen into desuetude 已經廢棄的風俗、 式樣、詞語.

desultory

/ 5desEltrI; ?@ -tR:rI; `dZsEl9tRrI/ adj going from one thing to another, without a definite plan or purpose; unmethodical 不連貫的; 漫無計劃或目的的; 無條理的: desultory reading, work 漫無目的的閱讀、 漫無計劃的工作 *| desultory attempts to help 毫無計劃的隨意幫助.

desultorily

adv.

desultoriness

n [U].

Det

abbr 縮寫 = Detective.

detach

/ dI5tAtF; dI`tAtF/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) unfasten sth from sth; disconnect sth 將某物拆下; 拆開某物; 分開某物: detach a link from a chain 從 鏈 子 上 拆 下 一 個 鏈 環 *| a coach detached from a train 從火車上脫離的一節車廂. Cf 參看 attach 1. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (military 軍) send (a group of soldiers, ships, etc) away from the main force, esp to do special duties 派遣, 分遣（兵員、 船艦等）（尤指執行特殊任務）: A number of men were detached to guard the right flank. 派遣了一些士兵守衛右翼.

detached

adj 1 (a) not influenced by others; impartial 不受他人影響的; 不偏不倚的; 公正的: a detached mind, assessment, judgement, etc 不偏不倚的見解、 評價、 判斷等 *| take a detached view of sth 對某事物采取公正的觀點. (b) not feeling emotional or involved 不動感情的; 冷靜的; 客觀的; 超然的: her detached response to the crisis 她對這危機的客觀的反應. 2 (of a house) 747not joined to another on either side （指房子）

兩邊不與其他房子相連的, 獨立的. =>illus at App 1 見附錄 1 之插圖, page vii.

detachable

/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj that can be detached 可拆開的; 可分離的; 可分遣的: a detachable lining in a coat 大衣的活襯里.

detachment

/ dI5tAtFmEnt; dI`tAtFmEnt/ n 1 [U] detaching or being detached 派遣; 分遣: the detachment of units from the main force 從主力部隊派遣的小分隊. 2 [U] (a) state of being not influenced by others 不 受 他 人 影 響 ; 獨 立 ; 客 觀 : show detachment in one's judgements 表現出獨立的見解. (b) lack of emotion; indifference 冷靜; 超然: He answered with an air of detachment. 他以超然的神態回答. 3 [C] group of soldiers, ships, etc sent away from a larger group, esp to do special duties 分 遣 隊 ; 支 隊 ; 特 遣 艦 隊 : a detachment of signallers 通訊兵支隊.

detail

/ 5di:teIl; ?@ dI5teIl; dI`tel/ n 1 [C] small, particular fact or item 細目; 細節; 詳情: Please give me all the details. 請告訴我全部詳情. *| I checked every detail of her research. 我核對了她的學術研究的各個細節. *| The details of the costume were totally authentic. 這件古裝的每個小地方都完全真實. *| Spare me the details! ie Don't provide any. 別給我講細枝末節了! 2 [U] (a) small, particular aspects of sth 細微的方面: A good organizer pays attention to detail. 善於組織者考慮問題無微不至. *| a novelist with an eye for detail, eg who includes many small, realistic facts 刻劃入微的小說家. (b) smaller or less important parts of a picture, pattern, etc （繪畫、 圖案等的）較小的或次要的部分: The overall composition of the picture is good but some of the detail is distracting. 這幅畫的構圖不錯, 但有些細微處稍嫌喧賓奪主. 3 [C] (military 軍) group of soldiers given special duties 特遣隊; 小分隊: the cookhouse detail 營地炊事班. 4 (idm 習語) go into `detail(s) speak or write about all aspects of sth 詳細敘述: He refused to go into details about his plans. 他不肯詳述他計劃的細節. in `detail discussing all facts or items fully 詳細地: to explain/describe sth in detail 詳細解釋[敘述]某事物.

detail

/ 5di:teIl; ?@ dI5teIl; dI`tel/ v 1 [Tn, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to/for sb) list sth fully, item by item; describe

sth fully (to/for sb) 逐項列出; （向[為]某人）詳述某事物: The computer's features are detailed in our brochure. 該計算機的特點在我們的小冊子中有詳細介紹. *| an inventory detailing all the goods in a shop 逐項列出的商店貨物清單 *| I detailed our plans to her. 我向她詳細講述了我們的計劃. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t] ~ sb (for sth) choose or appoint sb for special duties 選出或指派某人執行特殊任務: detail soldiers for guard duty/to guard a bridge 派士兵值勤[守橋].

detailed

adj having many details or paying great attention to details; thorough 詳細的; 極注意細節的; 詳盡的; 完全的: a detailed description, account, analysis, etc 詳盡的敘述、 報道、 分析等.

detain

/ dI5teIn; dI`ten/ v [Tn] 1 prevent (sb) from leaving or doing sth; delay 阻止（某人）離開或做某事; 耽擱; 延誤: She was detained in the office by unexpected callers. 有些臨時訪客把她耽擱在辦公室里了. *| This question need not detain us long, ie can be settled quickly. 這個問題不必耽擱我們很長時間. 2 keep (sb) in custody; lock up 拘留（某人）; 扣押: The police detained him for questioning. 警方對他進行拘留審問.

detainee

/ 9di:teI5ni:; di9te`ni/ n person who is detained (by police, etc, eg sb suspected of a violent crime, terrorism, etc) 被拘留者.

detect

/ dI5tekt; dI`tZkt/ v [Tn] (a) discover or recognize that (sth) is present 發現、察覺或查出（某事物）: The dentist could detect no decay in her teeth. 牙醫檢查了她的牙, 未見有齲齒. *| instruments that can detect minute amounts of radiation 能檢測極微量輻射的儀器 *| Do I detect a note of irony in your voice? 聽起來你是在說反話吧? (b) investigate and solve (crime, etc) 偵察, 偵查（罪案等）: This police officer's job is to detect fraud. 這位警官負責偵查欺詐案.

detector

n device for detecting changes in pressure or temperature, metals, explosives, etc 探測器.

detection

/ dI5tekFn; dI`tZkFEn/ n [U] detecting; discovering 發 現 ; 察 覺 ; 偵 查 ; 探 測 : the detection of radioactivity 對放射性的探測 *| the detection of crime 對 罪 行 的 偵 查 *| try to escape detection by disguising oneself 喬裝打扮以躲過 748偵察者的耳目.

detective

/ dI5tektIv; dI`tZktIv/ n person, esp a police officer, whose job it is to investigate and solve crimes

偵探: employ a private detective 雇用一名私人

偵探.

detective story, detective novel

story in which the main interest is a puzzling

crime and the process of solving it 偵探小說.

detente

/ 9deI5tB:nt; de`tBnt/ n [U] (French 法) lessening of

dangerous tension, esp between countries （緊

張關系的）緩和（尤指國與國間的）.

detention

/ dI5tenFn; dI`tZnFEn/ n [U] (a) detaining or being

detained, esp in prison 阻止; 滯留; 拘留; （尤

指）監禁: detention without trial 未經審判的關

押. (b) punishment of being kept at school

after it has closed 課後留校的懲罰: be given

two hours' detention 被罰留校兩小時.

detention centre

place where young offenders are kept in

detention for a short time 青少年管教所.

deter

/ dI5t:(r); dI`t[/ v (-rr-) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from

doing sth) make sb decide not to do sth 使某人

決定不做某事物: Failure did not deter him (from

making another attempt). 他并未因失敗而畏縮

不前. *| I was deterred from emigrating by the

thought of leaving my family. 我舍不得離開家, 所以決定不移居國外了.

detergent

/ dI5t:dVEnt; dI`t[dVEnt/ n [U, C], adj (substance)

that removes dirt, eg from the surface of

clothes or dishes 洗滌劑; 去污劑; 洗滌的; 去污

的: Most synthetic detergents are in the form

of powder or liquid. 大多數合成洗滌劑呈粉狀或

液態.

deteriorate

/ dI5tIErIEreIt; dI`tIrIE9ret/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (into sth)

become worse in quality or condition 變壞; 變

質; 惡化: Leather can deteriorate in damp

conditions. 皮革受潮可變質. *| The discussion

deteriorated into a bitter quarrel. 這場討論演變

成了激烈的爭吵.

deterioration

/ dI9tIErIE5reIFn; dI9tIrIE`reFEn/ n [U]: a

deterioration in superpower relations 超級大國

之間關系的惡化.

determinant

/ dI5t:mInEnt; dI`t[mEnEnt/ n, adj (fml 文) (thing)

that determines or decides how or if sth happens 決 定 因 素 ; 決 定 性 的 : The main determinant of economic success is our ability to control inflation. 經濟方面的成就主要取決於我們控制通貨膨脹的能力.

determinate

/ dI5t:mInEt; dI`t[mEnEt/ adj (fml 文) limited in range or scope; definite 限定的; 確定的.

determination

/ dI9t:mI5neIFn; dI9t[mE`neFEn/ n [U] 1 ~ (to do sth) quality of being firmly committed to doing sth; resoluteness 決 心 ; 堅 定 性 : a leader with courage and determination 果敢的領導者 *|with an air of determination, ie showing this quality 帶著一副堅定的神態 *| her dogged determination to learn English 她學英語的那種堅 定 不 移 的 決 心 . 2 precise fixing (of sth); deciding （ 對 某 事 物 的 ） 確 定 ; 決 定 : the determination of future policy 未來政策的確定. 3 finding out (of an amount, a quality, etc); calculation （數量、 質量等的）測定; 計算: the determination of a ship's position/the exact composition of a substance 船的方位[某種物質的準確成分]的測定.

determinative

/ dI5t:mInEtIv; ?@ -neItIv; dI`t[mE-9netIv/ adj (fml 文) having the power to determine or limit sth （ 對 某 事 物 ） 有 決 定 力 的 , 有 限 制 力 的 : a determinative factor in his psychological development 在他心理發展過程中的決定因素.

determinative

n thing having the power to determine or limit sth 決定因素.

determine

/ dI5t:mIn; dI`t[mIn/ v 1 [Tn, Tw] (fml 文) fix (sth) precisely; decide 確 定 （ 某 事 物 ） ; 決 定 : determine a date for a meeting 確定會議日期*| His future has not been determined, but he may study medicine. 他將來何去何從尚未決定, 但有可能學醫. *| She will determine how it is to be done. 她會決定這件事的做法. 2 [Tn, Tw] (fml 文) find out (sth that is not known); calculate 測定, 找出（某未知事物）; 算出: determine the meaning of a word/what a word means 確定某詞的含義 *| determine exactly what happened 查出究竟發生了什麼事 *| determine the speed of light, how high a mountain is 測定光速、 山有多高. 3 [Ipr, Tf, Tw, Tt] ~ on/upon sth decide firmly that sth will be done; make up one's mind about sth; resolve 決定做某事; 對某事下 749定 決 心 ; 決心 : We determined on an early

start/(that) we'd makean early start. 我們決定早些出發. *| determine on proving/to prove sb's innocence 決心要證實某人無辜 *| They have determined where the new school will be built. 他們已決定在何處建校. *| He determined to learn Greek. 他決定學希臘語. 4 [Tn.pr] ~ sb against sth (fml 文) make sb decide not to do sth 使某人決定不做某事: That determined her against leaving home. 那件事使她決定不離開家了. 5 [Tn] decisively influence (sth); fix 對（某事物）產生決定性的影響; 決定: Do heredity and environment determine one's character? 遺傳與環境可以決定一個人的性格嗎? *| The exam results could determine your career. 考試成績可能會決定你的前途.

determined

/ dI5t:mInd; dI`t[mInd/ adj ~ (to do sth) with one's mind firmly made up; resolute 有決心的; 意志堅定的; 堅決的: a determined fighter, look, attitude 堅定的戰士、 神情、 態度 *| I'm determined to succeed. 我決心要努力獲得成功.

determiner

/ dI5t:mInE(r); dI`t[mInL/ n (grammar) word, eg the, some, my, that comes before a noun to show how the noun is being used 限定詞（置於名詞前, 對該名詞起限定作用的詞, 如 the、 some、my）.

determinism

/ dI5t:mInIzEm; dI`t[mEn9IzEm/ n [U] (philosophy 哲) belief that one is not free to choose the sort of person one wants to be, or how one behaves, because these things are decided by one's background, surroundings, etc 決定論（認為個人并無選擇個性或行為的自由, 因為這一切都由其背景、 環境等所決定）.

deterrent

/ dI5terEnt; ?@ -5t:-; dI`t[rEnt/ n, adj (thing) that deters or is meant to deter 起制止作用的（事物）; 遏止的（因素）; 威懾的（力量）: His punishment will be a deterrent to others. 懲罰他以儆效尤. *| deterrent weapons, measures 具威懾性的武器、 遏制性的手段.

deterrence

/ dI5terEns; ?@ -5t:-; dI`t[rEns/ n [U] action of deterring 阻止; 遏止; 威懾: nuclear deterrence, ie (a policy of) having nuclear weapons in order to make an enemy too frightened to attack 核威懾.

detest

/ dI5test; dI`tZst/ v [Tn, Tg, Tsg] dislike (sb/sth)

very much; hate 憎惡, 憎恨（某人[某事物]）; 厭惡; 討厭: detest dogs 討厭狗 *| detest having to get up early 很不喜歡早起身 *| I detest people complaining. 我討厭人發牢騷.

detestable

/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj that one hates; hateful 令人憎恨的; 可憎的; 可惡的; 討厭的: a detestable habit 可惡的習慣.

detestably

/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv.

detestation

/ 9di:te5steIFn; 9ditZs`teFEn/ n [U] strong dislike; hatred 強烈的厭惡; 憎惡.

dethrone

/ 9di:5WrEUn; di`Wron/ v [Tn] (a) remove (a ruler) from the throne; depose 廢黜（君主）. (b) (fig 比喻) remove (sb) from a position of authority or influence 使（某人）失去權勢; 攆下臺; 擠走: a government adviser dethroned by a younger expert 被較年輕的專家擠走的政府顧問.

dethronement

n [C, U].

detonate

/ 5detEneIt; `dZtE9net/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) explode; (be) set off （使某物）爆炸; 引爆; 起爆: The bomb failed to detonate. 炸彈沒爆炸. *| an explosive charge detonated by remote control 遙控起爆的炸藥.

detonation

/ 9detE5neIFn; 9dZtE`neFEn/ n [C, U] explosion 爆炸; 起爆.

detonator

/ 5detEneItE(r); `dZtE9netL/ n part of a bomb, etc that explodes first, setting off the full explosion 起爆管; 雷管; 信管.

detour

/ 5di:tUE(r); ?@ dI5tUEr; dI`tUr/ n (esp US) route that avoids a blocked road, etc; deviation （繞開受阻道路等的）繞行路線, 迂回路線: We had to make a detour round the floods. 我們為避開洪水得繞道而行. Cf 參看 diversion.

detour

v [I, Tn] avoid (sth) by making a detour 繞道以避開（某物）; 繞過（某物）: We had to detour a road-block. 我們得繞過路障.

detoxify

/ 9di:5tCksIfaI; di`tBksE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn] remove poison or harmful substances from (sb/sth) 清除（某人[某物]）的毒素或有害物質; 為（某人[某物]）解毒: detoxify the bloodstream 清除血液中的毒素.

detoxification

750/ 9di:9tCksIfI5keIFn; di9tBksEfE`keFEn/ n [U] action of

removing poison or harmful substances, eg addictive drugs 解毒; （對如毒品等有害物質的）清除: [attrib 作定語] a detoxification centre, ie where drug addicts or alcoholics are treated 戒毒（或戒酒）中心.

detract

/ dI5trAkt; dI`trAkt/ v [Ipr] ~ from sth make sth seem less valuable or important 減損某事物的價值或重要性; 貶低: detract from the merit, value, worth, excellence, etc of sth 有損於某事物的好處、 重要性、 價值、 優點等 *| criticism that detracts from her achievements 貶低她成就 的 批 評 *| This unpleasant incident detracted from our enjoyment of the evening. 這件不愉快的事情使我們當晚興致大減.

detraction

/ dI5trAkFn; dI`trAkFEn/ n [U] unfair criticism of sb/sth; belittling 不恰當的批評; 貶低; 貶抑.

detractor

n person who criticizes sb/sth unfairly 詆毀者; 貶 低 者 : The scheme is better than its detractors suggest. 這計劃比貶低它的人所說的要好.

detrain

/ 9di:5treIn; di`tren/ v [I, Tn] (fml 文) leave or cause (sb) to leave a railway train 下火車; 使（某人）下火車: The troops detrained near the battle zone. 部隊在戰區附近下了火車.

detribalize, detribalise

/ 9di:5traIbElaIz; di`traIbE9laIz/ v [Tn] cause (sb) to abandon tribal customs; end tribal organization in (a society) 使（某人）摒棄部落習俗; 解散（某社會）中的部落組織: detribalized Indians in South America 解散南美洲印第安人的部落.

detribalization, detribalisation

/ 9di:9traIbElaI5zeIFn; ?@-lI5z-; di9traIbElI`zeFEn/ [U].

detriment

/ 5detrImEnt; `dZtrEmEnt/ n (idm 習 語 ) to the detriment of sb/sth; without detriment to sb/sth harming/not harming sb/sth 對某人[某事物]有害 [無害]; 有損於[無損於]某人[某事物]: He works long hours, to the detriment of his health. 他長時間地工作, 有損健康. *| This tax cannot be introduced without detriment to the economy. 這一稅制一旦施行, 必然會危害國民經濟.

detrimental

/ 9detrI5mentl; 9dZtrE`mZntl/ adj ~ (to sb/sth) harmful 有害的; 不利的: The measures had a

detrimental effect. 這些措施已產生不良影響. *|activities detrimental to our interests 損及我們利益的活動.

detrimentally

/ -tElI; -tlI/ adv: detrimentally affected 受到不良影響.

detritus

/ dI5traItEs; dI`traItEs/ n [U] matter such as sand, silt or gravel produced by the wearing away of rocks, etc （巖石等風化而形成的）泥沙, 碎石, 巖屑; 風化物.

deuce

/ dju:s; ?@ du:s; dus/ n 1 two on playing-cards or dice (shown as pips and/or numbers) （紙牌或色子上的）兩點（以點和[或]數字表示）. 2 (in tennis) score of 40-all, after which either side must gain two successive points to win the game （網球賽中）40 平（其後一方須連勝兩球方為勝）.

deuce

/ dju:s; ?@ du:s; dus/ n (dated infml euph 舊, 口, 婉) 1 the deuce [sing] (used as an expression of annoyance 用以表示煩惱、 厭惡等): The deuce! I've lost my keys! 真 倒 霉 , 鑰 匙 丟 了 ! *|Who/What/Where the deuce is that? 到底是哪個家伙[是什麼鬼名堂/在什麼鬼地方]? *| What the deuce is going on? 討厭, 到底是怎麼回事? 2 (idm 習語) the deuce of a sth a very bad case of sth 非常糟糕; 十分嚴重: I've got the deuce of a headache. 我頭痛極了.

deuced

/ dju:st, 5dju:sId; ?@ du:st; dust/ adj (used as an expression of annoyance 用以表示煩惱、 厭惡等): Where's that deuced boy? 那壞小子上哪兒去了? adv very 很; 非常: What deuced bad luck! 倒霉死了!

deucedly

/ 5dju:sIdlI; ?@ 5du:-; `dusIdlI/ adv very 很; 非常.

Deutschmark

/ 5dRItFmB:k; `dRItF9mBrk/ n (abbr 縮寫 DM) unit of money in the Federal Republic of Germany 馬克（德國貨幣單位）.

devalue

/ 9di:5vAlju:; di`vAlju/ v [Tn] (a) reduce the value of (a currency) in relation to other currencies or gold 使（某種貨幣）貶值: devalue the dollar, pound, mark, etc 使美元、英鎊、馬克等貶值. (b) reduce the value or worth of (sth) 降低（某事物）的價值; 貶低（某事物）的重要性: criticism that devalues our work 貶低我們工作成績的批評.

devaluation

/ 9di:vAljU5eIFn; 9divAljJ`eFEn/ n [C, U] (instance of) 751reducing a currency to a lower fixed value 貨

幣貶值: There's been a further devaluation of

the dollar. 美元繼續貶值.

devastate

/ 5devEsteIt; `dZvEs9tet/ v [Tn] (a) completely

destroy (sth); ruin 徹底毀壞（某事物）; 毀滅; 摧

毀: a house devastated by a bomb 被炸彈炸毀

的房子 *| War devastated the country. 戰爭摧

毀 了 這 個 國 家 . (b) (infml 口 ) shock (sb);

overwhelm 令（某人）震驚; 使（某人）難以承受:

She was devastated by his death. 她因他去世而

悲痛欲絕. *| I was devastated by the news of

the crash. 我獲悉失事的消息感到十分震驚.

devastating

/ 5devEsteItIN; `dZvEs9tetIN/ adj 1 very destructive

破壞力極強的; 毀滅性的: a devastating war, famine, storm, etc 毀滅性的戰爭、 饑荒、 風暴

等. 2 causing severe shock 令人十分震驚的; 具

有強大沖擊力的: devastating criticism, news 猛

烈的抨擊、 驚人的消息. 3 (fig infml 比喻, 口)

striking; impressive 突出的; 醒目的; 令人欽佩

的: devastating wit 非凡的機智 *| She looked

devastating, ie very beautiful. 她貌美絕倫.

devastatingly

adv.

devastation

/ 9devE5steIFn; 9dZvEs`teFEn/ n [U] devastating or

being devastated 毀 滅 : complete, utter

devastation 完全的、 徹底的毀滅.

develop

/ dI5velEp; dI`vZlEp/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~

(sb/sth) (from sth) (into sth) (cause sb/sth to)

grow gradually; become or make more mature, advanced or organized （使某人[某事物]）發展, 發育, 成長, 發達: The child is developing well.

這孩子發育良好. *| The plot for the novel

gradually developed in my mind. 我逐步構想出

小說的情節. *| The argument developed into a

bitter quarrel. 這場辯論逐漸變成了激烈的爭吵.

*| We've developed the project from an original

idea by Stephen. 我們根據斯蒂芬的設想制定了

這個計劃. *| The place has developed from a

fishing port into a thriving tourist centre. 這地

方由原來的漁港發展成一個繁榮的旅游勝地. 2 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become noticeable, visible or

active （使某事物）出現, 明顯化, 顯露, 變得活躍:

Symptoms of malaria developed, ie appeared.

瘧疾的癥狀出現了. *| The car has developed

signs of rust, ie is becoming rusty. 這輛汽車出

現了銹跡. 3 (photography 攝) (a) [Tn] treat (an

exposed film) with chemicals so that the picture can be seen 沖洗（已曝光的底片）; 使（已曝光的底片）顯影: take a film to be developed 將膠 卷 送 去 沖洗 . (b) [I] (of the image on an exposed film or plate) become visible （指底片上 的圖像 ）顯影 . 4 [Tn] use (land) for the building of houses, etc and so increase its value 在（土地）上建筑房屋等; 開發（土地）: The site is being developed by a London property company. 這塊地正在由倫敦的一家地產公司開發利用.

developed

adj 1 advanced; mature 先進的; 發達的; 成熟的: a highly developed system of agriculture 十分發達的農業體系 *| She is well developed for her age. 她 比 她 的 實 際 年 齡 看 來 早 熟 . 2 (economics 經) (of a country, an area, etc) with a highly organized economy （指國家、 地區等）經濟發達的: one of the less developed countries 發達程度較低的國家之一.

developer

n 1 (photography 攝 ) substance used to develop films 顯影劑. 2 person or company that develops land 土地開發者; 土地開發公司.

developing

adj trying to become economically advanced 經濟發展中的: a developing country 發展中的國家 *| the developing world 發展中的世界.

development

/ dI5velEpmEnt; dI`vZlEpmEnt/ n 1 [U] developing or being developed (develop 1, 2, 3, 4) 發展; 發達; 發育; 成長; 出現; 顯影; 開發: the healthy development of children 兒童的健康成長 *|encourage the development of small businesses 鼓勵小公司的發展 *| land that is ready for development, ie ready to be built on 可以開發的土地（可在上面營建）. 2 [C] (a) new stage or event 新的階段; 新事態: the latest development in the continuing crisis 這段持續危機的最新情況 *| We must await further developments. 我們必須等待事態的進一步發展. (b) new product or invention 新產品; 新發明: Our electrically-powered car is an exciting new development. 我們的電動汽車是一項令人鼓舞 的新發明 . 3 [C] piece of land with new buildings on it 新近建造了房屋的一塊土地; 新開發 地 : a commercial development on the outskirts of the town 在城郊的新商業區.

development area

(Brit) poor area where new industries are 752encouraged in order to create jobs 待開發區（鼓

勵發展新工業以提供就業機會的貧窮地區）.

deviant

/ 5di:vIEnt; `divIEnt/ n, adj (often derog 常作貶義) (person who is) different in moral or social standards from what is considered normal 偏離正常的道德或社會標準的（人）; 離經叛道的（人）: a sexual deviant who assaults children 蹂躪兒童的性變態者 *| deviant behaviour 不軌的行為.

deviance

/ -vIEns; -vIEns/, deviancy ns [U] deviant tendencies or behaviour 反常的傾向或行為.

deviate

/ 5di:vIeIt; `divI9et/ v [Ipr] ~ from sth stop following (a course, standard, etc) 偏離（路線、標準等）; 背離: The plane deviated from its usual route. 飛機偏離了正常的航線. *| I will never deviate from what I believe to be right. 我絕不背離我自信正確的道路. *| deviate from one's plan, the norm, the accepted procedure, etc 偏離自己的計劃、 標準、 一般的程序等.

deviation

/ 9di:vI5eIFn; 9divI`eFEn/ n ~ (from sth) 1 (a) [U] not following the normal or expected course, plan, etc; deviating 偏離正常的或原定的路線、 計劃等; 偏向; 偏差: There was little deviation from his usual routine. 他沒有什麼反常的舉動. *| sexual deviation 性變態行為. (b) [C] instance of this 偏差; 逸出常軌: a deviation from the rules 違背規則. 2 [U] (politics 政) moving away from the beliefs held by the group to which one belongs 背離自己所屬集團的信條; 背盟: Party ideologists accused her of deviation. 黨內理論家譴責她背離 了 黨 的 信 條 . 3 [C] difference between a numerical value and a norm or average 偏差; 離差: a compass deviation of 5, ie from true north 羅盤自差 5 度（相對於正北而言）.

deviationism

/ -FEnIzEm; -FEnIzm/ n [U] practice of political deviation 政治上的離經叛道.

deviationist

/-FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n.

device

/ dI5vaIs; dI`vaIs/ n 1 thing made or adapted for a special purpose （為某種用途而制作或改裝的）裝置, 器具: a device for measuring pressure 測壓裝置 *| a labour-saving device 節省勞力的裝置 *| an explosive device 爆 破 裝 置 *| a nuclear device, eg a nuclear bomb or missile 核子裝置（如核彈或核導彈）. =>Usage at machine 用法見 machine. 2 (literature 文學) metaphor,

combination of words, etc used by a writer to produce an effect on the reader （作者用以感染讀者的）手法, 技巧（如隱喻、 詞語搭配等）: a stylistic device 文體表現手法. 3 scheme; trick 策略; 計策; 詭計; 計謀: Her illness is merely a device to avoid seeing him. 她所謂生病只不過是避免見他的花招而已. 4 symbol or figure used as a sign by a noble family, eg on a crest or shield （貴族用作家族標志的）圖案（如用於飾章或盾形徽的）: a heraldic device 紋章圖案. 5 (idm 習語) leave sb to his own devices => leave1.

devil

/ 5devl; `dZvl/ n 1 (a) the Devil supreme evil being; Satan 魔鬼; 撒旦: The Devil tempted Adam and Eve. 魔鬼誘惑了亞當和夏娃. (b) wicked spirit 魔鬼; 鬼怪: He believes in devils and witches. 他相信魔鬼、 巫婆這類事. 2 (infml 口) (a) wicked or mischievous person 惡人; 壞蛋; 調皮鬼; 淘氣鬼: My niece is a little devil. 我的侄女是個調皮鬼. *| He's a devil with (ie flirts with) the ladies. 他是個玩弄女性的家伙. (b) (used for emphasis 用以加強語氣) person 人; 家伙: The poor/lucky devil! 多可憐[幸運]的家伙! *| Which silly devil left the fire on all day? 是哪個笨蛋沒將爐火熄掉, 燒了這一整天? 3 (idm 習語) be a `devil (infml joc 口, 謔) used to encourage sb to do sth he is hesitating to do 用以在某人遲疑時鼓勵他去做某事: Go on, be a devil tell me what they said. 來, 怕什麼--盡管告訴我他們說了些什麼. better the devil you know => better2. between the ,devil and the ,deep (blue) `sea in a situation where there are two equally unacceptable alternatives 進退維谷; 左右為難.

the devil (used for emphasis in questions 在疑問句中用以加強語氣): What/Who/Why/Where the devil is that? 到底是什麼鬼名堂[是哪個家伙/是為什麼/是在什麼鬼地方]? the (very) `devil (sth) difficult or unpleasant 困難的或令人不愉快的（事物）: This job is the very devil. 這工作十分棘手. *| These pans are the (very) devil to clean. 這些鍋太難洗乾凈了. the `devil you will/won't, she can/can't, etc (infml 口 ) (used to emphasize a statement of refusal, an expression of surprise, etc 用作強調表示拒絕、驚訝等的語句): `I'm going to a party. ' `The devil you are!', ie I forbid it. ｀我要去參加一個聚會.＇｀你敢!＇（我不準）. the ,devil looks ,after his `own (saying 諺) success comes to those who deserve it least 魔鬼保佑惡人（最不配成功者卻能 753獲得成功）; 小人行大運. the devil makes work

for idle hands (saying 諺) when people do not

have enough work to do, they get into or make

trouble 閑則生非. a devil of a sth/sb (dated

infml 舊, 口) (used for emphasis 用以加強語氣)

very remarkable, difficult, awkward, etc thing

or person 非常突出、 麻煩、 糟糕等的事或人: a

devil of a pretty woman 漂亮得不得了的女人.

devil's `advocate person who speaks against

sb or sth simply to encourage discussion 故意

提出異議以激發辯論的人; 故意唱反調的人: I don't

really believe in capital punishment, I'm just

playing the devil's advocate. 我并非真正主張應

該有死刑, 只是故意唱唱反調罷了. the devil's

own luck very good luck 極佳的運氣; 鴻運. the

devil take the `hindmost everybody should

look after himself and not care about others

魔鬼專抓落後的（人人應自保, 不可顧他人）; 要鬼

捉不到, 搶在人前逃: In this business you have

to be tough, and the devil take the hindmost.

干這一行必須心狠, 誰顧別人誰吃虧. give the

devil his `due be just, even to those who do not

deserve it 不管人好人壞, 都要公平對待; 平心而

論. go to the `devil! (dated 舊) damn you! 去你

的! 見鬼去吧! have a/the devil of a job doing

sth (infml 口) find sth very difficult 覺得某事十

分困難: I'm having a devil of a job fixing my car.

我修我這輛汽車可費勁了. like the `devil (infml

口) very hard, intensively, etc 很賣力地、 強烈

地等; 拚命地: run, work like the devil 拚命跑、干. needs must when the devil drives => needs

(need). play the devil with sth (infml 口) harm

or make sth worse 傷害; 使某事物惡化: Cold

weather plays the devil with my rheumatism.

天一冷, 我的風濕病就犯了. speak/talk of the

`devil (saying infml 諺, 口) (said when sb one

has been talking about appears 用於說到某人, 某人就到的場合). there'll be the `devil to pay

(infml 口) there will be trouble as the result of

sth 那就麻煩了; 那就糟糕了; 那就要倒霉了:

There'll be the devil to pay if you scratch my

car! 你要是劃壞了我的汽車你就有麻煩了! the

world, the flesh and the devil => world.

devil-may-care

adj [esp attrib 尤作定語] reckless 肆無忌憚的;

不顧一切的.

devil

/ 5devl; `dZvl/ v (-ll-; US -l-) 1 [Tn] grill (sth) with

mustard, curry, etc 加芥末、咖喱等燒烤（某物）:

devilled kidneys/ham/turkey 加辛辣調味品的

烤腰子[火腿/火雞]. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (for sb) (Brit) work as an assistant to (a barrister) 給（律師）做助手.

devilish

/ 5devElIF; `dZvElIF/ adj wicked; cruel 邪惡的; 惡毒的; 殘忍的: a devilish plan 毒計 *| devilish cunning 奸詐.

devilish

adv (dated infml 舊, 口) very 很; 非常: devilish hot 熱得要命.

devilishly

adv: devilishly cruel, cunning, etc 窮兇極惡、極為狡詐.

devilishness

n [U].

devilment

/ 5devlmEnt; `dZvlmEnt/ (also devilry/ 5devlrI; `dZvlrI/) n 1 [U] high spirits; mischief 高昂的情緒; 惡作劇; 玩笑: She played a trick on him out of sheer devilment. 她捉弄他完全是為了尋開心. 2 [C] mischievous act 惡作劇; 開玩笑: She's up to some devilry or other. 她正要搞個惡作劇什麼的.

devious

/ 5di:vIEs; `divIEs/ adj 1 cunning; dishonest 刁滑的; 不誠實的: a devious lawyer, scheme, trick 刁滑的律師、 陰謀、 詭計 *| get rich by devious means 以不正當的手段致富. 2 (of a route, path, etc) winding; not straight （指道路等）彎曲的, 蜿蜒的, 不直的: The coach followed a rather devious course to its destination. 長途汽車要繞很多彎路才到達目的地.

deviously

adv.

deviousness

n [U].

devise

/ dI5vaIz; dI`vaIz/ v [Tn] think out (a plan, system, tool, etc); invent 想出, 設計（計劃、 制度、 工具等）; 發明: devise a scheme for redeveloping the city centre 制定市中心重建計劃 *| devise a new type of transistor 發明一種新晶體管.

devitalize, devitalise

/ 9di:5vaItElaIz; di`vaItl9aIz/ v [Tn] take strength and vigour away from (sb/sth) 使（某人[某事物]）失去活力; 消耗（某人[某事物]）的力量: a nation devitalized by a sustained war effort 因持續的戰事而大傷元氣的國家.

devitalization, devitalisation

/ 9di:9vaItE-laI5zeIFn; ?@ -lI5z-; di9vaItlI`zeFEn/ n [U].

devoid

754/ dI5vRId; dI`vRId/ adj [pred 作表語] ~ of sth

without sth; completely lacking in sth 沒有或毫 無 某 事 物 : a criminal utterly devoid of conscience 天良喪盡的罪犯.

devolution

/ 9di:vE5lu:Fn; ?@ 9dev-; 9dZvE`luFEn/ n [U] transfer of power or authority, esp from central government to regional authorities （尤指中央政府向地方政府）移交權力, 下放權力, 分權.

devolve

/ dI5vClv; dI`vBlv/ v (fml 文) 1 [Ipr] ~ on/upon sb (of work, duties) be transferred or passed to sb （ 指 工 作 、 職 務 ） 移 交 給 某 人 : When the President is ill, his duties devolve upon the Vice-President. 總統生病時, 其職務交由副總統代理. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to/upon sb) transfer (work, duties, etc) to sb 將（工作、 職務等）轉交給某人: More power is to be devolved to regional government. 要將更多的權力交給地方政府.

devote

/ dI5vEUt; dI`vot/ v [Tn.pr] ~ oneself/sth to sb/sth give (one's time, energy, etc) to sb/sth; dedicate 為某人[某事物]付出（時間、精力等）; 向某人[某事物]奉獻（時間、 精力等）; 獻身於某事物: devote oneself to a noble cause 獻身於一項崇高的事業 *| devote all one's efforts to one's task 全力以赴地工作.

devoted

adj ~ (to sb/sth) very loving or loyal 熱愛的; 非常忠實的; 全心全意的: a devoted son, friend, supporter, etc 孝子、 忠實的朋友、 不遺余力的支持者 *| She is devoted to her children. 她深愛她的孩子.

devotedly

adv.

devotee

/ 9devE5ti:; 9dZvE`ti/ n (a) person who is devoted to sth; enthusiast 致力於、 獻身於某事物的人; 熱心者; 某事物的迷戀者: a devotee of sport, music, crime fiction, etc 熱衷於體育運動、 音樂、 偵探小說等的人. (b) zealous supporter (of a sect, etc) （某一宗派等的）熱情擁護者.

devotion

/ dI5vEUFn; dI`voFEn/ n 1 [U] ~ (to sb/sth) (a) deep strong love 深愛; 摯愛: a mother's devotion to her children 母親對子女深深的疼愛. (b) giving of oneself (to a person, cause, etc); loyalty 獻身; 忠心: devotion to duty 忠於職守 *| a teacher's devotion to her task 教師全心全意投入其工作的

態度 *| our devotion to our leader 我們對領袖的忠誠. 2 (a) [U] religious zeal; devoutness 宗教熱情; 虔誠: a life of great devotion 信仰誠篤的一生. (b) [C] prayer or religious practice 祈禱; 靈修; 宗教儀式: a traditional devotion like the Way of the Cross 有如天主教｀拜苦路＇的傳統宗教儀式 *| a priest at his devotions, ie praying 正在祈禱的教士.